THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


X 


LAWYER 

Ih 


THE 


STENOPHONOGRAPHER. 

UPON  THE  BASIS  OF 

PITMAN'S  PHONOGRAPHY, 

WITH  THE 
CIRC  I  LAR  VOWEL  SCALE  of  July,  1851. 

BY  HENRY  M.  PARKHURST. 


PRINTED      AND      PUBLISHED      BY 

HENRY  M.  PARKHURST, 

(Short  Hand  Writer  and  Law  Reporter,) 

NO.  121,    NASSAU  STREET, 

NEW  YORK  CITY. 

1870. 


FONETIC  SPELIKT. 

No  one  who  is  familiar  with  our  spoken  language  can  find 
lerious  difficulty  in  reading  phonetic  print,  in  which  words  are 
Spelled  as  they  are  pronounced,  each  of  the  old  letters  being 
used  in  its  most  usual  signification  and  the  following  new  letters 
being  added  for  the  remaining  sounds: — 

qfcdafi,  Jggeaq,ere>  oo,ui  u    j    14 
ch    th   th    z     sh      zh    ng  ee    ai    ah  aw  owe  oo   oo  eye  ue 

as  in  the  following  words: — 

hwi<j     bin     dis      hia     Jal      USHdl      sin,      d:e      ma 
which    thin      this      his      shall     usual       sing      the     may 

etqr      erl      no      hra      wwd      mj      blq, 
•tar      all       no      who     would      my      blue. 

Ferr  the  want  of  the  type  j  use  ct  few  diffe,re,nt  ferrma  in  the 
imall  type.  3<  also  u.ae  a  few  slight  modicationg  of  some  of  the 
vowelg  ferr  mjnor  shadea  of  sound.  New  letterz  introduced  in 
theae  l[nea  are  uaed  with  the  phonetic  signification. 

Soonqr  er  latqr  phonetic  spelling  must  supplant  our  preaqnt 
fa/hioa.  But  (  u«e  it  in  the  following  work  also  for  the  rsazon 
that  the  spelling  exactly  correspondz  with  that  qaed  in  phono« 
graphic  Jhert-hand.  The  student,  therefore,  in  ev^ry  word,  hae 
indicated  to  him  piecjaely  what  iz  to  bs  written. 


TABL  OV  CONTENTS. 


ttJ 


>• 

DC 


az 
oa 


Cerjon  to  de  Iqrnqr 

Introducjon,    34 

Tecit  bucs 

I,     68,     65,     117 

3e  alfabet 

3 

3e  up-itrocs 

5,     29,    45,     117 

Rul«  ferr  pogi/on 

IS,     69,     117 

iJistujc/on  ov  plas,    Tabl 

14,     49,     121 

Pensil  err  pen 

24,     112 

W,  Y,  andS,  ">,  f,^      25, 

37,  67,  75,  87,  120 

3e  Towel  seal 

26,     67 

Miselaneus  sujesqonz 

111,     120 

Vowel  gramaloge 

33,     71,     118 

Sgrclz 

17,    34,    73,     107 

Notajon 

35,     74 

Gramologi                   39,    42, 

60,     61,    6S,     75 

R  and  L  hues 

42,     77 

Dubl  legft  strocs 

44,     97 

Final  hues 

60,     79 

Hqjf  legfi  rtrocs 

61,     60,     106 

3.1  Imps 

62,     81,     108 

Varius  contracjone 

6»,     83,     91 

Distigc/on  ov  fernn,    Tabl 

85,     120 

Fraeeografi 

100,     104 

Frscw^nsi  ov  ocurqns,    Table 

101,     124 

Ecrt-hand  figurz 

us 

Iluitrajoa  ov  abrevia/one 

111,     114 

Sc  nu  clasifica/on 

118 

448260 


INTRODUOSON. 

8[e  foloig  wurc  hae  bin  in  preparafion  nerli  twenti  yere, 
dujig  hwiq  tjm  mj  on  ecsperigns  and  dat  ov  udqrz  hav  en- 
abid  me  tu  mac  varius  imprcovmgnts.  In  rrdgr  tu  profit 
bj  dem  d»  Iqrngr  Bud  prosed  wid  Pqrts  1,  2,  and  8,  sjmul- 
taneusli,  acerdig  to  de  numbqrig  ov  de  lesna. 

It  ia  bqrli  posibl  dat  an  inventiv  jenyus  mjt  Iqrn  mj  sis- 
tern  solli  b;  de  ad  ov  dis  buc,  and  de  ilustrafionz  on  paj 
114;  but  it  iz  intended  tu  acotnpani  sum  ud§r  fonografic 
tecsUbuc,  de  fundamental  dif§r^ns  beig  in  de  vowel  seal. 
hwiq  j  hav  darfor  fuli  ilustrated. 

%  \nad  recomend  da  Iqrnqr,  befor  comensig  tu  rjt,  tu 
red  dis  buc  broo,  ref^rig  to  ud^r  instrucfion  bucs  hw^revqr 
it  iz  nesesari,  in  errdqr  tu  obtan  a  jengral  jdea  ov  de  sistem 
aa  a  hoi,  and  da  mm  ten  se,rtan  mode  ov  rjtig. 

Sert-hand  ie  too  fiffrt  hwen  de  abreviated  forrra  \z  «de,r 
danj^rusli  ambigt^us,  inconvenyqnt,  or  ov  r^r  ocurqns.  $ 
da.rfor  cefion  de  lqrn§r  not  tu  adopt  widowt  dij  consid^ra- 
fion  s^rtan  contracfions  j  sujest  and  sumtjme  f jnd  yi^sful, 
but  hwiq  ma  be  mu<j  improovd  heraftqr.  i  refqr  espefiali 
to  secfionz  125,  126,  129,  133-143,  149-151,  174-9,  185-7, 
189;  hwiq  o.r  qefli  dowtful  on  de  feqrd  grownd.  f  bilev 
j  hav  avoyded  de  roc  on  hwiq  "Standard  Fonografi"  haz 
bin  rect— danjgrns  ambigxyti. 


STENOFONOGRAFEB. 


1.  Du/ig  at  yera  ov  ecsperiqns  aa  a  prof  efional  reporter, 
1  hav  cajfuli  studid  de  improovmgnt  ov  Fonografi;  and  now 
deajr  tu  embodi  de  result  ovdat  studi  and  ecsperiqns  in  suq 
a  form  dat  ud.}ra  ma  profit  \)\  it,  if  da  wil.     And  oldo  d^r 
ma  be  sum  inconvenycjiisea  in  yqaig  a  sistem  difejrig  from, 
tfat  now  tert  bj  ud^ra,  [  belev  dat  al  ho>  dea^r  tu  l^rn  fono- 
grafi  ferr  constant  yn,s,  wil  f^nd  dat  mj  labora  hav  not  bin 
in  van. 

In  errdgr,  however,  tu  mac  de  wurc  mor  yijaful,  j  hav 
mad  an  aranjm^nt  wid  mi  asofiiats  in  de  ofifial  reportig  in 
4e  Senat  ov  de  Yunjted  Stats  dn,rig  a  lq,rj  porfion  ov  dat 
tim,  tu  ad  me  bj  furnifiig  sujesqona,  statm^nts  ov  dar  on 
mefooda  ov  rjtig,  and  dar  vii,3  wid  regq,rd  to  de  moda  adopt- 
ed in  de  Manual,  and  olso  wid  regq,rd  to  doa  recomended 
bj  me.  cEar  sujesqona,  toged^r  wid  mj  on  coments  in  con- 
«cfion  dqrwid,  wil  be  plast  in  separat  qaptgra,  at  convenygnt 
intqrvala,  defqrig  dar  coraensra^nt  until  j  fial  hav  lad  down 
de  fundamental  prinsipla  ov  unabreviated  rjtig. 

2.  <Iis  wurc  ia  deajnd  tu  acompani  de  Qmerican  Manu- 
al ov  Fonografi,  to  hwiq  continual  ref^rqns  wil  be  mad,  (in 
bracets,)  and  hwiq  de  Iqrnqr  fiud  atentivli  red,  adoptig  suq 
porfiona  aa  q,r  not  inconsistent  wid  de  instrucfiona  imeflatli 
foloig  suq  refcjrqnsea.     But  hwjl  it  wil  be  an  advantaj  to  de 
Bti^dqnt  tu  understand  how  tu  red  erl  cinda  ov  fonografi,  he 
fiud  rijidli  conf  jn  hia  rjtig  ecsgrsjaea  to  de  stjl  herin  lad  dowiu 
in  errdfjr  tu  ave-yd  de  femuafion  ov  injiirius  habits. 


S  T  ENOPnONOGRAPHER . 


'  LESNl.     [1—4.]     3s  Consonants. 

3.  cle  consonants  qr  unqanjd,  ecseptig  dat  de  stroc-sjna 
ferr  y,  w,  and  b;  adopted  resgntli  widowt  sufifignt  rean,  j 
reject.  (Se  Obg^rvaSong,  Capte,r  1.)  Eit  de  remanig  con- 
sonants, widowt  jerynig,  in  de  errde/  in  bwiq  da  ocur  in  de 
foloig  pasaj,  ov^r  and  c>ve,r,  until  yoo  can  rjt  dem  el  widowt 
to  de  alfabet. 


Ecsersiz.  —  flrma  vjrnmcwecano  Troje  cwj  primus  ab  oris 
Italiam,  fato  profilgus:  Lavinia  venit 
Litora.    Multum  ils  et  tcris  jactatus  et  alto, 
Vj  Supgrum,  ssve  memorem  Junonis  ob  jram. 
idem  de  tows  oclows,  anebe  js  to  oros;  cqy  catisantos  ertow, 
prosglton  eto,  hery  matstqy  ertow.     Cay  anerycsas  to  stoma  etow, 
edidascen  e-tows,  legon:  —  Macarie-y  he-y  tocery  to  numatj,  hotj 
eton  estin  he  basil^a  ton  owranon. 

Let  yoor  best  ritn  manuscript  ^q  da  be  selected  aa  a  redig 
ecstjrsja,  not  tu  be  lad  osjd  until  it  baa  bin  red  alowd  wid- 
owt heaitafion  upon  bre  difcjrcjnt  daa.  Suq  redig  ecs^rsjaea 
wil  doo  yco  mor  gud  dan  eni  hwicj  cud  be  engravd. 


LESNZ.     [5—11]     &t  Fowelz. 

4.  3e  vowel  seal  baa  bin  increst,  and  dife/^ntli  aranjd. 
P^rsnz  IIOD  prefer  a  smo-l^r  number  ov  vowela,  can  omit  aa 
meni  aa  da  Qooa;  but  de  aranjmgnt  ia  esenfial  to  de  sistem. 
(SlfObae/vafiona,  qapt^r  1.)  Ferr  conveny^ns  ov  refe/tjns  i 
wil  now  present  de  bol  f onografic  alfabet  in  a  condenst  ta- 
biilar  form,  from  nwiq  de  stq,d^nt  can  select  from  da  to  d  a 
hwot  he  recwjra,  in  foloig  de  lesna  from  de  Maniial. 


BTENOPHONOGKAPHEB. 

FQNOGRAFIC  ALFQBET. 


Consonants. 

\\!  I//  -- 

p    b    t    d    Q    j      eg 


f    v    t>  d  s  a    fi    g 


mp 


Vowela. 


ei  a  e 


r  o  oo  ceu 

NIX 


-q,  a  §  u 


we  wi,  wa  &s.  war  err  wq  &$• 


yeyi  yaye  &s-  ye-  &i  yq,  &s- 


I    ow    oy       1?},    wow 

5.  tie  dafi  vowela  branq  owt  from  de  stroc  at  an  atjgl 
ov  45°;  or  o,  &s-,  branqig  owt  f  errwqrda,  and  q  a,  &s',  branq- 
Ig  owt  bacwarda.  In  apljig  de  vowela  to  de  curv  strocs,  da 
fiud  form  an  atjgl  ov  45°  wid  de  cerrd  ov  de  qrc;  so  dat  de 
daS  wil  be  mad  presjali  de  sam  to  f,  v,  err  r,  aa  to  p  and  b. 


r 


do     do     so      SOP      doo     ob 


od      go      mo 


r  i-  .1  \. 


(• 


da     ad 


£e      sa      ea    da      me 


ma 


V 


J'  / 


ne 


na 


ev        fie        fioo 


JOS 


Ritig  Ecsersiz. — Jo,  pe,  ap,  eg,  c«,  al,  U3,  od,  fo,  ler,  ecr  ad,  aj, 
ej,  oc,  to,  ap,  eb,  ot,  ga,  am,  ac,  oa,  bo,  lo,  eui,  op,  or,  ha,  fe,  per, 
tr,  ma,  it,  crt,  at,  do,  jq,  am,  met,  up,  dui,/e,  la,  ter,  qn,  no. 


4  BTBKOPHONOGKAPHE1T. 

LESAT3.     [12,  13,  IS.]     <Zf  Diftoyz  and  Aspirtt. 

6.  IE  rjt  de  difbcrga  j,  ow,  wid  de  paralel  Ijt  daS.     <3>r 
j  hav  not  bert  it  nesesari  tu  qanj.     But  de  constant  recur<jns 
ov  de  pronown  j,  macs  it  esenfial  dat  it  fiud>  be  ritn  wid  a 
singl  dafi.     3.e  yqs  ov  dafiez  udtjrwja  apropriated  ia  an  ecs- 
pediqnt  hwiq  practis  demonstrats  tii  be  unsownd.    (Se  Ob- 
z^rvafiona.) 

v  ^  x  r   .r,    >  ^ 

bow      vow        hjv        d"i        jdea        hjr        Ej 

J^'fij;  Ecsersiz.  —  Mj,  d[,  nj,  eery,  cow,  pi,  alow,  jery,  do  w,  bow; 
SE  OWT  bory,-  pa  dj  vow;  go  b[  at  ev;  JE  ma  ad  us  if  Je  no  owr  am? 
/E  m»be  ga  do  aj  m*  bs  n{;  so  j  am  no  ju;  J*  ma  £t  up  owr  pi- 

7.  2e  simplest  nj,l  for  rjtig  de  aspirat  ia,  tu.  rit  it  ner  ds- 
vowel  to  hwiq  it  belo-ga,  but  furdjr  from  de  stroc. 


Ecsmiz.  —  ^Hcm,  hal,  he},  huf,  tmg^,  hum,  horn,  hug,  hit? 
hevi,  hip,  hed,  hat,  hoi,  hul,  holi;  j  ma  hjd  at  owr  hows;  it  m*  b» 
BO;  his  at  no  nu  jdsa;  jo  no  heti  an  [  am  holi  mi  on  ad. 


[14  —  20.]     On  Joyniy  is  Consonants  , 

8.  Rsrjt  de  f  erst  ecsgrsj^^  jeryrag  de  consonants,  and  o- 
mitig  y  w  h  and  de  vo-wela,  until  yoo  can  r^t  it  redili. 

9.  flen  tac  de?  unvocalj^d  manuscripts  and  insert  erl  d» 
vowela  in  dar  proper  plasea,  stil  omitig  y  w  and  h. 


Ecsers'iz.  —  Dor,  bac,  peg,  gat,  vali,  qrc,  lej,  la/,  mag,  me/, 
meni,  lam,  lif,  tic,  oldo,  publicli,  puaj^nsi,  benigniti,  bue-cspig, 
efeminatli,  inefecquili,  pecadilo,  ipecacuanha,  abominat,  botanic, 
Abednego,  fermula,  vivif[,  moaomania.  tomaherc,  Ijvlih  ud, 
eacomium,  dq>,  dav,  abod.  Bj.m.i  ar  dut  muiv  abuv  luu 


BfENOPHONOGRAPHER.  » 

LESN  5.     [21—8.]     3e  Up-strocs. 

10.  Insted  ov  de  n^la  givn  in  de  Manual,  ferr  r  1  and  E 
i  hav  lerg  yq,8d  wid  grat  advantaj  de  foloig  :  — 

R,  L,  and  X,  if  preseded  bj  a  vowel  tac  de  downward 
form;  if  folod  bj  a  vowel,  da  tac  de  upward  form;  and  if 
bab  preseded  and  folod  bj,  vowela,  de  ecstqrnal  —  err  in  de 
midl  ov  a  wurd,  defoloig  —  vowel  govijrna  deform. 


tscrs'iz.  —  Form,  u  j;  rcdem,  recli,  ridm,  ravrrj,  rerg.  rnijc, 
rig;  boro,  feri,  movo,  teoii,  naro,  cari,  mcmori;  puriti,  raaraj,  tirani; 
rotari,  retjn  repd,  revsl,  real,  ^rl;  rsali,  e;rli,  rufll;  l[c,  al[c:  harj, 
raj,  ra/o,  Hora/o,  Jalo,  daf,  efi/^nsi;  arjv,  harai),  hqrc,  qnni,  ?rb, 
hqrti,  roc,  rium,  rop,  rub,  r|t  Boro  no  muni  rajli. 

11.  L,  unconected  wid  anudgr  stroc,  ia  olwaa  struc  np. 
X,  unconected  wid  anudyr  stroc,  ia  olwaa  struc  down.  R 
foloa  de  r\i\,  tacir)  de  upward  form  hwen  no  vowel  preseda 
it;  but  de  downward  form  hwen  vowela  presed  and  folo. 

Ritiy  Ewrsiz.  —  81,  aj.  holi,  rj,  ru,  TO,  sr,  er,  Jo,  |ua,  eror,  ror, 
«rrora,  rait/a.  Hop,  $j  ra  ma  hel  me.  Her  me  tumoro,  do  m[ 
eror  tuda  mac  dj  tsr  ferl.  Zo  ms  no  fat  if  [  am  holi  rerrj. 

a.  (Jl  paragrafs  mq,rct  wid  italic  let$ra  ov  ref^rqns  Jud  bs  omited 
nntil  dt  revn  recomendcd  inlesn  19,  aa  da  antisipat  fucjur  lesnz. 

b.  Hwen  a  wurd  runa  belo  Ht  Ijn,  dg  upward   forrma  ma  bs 
yiiad  at  discrejon:  aa,  prepaR,  catsd  raL,  farweL,  JURVJV,  aLjebra, 
pq,Rti,  iLustrat,  iLU^triu^,  imstrafon,  eKtodocs,  e-Rtografi. 

epi,  p^RQ,  pOR<j,  bciRb,  eupj,  eLipdcaZ,  eraboRai, 
puRpo?.  paiidw,  ab^ernb,  obrquv,  b^ag,  bq,Rc,  bejRt,  teR(j,  dqnt,  al- 
*OLV,  puiuja?,  de?<5Rv,  (jcitRJ,  giLti,  foRt,  faRdirj,  ffflLti,  f/qRta/o»j 
yuauRp,  mq,R<3,  nrjRsi,  mqR/. 

c.  3.K  foloig  wurda  j  rit  wid  R?,  oldo  no  vowel  fo^oa:  — 
Pictorial,  p-jrl,  peril,  pZiiral,  bcrial,  barel,  teri^orial,  tw^rl.  tem- 

jjoral.  corporeal,  curl,  coral,  cworel,  colatqrol,  gqrl,  ferfijral,  furl  , 
l,  etrrial,  .rtcril,  .r^derial,  scwqrel,  senatorial,  imperial,  mammal, 
l,  Lerrel,  mediatorial,  moral,  mcirl,  memorial,  nqrl. 


6  8TENOPBTONOGRAPHEB. 

d.  L  foloirj  a  hue,  a  curv  and  a  se^rcl,  er  /,  tnrna  in  de  eaiest 
direcjon;  aa,  must,  ECSL,  yu'niwjrsaL,  preriiwli,  *jmui^aniusli,  so- 
SaL,  na/awaL,  iu^'ma/waL,  mtri^,  profa*Li,  RU.SL,  Eili^waL,  Zei., 
ZGL,  Zex,  dwmijaL,  damrei.,  domisir/  ra/onal. 

e.  Derivative  and  frazEograma  jengroli   tac  At  form  ov  dar 
primitm:  az,    sioraj,  Jjni,  'conjiwnc*,    'comijon^r,  rerf^r,  atowd, 

wiL-bs,  weLada,  wei,nj,  lodston,  led^r,  hoLsai., 


/.  Negativg  comensig  wid  ir-  and  il-  oba  At  ml,  and  q,r  das 
distingwijt  widowt  dificulti  from  dar  poaitiva.  3s  foloig  fir  ds 
mor  imperrtant:  — 

Legal,  liberal,  lejitimat,  lojical,  limitabl,  lit»rat,  lejibl. 
Ka/onal,  rEclamabl,  recov^rabl,  regular,  relevant,  relijua,'  reao- 
lut,  reproqabl,  respectiv,  rer^rqnd,  rcvocabl,  reconsjlabl,  refutabl, 
reparabl,  rspresibl,  redsmabl,  rezistibl,  remediabl. 

g.  Negativa  comensig  wid  in-,  un-  and  iin-  ma  DE  distingwift 
from  dar  poaitivs  bj  dublig  de  fqrst  consonant. 

Moral,  memorial,  modqrat,  matgrial,  mortal,  mravabl,  mutabl> 
modest,  mesurabl,  metodical. 

Num^rabl,  noc/us:  non,  nesesari,  numb^rd,  narigabl,  naqural, 
nqrvd,  noinli. 

h.    d.t  foloig  wurda  qr  adijonol  ecsep/ona  to  de  ml,  alowd  ed§r 
tu  secixr  a  distiijtiv  sccleton,  err  wun  mor  conveny^nt:  — 
U  struc  down:  —  ~Rsd,  reteorpefct,  reiribii/o»,  re&m,  ridl,  r£RJt, 
rez?,'Rvwtn;   retunn,  regq'rd,    re«;R<3,    reruReic/on,   rct- 
,  rctnoseA,  i-etRoscfon,  re^t'r*.  res&rt,  rjf/,  ^eremoni. 
R  strac  up:  —  WUR/C/,  ptuR,  ^nmn,  ec^qR^,  jqEvu?,  ^Rt,  WUR», 
*,  wuRdi,   erRMom^»#,  snf^R,  efoR?,   as^R^an,  st^Rq,  sqRfi/) 
d,  s^Rrifj,  ^qRiificat,  merR^if[,  mopR^al,  yes<cjRda,  eg^^R/, 
^R»,  m%R$a.nt,  pqRjecitf,  mqRce<;  RepOR<;  asitmetic. 
L  struc  down:  —  Lesn,  llsqas,   langwi/,  lirjgwol,  lonji^nd,  colum» 
iafelec?,  i 


STEXOrilONOGRAPHER.  7 

L  struc  up: — OiA),  oLwaa,  lieLp,  eLshwar,  heil,  wert,  alowd, 
cnieLti,  *teLti,  *OLJ°r,  RCZUL?,  RG^OLV,  iLurtrius,  imrfra/bw. 

Z  struc  down: — Zer,  for,  Jscr,  Jow^r,  Juc,  Jac,  /oc,  Jam,  Juf/,  /uW, 
Jit'fjr>  'conjie'njus,  'coflfie'n/u^neJ. 

K.  els  prinsipal  wurda  obaig  de  ru,l  or  coiitand  in  ds  foloii)  ta- 
bla,  hwiq  Jud  be  copid  as  rjlig  and  rsdig  ecsqrsjaea. 

No  wurd  ia  repeted ;  wurda  bsle-ijig  to  mor  dan  wun  tabl  beirj 
plast  in  ds  fgrst  in  hwiq  da  ocur. 

ele  distigjon  ov  plas  wil  bs  mqvct  aa  fqr  aa  it  ia  nesesari  tu  bs 
obaqvvd;  but  in  feni  and  infrscw^nt  wurda  it  ia  jenqrcdi  best  tu  qerij 
ds  habit  ov  putig  dem  in  de  plasea  ov  dar  dominant  vowela. 


WURDZ  CONTANItf  E,  L,  AND  E. 
Tabl  1.     Wurch  ov  2  Comonants. 

R  iniful — struc  up.  Rgp,  rip,  rjip,rape,  ropi:-repa,  rop,  rap:-rap. 
Eib,  mbi:-rub,  rol:-rob,  rabj.  Rit,  ruit,  rjot:-ii,t,  rat,  rot,  rut:- 
rect,  rot,  vat,  rowt.  Rid,  rjd,  rud,  ruid,  ifdi:-red,  redi,  rod,  rudi:- 
rod,  rowdi:  rsq,  ri^:-req:  rr:-raj:  rec,  ric,  ruc:-rac,  rec:-roc,  rac: 
rig:-rog,  rag:-rag.  Rs;f,  nuf,  qft-raf:  revu:-rav,  rov:  ret:- 
rat,  rert:  red,  r[d:  rja,  ijs,  rua:-raa,  ras,  roa:-  row?,:  rasi:  roai: 
ruj,  raj:  rdfii:  rui^.  Re  :-rar,  ror:  rel,  ril,  reryol,  recyl,  nil:- 
rcal,  ral,  rol:-rowcl:  mli,  re-yali:-raali,  r£la:-rali:  rsm,  ruim, 
rum,  rim,  rjm:-rom,  rum:-ram:  rjn:-ran,  1'en,  run,  ron:-ran: 
rsnu,  ijno:-ruin,  rani:  rig:-rerr);  rui):-rag. 

R  wicl  a  voioel  prssecliy — struc  down.  Yujop,  wecrp,  hq,rp,  hor- 
pi:  l'£rbj:-qrb,  errb:-hwarb[:  arjt:-hurt,  qrt,  hqrt:  hqrti,  h\vacr- 
at:  hgrd,  wurd,  hard,  waward:-hqrd,  yard,  word,  awerd:  horid, 
hurid,  hqrdi,  wurdi,  avid:  arg:  uvj:  heroic:- wurc:- qrc,  hqrc: 
qrgu,  qrgo.  flevifj,  hovif[,  hwenf:  hsrov:-  ar[v:-  hwarov: — > 
hqrt.  herwid:—  liwanvid.  hera,  era,  wjra,  h|ra,  avja,  jris:—  area, 
eras,  hors,  INJVF:-  hwaraa,  haras,  he-vs,  arowa,  wara,  ares:  hsr- 
sa:-heresi:-wa;hows:  hqrj,  Hgrqr,  arer:-eror:-horor,  wffriov- 
orqii,  erora:  aerial:- oval,  fjil,  liuvl,  hwqrl:  wsrili;- qrli,  warili, 
orali:  qrmi:-wuvm,  aroma:- wo-rm,  qrm,  hqrm:  herin,  jron,  hc- 
roin:-ytjrn,  ^ra,  worn,  avan;-hwarin,  werni,  hefrn,  yq,rn:  (roni:- 
areua:  herii);-erii),  herirj:-haraij,  a 


STE  JTOPHOKOSB  A  PH  E*. 

L  inifal  —  struc  up.  Lep,  lip;-  lap,  lop:  lobi:  ladi:  Isq;-  laq; 
l8J;-lej;-loj:  luc,  IEC,  lic;-lic,  lac,  luci;-lac,  loc.  L£f;-ljf,  lof;- 
letf:  lev,  liv;-luv,  lava:  lud,  lad:  lazi:  laj.  Lur,  Iir;-la§rr 

1  stjrj-lerygr,  lacn    leryal,  lul:    lili,  loli;    lim,  Ijm,  luim;-lam,  lorn, 
him:     Ijon:     lerg. 

L  wiii  a  rowl  prrxcd'tj  —  ittritr  down.  Elop:  clbo,  alihi:  yu- 
Ioji;-alej,  eleji:  elc,  aljc.  Wulf,  alaif;-elf,  alfu:  aljv,  alu- 

via,  oliv.         Alq,)".     Uwil:    halelnya:    elm,  hclin,  alum:      wiliy, 
aleri). 

X.  inifa'  —  *truc  up.  S£p,  Jip;-Jap,  /ipo;-/op:  |abi:  Jato:  /;ida. 
Kt-f:  /av,  fuv:  Jst:  \I(L 

2  toid  a  vowel  pressdiy  —  atruc  down.     Jtjor,  wijlg. 
R  and  L  hues.     [Sg  Lcsn  6:  tabl  ov  iaijal  hucs.J 

R  final  —  struc  down.  A  per,  per,  pq,r;-par,  powgr,  por,  par— 
b«r,  bjtjr,-bor,  bur,  boc^-abhe-v,  lirwar,  bqr,  bowqr:  tgr,  tjr,  atir, 
twr;-tor,  watiqr,  liot<jr;-tar,  tovvyr,  tur,  owtwar:  duigr,  djr,  wido- 
^rj-dsr,  dar.  dor,  ador;-dow§r:  gs;r,  qar,  qor.  <jq,r:  J£r.  jq,r.  cwsr. 
t,-wjr,  cohtr.  cu,r;-car-  cor)  cur;-acw[r,  ccir,  cowqr:  ger,  gor.  — 
Fjr,  fusr,  fsr,—  far,  afar,  for,  fur,  fqr:  vtr,  heviqn  ser.  sjr,  sur,- 
s§r,  sor,  swor;-swar  sowr:  [sor,  asaqr:  rsi^r.  wja^r,  huaqr.  — 
Muir,  mayor,  mar.  mq,r:  n[^r,  enihwar,  nar,unawar,  nohwar. 

R  wi£  a  vowel  foloirj  —  struc  up.  Opqra,  pari:  bu.ro;-boro,  beri, 
huro,  baro:  tjro,  tori,  tari:  d[ari,  dari,  dowri:  ^ari,  ^cri:  jqri, 
Hejj.ra.  hejro:  cweri,  hicori;-cari,  curi;-cwori:  gori,  Fjri. 

fiiri;-  fari,  t'uro:  feri,  t'ora:    vari.  aviari:    teori.  turo:    sori,  soro, 
swerra:    yq,gi;ri.    iMiri;-meri,  man;-^noro,  maro^    naro,  unwari. 


L  final  —  struc  do  ton.  Apsl.  pel  pil,  puiT,  pul,  pjl;-pal,  pol,  opal; 
aperl:  bil,  beryl.  b[l.  bul;-bal,  bel,  bewaT.  bol;-bed:  te-yl.  tjl.  tuil; 
tal,  tol,  hotel;-tffl,  towel:  jdsal/diiel,  dual,  djalj-dsl.  dwel,  dul;- 
dol:  cjil:  juol,  jil,  coujsl:-  jal:  cil,  cuil,  cwil.  csl;-  scwal.  col, 
<:wal,  cwcl:-cowl:  g|l,  gal.  gol,  ge-1.  Fil.  fjl,  feryl,  foil. 

facl;-fsl,  fal.  fel.  fol;-fowl,  ferl:    vjl,  vial,  vcl:-  val,  aval,  avowal, 
vowel:       hwisl.  asal,  Imsl:      weal,  sach-haal.  Md.  mil,  mjL 

iiiq,!;—  mal.  mol:    ncl.  nal,  nel,  iubal,  unwcl,  anel. 

L  wicl  a  vowel  fol.oiy  —  struc  up.  Puli,  pilo.  bapili:  bilo,  bjlfr;- 
bdo.  belo,  beli:  witili.  watili,  tali,  talo,  owtler,  liotli,  hertili:  dnii, 
widli,  dali,  dda,  dali,  odli:  qili:  hujli,  ;eli,  joii:  wsc-li,  tcwali:  — 
eali,  gali.  Folo,  felo,  foli,  falo:  hevili,  vali,  voli:  e»ili,  wj«li.  — 
Melo.houili,  houiili:  uuli.  uuiioii. 


TABLES    OF    R    AND    L. 


?.  fr'a>  —  ft.ru  f  ilmon.     Pu/:     beryl/,  buj,  aba/:     hwjtij,  hwjtwoj: 
dij.  duj:    jnij:     <§a/.  FiJ.  Me/.  ma/.  muf:     na/. 

A'  «w7  a  cow/  folo:y  —  -Uritc  tip.     Bu/i.  ba/ff:     ti/q,.     Nff/sa. 
In  /If  folerir)  tabl,  r,  /,  and/  wil  onli  bs  mqrct  hwcn  ritn  wid  a 
hue:  in  tf\  ud'.jr  case*.  da  obn  &  nil. 

7W/  2.      Wunls  o"  mar  <1;in  2  Consonant*. 


R  ittifnj  —  vtmc  up.  Rspar,  rgapEi-  repire-tunt;  r|pn,  rcpjn,  rr- 
cipn,  rapen;  rtpubiiic:  rubi/;  robqri:  ratifj;  rjtli,  ratal,  rail,  reU- 
lint;  rittjr,  rctir,  rstras,  rsittjrat,  retort,  r?tcirdj  rutoric.  retract;  retan  ' 
ritn,  ritii),  rctentiv,  rotund,  rota/on;  rjthand,  rjtaijg/:  redub/d,  rid- 
icq/,  radica/;  rediis,  reduc/on;  redolent,  rudimqnt,  redundant:  rj- 
qu»,  riyez:  rejeryj,  rejon,  rgjqnsi:  react,  reac/on,  rccovqr,  reco-1 
rcceryl:  —  rigonw,  reginlar.  Befp.  rufiaw;  rever,  rivqr.  rev^rs, 

rovqrgns:  revj_l,  revel,  revel,  revolt;  revolu/on,  revela/on,  revnl/on: 
rist,  ruist,  rest,  rust,  rost;  restor,  restora/oa,  restorativ;  rustic, 
restrict,  restran,  restles,  resevqr,  re^es,  rese/on,  razor,  rozari;  rezolut, 
reijolu/on;  reaum,re?,emibl;  rean,  reajn,  rssgnt.  recent:  ra/on.  Kariti, 
rarifj,.  rarli,  ree-rganJE,  rehcjrs:  je/aps;  realiti,  re-yalti,  re/at,  re/at- 
ig,  re/ativ;  relijus,  rcelijiW;  relic,  relict,  ree/ect,  re/acs,  re^acsa/on, 
ree/ee/on,  re/uctant;  refef,  rdev,  re/evant;  re/es,  rea/ja,  rea/jaa/on, 
r£(i/JKin;  reli/;  ra/gri,  ra/wa;  re/m;  reZent,  re/entles,  reZjans;  ralin. 
reliflicwi/:  remit,  remat,  mmatic;  reman,  remind,  ramqnt,  reman- 
dqr,  remnant:  rent,  rownd,  rant,  rend,  rowndabowt,  render;  ranj; 
rins,  rana,  rung;  ransid,  ransac,  ransom. 

R  loicl  a  vowl  prfssr/iy  —  strw  down.  Herapow,  hwacrupow,  hor- 
puiw;  Eruj)/o«,  irupfon:  herabow*,  hwarabowf,  orbit;  q,rbifQr,  ar- 
bifra/f»;  §rbq/u*;  qrbor,  harbor;  horib/,  werrW,  araW;  hq,rbinJQr 
iri<:ib/,  iri-ta?,  iriH-te"'.  ivita/ow;  heriifaj;  eratic,  heretic,  qrtic/.  ora- 
<orica/,  articula*;  qrtifi^,  q,rtifi/u'l;  hurtfu/,  q,rtfnl,  hq,rtfe/?;  qrti«n 
ri,  orator,  oratori;  hcirtren/A//;  ciitle*,  htirde*;  eraium:  <irdor. 
,  eni-dU.  crudi/?m;  hercflfitari.  qrdor.  luirrfcr. 

werrdw. 


19  STENOPHOXOGRAFHEE. 

qrfjbi/op.    qrgqri.    urc;i«.  ctrgnes:         ffiji^;  orijiw,  orijina/,  urjqnt. 

urjqnsi:    ereci.  erec/b»,  heroica/  orach    argiinifj/tf;  hjerogfifioy. 

OrifiJ,  werrfar,  hwarfor,  erfaw:  arjyaZ,  hqrvert,  arv&yel:  hwar- 
wider/:  wurrf,  are*£,  aristoicrasi;  hwawoewjr;  arlzn,  horjrn,  hori- 
zontal; qwenic:  wurjip:  £13311?-.  Hjerqrci:  herald,  ep-Woni; 
horoloji;  werrljc;  hwqrhviwrf;  hjrHr),  arleri):  hqrini/,  wxirmwud; 
aromadc,  hqrmerica/;  anuo'r,  qnnori;  ^nni»,  hqrmoui;  woraw?.  a-, 
rowwrf,  eran?,  erand,  aran?,  worawte,  woran^ab/,  oriental;  ara?y, 
ora»j;  eroneus,  qrn&yf,  qmoy^no?;  ara'wmq^;. 

Z  inifal — struc  up.  Lap*;  lepqr,  lepar^:  lob*^r;  ljba_/b»;  labor, 
libtjrti,  lib<jra<;  labomfori;  lib^j-tsw;  lubricai.  lerbracgr;  labefriu*;  li- 
b^ra/ow,  ljbra/o»;  laborer,  Ijbmri;  libq?-al;  labiriut;  Ijab/,  labial, 
label,  lj.be/;  lj_belu^:  laritu«?;  litiju*;  litiga^;  leti^f,  lati?,  li/-hows; 
Ijtram;  litqr,  Ijt^r;  let^r,  latqr,  leytqr,  lo^ri;  litq?-qte;  litqmgur,  li- 
turji,  lit^mri,  litqml,  lat^-al;  Ikl,  laili;  lj<n,  lati??,  litani,  la^qn^  lu- 
tenant,  l[<De*,  Ijinir):  Iffdib/;  ledatori;  ludicrus;  ladijip;  lad^r;  la- 
d£;  ladw,  led»,  lerdanum:  laqei:  lejibl;  lejifima/;  lojic;  lejwlagur; 
lej^r,  lojer,  lej^rAmaw;  IEJOM,  leje^rf:  lnc\ihrafo>/;  locat,  loceti 
licwid,  licwidat;  lewjiir;  kcaj;  licwifi;  lac*,  lac^iti,  locwaiiti,  lo- 
cust;  lecsicow;  l[cwjs:  locwajus;  *'.^rcum-locil/o>?,  \&cafon;  Iqc^r, 
licor,  lac^»-;  lucrariv;  lucwerm;  Ijcli,  locqZ;  locomq/bw;  IJCM;  la- 
cowic:  lugnbriu*;  legate;  ligagu/;  legasi;  lega/o»;  lugjiiri,  lug- 
gsurius;  loga?-itmr;  legal;  ligament;  ligneus.  LqfaW, 
,  Ijfbo^;  le-fti,  left,  Iqftqr,  Ijftim;  lerfu/;  Ijfle*:  leviti;  liridj 
levjataw;  lavi/;  le^^r.  luvqr,  liv^n;  leve/,  luvli;  lev»:  litografi;  le- 
tq?-ji:  lod*um:  li?p;  Isstj  list,  lest,  Inst,  Ivst,  l&s\\t,  hi*ti; 
luster;  lusid;  lamias;  la^rai;  Ipsum;  laai;  lizard:  luftw: 
Livrid;  limpid;  limbqr,  lumb^?-;  limit;  linifatic;  lemo»;  lame^V,  Iq- 
miua?;  leniti,  lend,  land;  lunatic;  lundscap;  line,  Iqnq,  lunq:  linsaj! 
low«um;  linear;  linsavi^nt;  linen;  lenyejnt;  liqc;  liggqr,  legt. 

L  will  o.  vowel  presedig — struc  down.  81op;  clap*:  alibj,  elbo; 
album:  alt-itii^;  ol^r.  oltar,  welter,  ultra;  ilit^ra^:  ol^rcaybn;  ol- 
t^rafon,  alitgra/<?»;  alt^rnat;  ultima^:  oldest,  ol^r,  ok/en;  olrf«jr- 


TABLES    OF   B    AND    L.  II 

man:  yulajium;  alejyans:  elect,  alicwot;  elecitrisiti;  alcov;  tlic- 
•ftq  rhslic,?;  zlccfon,  e\oc\\fou;  alcohol,  alcalj;  alcemi;  elocwtjnt; 
aligator;  alegafon;  alegori;  oligarci;  ilzgal;  elegant.  Alfabe^;  al- 
sviat,  elevat;  aliivia/;  elev«:  glmt,  iliwt;  ela-ydc;  elu*ida?;  eliiny, 
ilil*iv;  ulsqmfon-  haliinnnfon:  digyaw:  elre'tS;  alqri;  alqrm: 
haleLuya:  helmed;  eleEmo^inari;  alimoni;  ilnmiaat,  element,  ali- 
mqnt,  alm^nt;  eleincnitari,  alimentari;  olmawac;  almonqn  alyen- 
at,  wolntrt;  elegga^  alyena/o«;  wilignc^. 

£  inifal — stntc  up.    Zephqr<7;  Jiprec;  JapLe«    Jutl:    /ad^r:    fa- 

cl;  /icanqri:    Jilgar;  /ag/iw:    Jifr,  /aft:     Jii?^/-;  Jived /i. 

^ZOT'C/  a  vowel  presedig—struc  down.    Wijfu?:     ajamc/. 

R  itttgrmediat,  str/tc  up.    Pefrifj;  pjraf,  upmi#,  uprj^,  op^ra?,  pu- 

riti,  pariti;  period,  parad,  parodi;  peraj;  pqrifj;  poro^iti,  paraqt, 

parwjd;    parasol;    peri/,  parij;  op°rafon;  upror;  pnirig?^;  pvigril, 

parol;  parcftic;  para/j^;  para/el:     obc?nrasi;  berid;  barraq,  barac^; 

berev;  bariqr,  barrqr,  boi-oqr;  oblit^at;  bare»,  barow:     terib/;  it^r- 

at,  turef,  owtr^;  owtraj;  tcracweus;  terif[,  tarif;  tera*;  tram?;  teror, 

teri*jr;  tirani,  ovvtruw,  tjrawf.  tOT$nt;  t^an*parqw<;  tol^rdbl,  to^i'coitj 

tempqrans;  timornr,    tcmeriti:     di^paraj;  deziroibl;  de^jru?;  derj_d; 

dcroga^ori;  derjv;  dq,ra/o»,  derijwr,  derc/ic<;  dura?w;  de/iriu*,  de/i- 

rium:    qerub;  qerubim;  qario<:       cwo<fraw<;  ec^periqw*;  awelera?; 

acurai,  cara^,  care/;  cored;  caraj;  caravan;  curiu?,  care*,  acurasi; 

cwsrirf;  curiqr,  carer,  cariqr;  cworam;    cobergM/,  curq»<.  cura?zt; 

clerical:    egrilantf;  egr'ajfjrat        Fo^foric;  feref;  foraj;  forum,  fo- 

rew,  KuriJ:    vjcariu*;  variaW;  veriti,  Tarjcti;  vcrif[;  variu*,  vera^iti, 

voradti;  veraju*,  vora/u*;  orqn-jd,  orej?T£<j,  or^rml.  orqrrnn;  vir- 

nlqnt.  vini^ns:  teoi^.  terrirt:    jpurin^,   'eon^pirasi;  e-steriti;  *t£r- 

aj;  historic,  his^erics;  as£ro»omi;  *qmp:  Jeraf;  Jeralyo;  *jrew,  Je- 

rs?z;  wreniti,  ^erenarf;  jeleriti:  em/m-ic;  emperor,  empre-i;  embara*; 

ma^uriti;    ml?ml,  meri<;  maraj;     moroco;    miror;  memorawf/um; 

mare?/:    narat,  iiarayow. 

R  ii' termed! at,  struc  doicn.    Port,  pqrf,  apqrt;  upward:    boicf , 
rJ:  bvurw,  bor»,  bur?/,  ber«.  bar«,  bar#:    terrt,  tj.r^,  owtwan/; 


12  8TENOPHONOGRAPHER, 

tnrci,  owtwurc;  tnntfarrm:     dEform;  "disrarm;  di?qr«;  dgrt,   d ,.. 
dir«,  adaw;  downwiri    <j  irt;  wojwu'c?:     ecfp-j-t,  ecfp-^rt.  ec.«- 
pjrc?;  ecstarrt;  cirp,  curb;  cq,rcis;  cargo;  cor?,  coqrs,  caqmv,  cor#- 
^r;  csrrrc:    c/jrc;  ctervay  utt  l^-^rj.  fjrj'jri;  f:rrc;  f.rrm,  fq,rm, 

fi.rsjd;  firloc;  ferrmjV;  ftrrm'ila;  f,r«;  .vuport,  ?port;  .?faart,  st'lird. 
•"t^rt:  ?iurfli;  rf  trr;  ^^rv;  .rtorm;  WSTM:  *is<  ;r»:  si?.orz.  ,»urp  w;  as- 
?•<,  asffrt,  *errt;  .mj;  .?qrcii;  Jcjrcu?;  *ircanic;  *qrc/;  .»qrcu/a<:  f^"C, 
Jtirf;  *urfa*;  .vurva,  survaor,  jw^rv:  jwerrdi;  jwerrm;  *urmj/;  *qr- 
mow,  »urmow«<;  smart.  Me^iir^:  mj«jrli;  wint/waref;  iufcrrm, 
yunifernr,  inward. 

[3is  tabl  wil  bs  contimid  hwen  de  rule  for  yuaig  ds  hues  Jal  bar 
bia  ecspland.     Ss  lesn  14.] 


LESNS.    Plus  and  Povfon. 

13.  At  dis  peryntde  reporter  degjrig  tu  y^a  de  cro«ni1d 
pap^r,  Eud  comens  ynaig  it  ecscl^sivli  for  hia  rjtig  ecsgr- 
sjaea,  regq,rdig    bob  plas  and  poaifion.     (Se  de  Qmerican 
Reporter  fe-r  1852-' 53.) 

14.  He  fore  plasea  ov  de  vowela  hwen  ritn  separatli  q,r, 
upon  de  Ijn,  abuv  de  Ijn,  and  belo  de  Ijn.     In  yxiaig  dubl- 
rq,ld  papgr,  (hwiq  ia  f q,r  prefqrabl,)  de  logr  Ijn  ia  dat  refqrd 
to;  de  upgr  Ijn  beig  plast  at  de  proper  hjt  for  de  botom  ov 
de  ftjrst  plas  strocs  and  de  top  ov  de  bgrd  plas  strocs.     Eni 
form  ma  be  ritn  in  fere  plasea,  de  end  ov  de  ftjrst  obljc  err 
perpendicular  str^c  beig  abuv,  upon,  or  belo  de  Ijn.     And 
hweneve,r  it  wil  render  vocaljaafion  in  reportig  unnesesari, 
a  wurd  fiud  be  ritn  in  de  plas  ov  its  dominant  vowel. 

15.  Fve  dominant  vowel  ov  a  wurd  ia  yugnali  an  ac- 
sented,  a  compownd,  er  an  ecstgrnal  vowel;  but  hwenev.-r 
eni  vowel  distiggwifiea  a  wurd  from  sum  ud§r,  it  becum-ide 


DISTINCTION  OF  PLACE.  13 

dominant  vowel,  unles  it  ocij,pj?!  de  sam  plas  wid  de  vowel 
ov  de  wurd  from  hwiq  it  ia  tu  be  distiggwifit,  hwen  sum 
udgr  vowel  in  wun  ov  de  wurda  must  be  selected  tu  govern 
de  plas,  or  tu  be  inserted  in  vocal  jain. 

16.  Re  inifial  vowel  ov  wurda  comensig  wid  em-,  en-, 
ecs-,  err  ega-,  ned  not  be  inserted. 

17.  It  wil  be  sen  dat  a  vowel,  err  a  horizontal  stroc,  ma 
be  ritn  upon  a  lovel  wid  de  top  ov  a  fe,rst  plas  pc;rpendicu,- 
lar  or  obljc  consonant.     %  cal  dis  de  aspirated  err  upejr  plas; 
aud  it  ma  be   yq,ad  for  wurda  contanig  an  aspirated  fcjrst 
plas  vowel;  aa,  hue0,  ce1,  ac2,  cow3. 


p1  p2  p5 


6t,  at,  etj,  a;,  ev,  Eg,  il,  scr,  et,  tua,  erf,  oa,  or, 
od,  pel,  JE,  jer,  me,  jn,  ter  lor,  rer,  rj,  ro,  ru,  bi,  mj,  bow,  boy,  eery,  ra 
vow,  jory,  owt,  her,  owr,  nat,  hsd,  hcd,  hst,  hat,  hit,  here,  hevi,  oc, 
huni.  hop,  liapi,  hat,  here,  h  v,  hjt,  ''uc,  hjr;  gsr1,  cam2,  psc/,  buc1, 
bac2,  bac:1,  dece-y1,  deca2,  dig1,  day'2,  dog1,  lep1,  lap:i. 

*.  SL&  distirj/oii  ov  wurda  bj  difji\ps  ov  plas  ia  ilustrated  ia  As 
foloii)  tabl,  hwig  compr^eg  erl  dat  it  ia  important  tu  distiygwi/iti 
dis  wa.  3c  clasificajja  ia  cntirli  ovferrm.  S.^t  wurda  and  fraaea 
ooli  qr  insqrtcJ,  IIWIQ  ma  bs  rita  ia  efrdiaari  reportirj  wi<lo\vt  vo- 
i:al^aa/oa.  It  laasamtjnu  be  fawad  <lat  a  frecw^ntli  recuriij  wurd 
wil  bs  sufijqntii  lejibl  hwen  unvocaliad,  i-ldo  tacig  a  ferrm  and  a 
plas  aprapriated  ia  tk  foloiy  tabl  to  ul  jr  wui-di;  but  sug  l;sQnse<s 
Jud  bs  veri  corjusli  tacn,  until  da  q,r  sag/on  I  bj  ecspm  ;ns. 

cts  rjt  sgrul  err  hue,  ia  dat  in  trasitj  iwig  de  uaiid  miuva  from 
left  to  r[t.  Hwen  it  stindi  alon,  As  r[t  s  -rcl  is  tu  bs  yiv'.d;  and 
0  ffr  o,  jerynd  to  IE  foloig  wurd,  /ud  be  ritn,  b[  lis^us,  iu  d:  sain 
man^r;  but  hwen  jorynd  to  Az  prEsediij  wurd,  (ILs  lj_s>jns  is  uunes, 
«jsari,  Ecsepjona  —  a^  if,  aa  do, 


STENOPnONOGRAPHER. 

DISTIJfCSON  07PLBS. 
DOTS  AND  SERCLZ. 

O 


0      hs              him 

hia 

hia  ia 

1      ds             in 

ig 

ia  big,  ia  ag 

2      da             and 

ag 

aa  hia,  aa  ia 

3      dar,  dar    a,  an 

haa 

hag  hi?,  haa 

DAEEZ. 


1  tu,  tra    tu,  to     ia  crl     j        hiu,  hium  Jud        trm        ia  de 
b  ta      h<jr    how        o        upon          f<yr      unieg 
3      »1        ov          qr      no  v         or        on  bscffa  from 


^        ws      wid        wui  wild       ye,  ysr,  ysld     yoi,  yiur 

wjr,  wa  hwen    \vo    wun      di  hav,  ya    yet 
'     aw<l  WJF    hwot    daer  hav  bsymd 

SIMPL  STROC3. 

Sol  Leyt  Stracs. 

)     w£p,  pe,  hep  bj,  tu  be,  bay 

2    up,  pa,  hop  bs,  oba,  bo 

5     hapi  object,  bow,  abi 

1  tjm,  et,  hst,  tj  di,  dq,,  dif  ;r;nt,  difqnna 

2  it,  hat,  wat  dm,  da,  lied 

3     at.  owt,  ort  had.  aj,  od,  adr.-rtia,  -meat 


DISTINCTION   OF   PLACE. 


15 


1  £q,  wig,  cjt; 

2  hwiq 

3  mug,  woe; 

0  hue 

1  wee,  comitr,  comit 

2  cum,  wac,  yoc 

3  cam,  oc,  cow 

1  if,  fa,  fs,  huf 

2  f^rst,  fo 

3  hqf ,  erf 

1  yuit,  hst,  tj 

2  tigc,  fat,  ot 

3  tanc,  hat,  towaand 

1  S£,  yus,  his 

2  so,  sa,  yes 

3  us,  sor,  hows 

1  /£,  wij,  i/n 

2  Jal,  Jo 

3  wo/,  a/ 

1  her,  hjr,  wsri 

2  o\vr,  area,  hoari 

3  hwar,  war,  awar 

1  lj,  In,  hil.  il 

2  wil,  wel,  la 

3  ler,  hoi,  holi.  holi 

0  hwim 

1  me,  mj 

2  ma,  am 

3  am,  horn 

1  eni,  nil,  (in) 

2  no,  on 

3  na,  anery 


jery,  huj,  JU 

aj,  waJ>  eJ 

j^ 

hwig 

giv,  givn,  ergailyari 

togedjT,  gav,  egaampl 

go,  ago,  garanti,  garants 

vu,  EV,  vj. 
hav,  hevi,  wav 
row,  avow 

de.  dj 
dem,  (da) 
do,  dow 


woa,  waa 
huaq 


fl3ya 

jvori,  wev^r 

ev^r,  ev^ri 

ovjr,  however,  avqr 

e-lredi 
larj,  dolar 

imprvuv,  impriuvm^nt 
1  ma  be,  hemp,  hump 
important,  imperrtans 
tin,  CngliJ,  wir) 
langwaj,  yun,  oirj 
hag,  hur) 


16 


BTEMOPHONOGEAPHEE. 


H<if  L^t  Strocs. 


0 

I 

2 
3 

htpt 
put,  pit 
pad,  wept,  hopt 
apt,  pat,  hopt 

betwtn,  bid,  bet 
obad,  bed,  bot 
bad,  abowt,  bfft 

0 

heted.  hiutcd 

htded.  huded 

1 
2 
3 

it  wu<l 
et  tu 
at  it,  twt 

did,  dsd,  d[d 
ded,  dac,  det.  heded 
dowt,  aded,  had  had,  had  it 

1 

2 
3 

<j£t,  gjd,  hwig  wud 
hwuj  it 
gat,  wergt,  hwig  had 

jeryd,  jud 
ajed,  wajd,  jet 
jot 

0 

huct 

1 
2 
3 

cwjt 
act,  wact,  yoct 
cut  cert 

gud 
get,  gat,  got.  god 
God 

1 
2 
3 

if  it,  fit,  fed,  fjt,  fat,  find 
aftqr,  fat,  fad,  f  d 
oft,  fat 

averyd,  veryd,  vud,  vjd 
yot,  hav  had,  wavd 
avowd,  vowd 

1 

2 

tigc  it 
tert 

widowt 
dat 

3 

tagct,  te-d 

do  it 

0 
1 

2 
3 

hiest,  liist,  heryst 
sst,  yest,  wist 
establij,  hast,  wast 
hast,  wost,  astonij 

J8  it,  yuad,  ezd 
az  it 
h  it,  hazowed 

1 

2 
3 

wift.  Jet,  Jmt,  i/nd 
fal  it,  /od,  Jut 

/OYVt,  WO/t 

DISTINCTION   OP   PLACE. 


17 


0  her  it 

1  arjt 

2  hart,  q,rt,  hurt 

3  hwar  it 

0  hilt 

1  l^t,  wil  it,  wilt 

2  let,  lat 

3  lot,  aljt,  alot 

1  mjt,  met.  omit,  miit,  muit 

2  met,  mat,  mot 

3  mat 

0  hint 

1  into,  njt,  yunit,  yunit 

2  not,  went,  hunt 

3  not.  tint,  hqnt,  ant 


hjrd 

red,  werid 

hqrd,  wurd,  hard,  hurid 

hqrd,  yqrd,  word,  award 

held 

led,  wjld,  Iqd,  Ijd,  lid 
led,  lad,  old,  hold,  held 
lowd,  alowd 

imsdiat,  -li,  mid,  amid,  muid 
mad,  mod,  amd,  mud 
mad 

hjnd 

nsd,  wjnd,  wind,  wuind 
undt^r,  end,  comend,  ond 
hand,  wownd,  hownd 


K*T  INIZAL  SEKCL. 


Wid  Hoi  Leyt  Strocs. 


spre,  sprj,  swepgr 
spirigual,  spra,  spur 
supqr,  sapgr 

swgtqr,  stni,  sutor 
stra,  st^r.  setqr 
strer 


1 
2 
3 

1  ses,  consjs 

2  is  so 

3  haa  so,  scrs 


sea,  sjz 
sea 
as  woa 


str,  sjr,  suqr 
s^r,  sor,  swor 
swar,  sowr 


sever 
savyor,  savor, 


ssdar,  s|dqv 
consider 
sadqr,  haa  had 

dcscrjb,  scripqui,  scru,  sic^r 
subscrjb,  socrjr.  sucqv 


selfij 

aa  Jal,  snj 

sem,  swim,  consum 
sum,  sani 
sqm,  swam 


18 


STENOPIIONOGRAI'IIEK. 

Wid  HqfLegt  Strocs. 


1     spirit 
2    spred,  spurd 
3     sprowt 

strst,  stnid 
strat,  slrad,  st^rd 

1 

serd 

2    consort 
3     serrt.  consort 

surd,  soml,  sword 
sowrd 

secret,  secret,  descrjbd 

sacred,  consecrat,  sub- 

[scrjbd 

smjt 

sumhwot,  sumit,  smot 

consumat 


LEFT  INIZAL  SERCL. 

Wid.  Ilol  Leyt  Strocs, 
sp£c,  swep,  sp[,  suvp,  spu, 


subject,  suberrdinat 
subtract,  sob 

sjd,  consfid,  sud,  sudo 
sed,  sod 


2  spejol,  spoc,  sup,  sop 

3  sap, sop 

1  siti,  sit,  sjt,  sw£t,  sut 

2  srt,  set,  sta,  sto 

3  sat,  sent,  satisfj,  satisfactori    sad,  sod 

1  ssc,  sic,  scj  sEet,  suit  suid,  sjd,  s£ii 

2  sac,  soc,  sue          set  swad 

3  sac,  soc  sowt,  swot  az  do 

1  Ijz,  Iraa,  luis,  hila  sfilrjr,  conselgr 

2  les,  lag,  wila  salor,  sel^r,  selor,  solar 

3  lere,  lers,  alas  (up) 

1  sen,  sin,  sjn,  sun 

2  sun, son,  sno 


1  sped,  spjt 

2  swept,  spad 

3  spot,  spowt 


sig,  siggular,  swig 
sug,  swug 
so-rj,  sag 

Wid  Hqf  Leyt  Strocs. 

seted,  stud,  silted 

stad,  sted  sect 

satisf[d  scowt,  sact,  scot 


DISTINCTION  OF  PLACE. 


19 


1 

2 
3 

swift,  sift      conssvd                sdd,  conssld       sind,  sind 
a?,  if  it          savd                      sold,  sweld       send 
serft                                                                      sownd,  sand 

R*T  FiNAL  SERCL. 

1 
2 
3 

opiuycma,  pina         twiua,  tsna,  twjjiz 
pana,  pens,  opna    contana,  tuna 
hapna,  powns          at  wuns,  towna 

dsnominajona 
dens,  providqns 
dans,  ffdicjns,  dcrna 

1 

2 
3 

yqsea,  hisea            yqaea 
so  aa,  so  ia              wos  aa,  woa  hia 
ases,  asea                 howaea 

Js  ia,  wijea,  i/ua,   Jiua 
Joa:  con/us 
a/ea,  wo/ea 

1 
2 
3 

her  ia,  hsra,  era       mjself,  mis,  amu/i 
wars,  arja,  eras      amaa,  ama 
hwaraa,  haras        maa,  homa,  amas 

^imprmvmqnts,  impins 
impoa 
imposibl,    imposibiliti 

1 
2 
3 

ia  its             her  its,  her  it  ia    reda                    mets,  omits 
aa  it  ia           q,rts,  hq,rts            wuudz,  htjrda     mats 
haz  its          hwar  it  ia             awerda               mats 

LEFT  F*N£L  SERCL. 
Wid  Hoi  Lcyt  Strocs. 

1  pes,  weps,  hsps  b[  hia,  abua,  be-ya,  b[a 

2  hops,  paa,  opoa,  pas  obaa,  bas,  baa,  boa 

3  pas,  pera  objects,  bowa 

1  tjmz,  itself,  twjs   gnia,  (jo-ys  relijus,  jus,  j 

2  it  ia,  its,  hats          hwiq  ia,  goa  ajea,  wajez,  ejea 

3  at  hia,  hats  muc;  aa,  wogea  jffa 


0  hues 

1  wees,  comiteg,  comits,  cis 


cuma,  cas,  wacs,  yocs 
co-a,  acua,  wacs,  cowa 


Hwiga 

giva,  gms,  gss 
egaampla,  ges,  gaa 
goa,  garantia 


20 


STEXOrHOXOGRAPHEB. 


1  if  his,  coufua,  ftz    vua,  verys,  vjs,  EVS      dsz,  d[self 

2  fas,  efas,  foa  wava,  vas  (dis,)  oda 

3  ofis,  haf  02  vowa,  avowa,  hqva     doa,  dus 


1  sd,  seryl,  consel 

2  ag  wel,  sol,  slo 

3  sali,  slow 


influ^ns,  nua,  nerya  tirja,  wina 
noa,  comens,  hens  langwajea 
naa,  aneya  hana 


WIS,  HqfLeyt  Strocs. 
1     if  it  ia,  ffda  widowt  hia          sljt,  saint 


2  fats,  fadz 

3  fats 


dat  ia 
do  it  ia 


consult,  slat 
serlt 


into  hia,  n[ts 
nots,  hunts 
not  aa,  ants 


38  ^  INIZAL  HUG. 


2  upejr,  pra 

3  practis,  practist 

1    trj,  tni,  trut,  tre    durin,  dm,  dr[ 


bru, 

member,  remember 

number 


2 

uttjr                         wund^r,  odor              nac,q,r,  natural 

3 

owtqr                     drer 

woqqr 

1 

crj,  w£c«jr,  cru 

agre,  gru,,  eg^r 

2 

ocur,  caract^r,  concur,  ac^r 

gro,  gra 

3 

acru 

e-gqr 

1 

fre,  frj                     tre,  etqr 

eclfjr,  hwidijr,  widtjr 

2 

confer,  fra               tro 

(dar)  wed^r 

3 

oftjr,  afra                 trtor 

udqr,  Invedqr 

1 

mer,  yiimor 

ner,  in^r 

2 

mor 

nerr,  on§r 

3 

remqrc,  haraqr 

man^r,  onor 

1 

particular,  pi-jd 

brjt,  brqt,  bruid,  brsd 

2 

oportuniti,  prat 

bred,  brad 

3 

piowd 

brcrt,  brerd,  abrffd 

DISTINCTION    OF   PLACE. 


1  tnt,  trjd,  trjt 

2  toward,  trad,  utqrd,  tred 

3  trod,  trot,  trowt 

1  cr[d,  cred,  cmd 

2  acerrdir),  ocurd 

3  crowd,  acrud 


drjd,  adre-yt 

dred 

drowt 

agred,  grsd 
grat,  grad,  g^rd 
ergqrd,  hagard 


1  frq,t,  frjt,  frjd          ajqrd,  Jnid  in  order  tu 

2  ofrad,  conftjrd,  frat  uford,  Jred,  J^rt         inqrt 

3  oferd,  frerdjfro-t      /art,  Jrowd  ouord 

3S  L  INIZAL  HUG. 


1 

2 
3 

pis,  comply,  plj 
pgpl,  pla 
apli,  plow,  apl 

bslsv,  bhi 
abl,  bio 
hobl 

til 

it  wil,  tcl 
tuitilj 

1 
2 
3 

clu,  clo-y 
cerl,  cla 
clcr,  eclq, 

£gl,  gl£,.gl't 
glo,  ugli,  glorias 
hagl 

1 

o 

fli,  fls,  fin 

ful,  full,  flcD 

\V£vl 
Evl 

onli 
nolcj,  anul 

3     erf  ul,  flcr 


valii,  hovel 


1    complct,  plsd,  pljt  bled,  bl[t 


til  it 


2 

3 

1 

2 
3 

plat,  plad,  pled 
apljd,  plot,  plod 

cloyd 
co-Id,  cold 
clowd,  clad,  clod 

abl  tu,  blud,  bled 
blot,  hobld 

gljd,  glqd 
gold,  glod,  glut 
glad 

told 
until 

flit, 

flc<t, 
flat, 

it 

fist,  flit,  fhU 
tlocl,  flot 
flo-d 

38  FiNAL  N  HUG. 

1  opiuyon,pin  corab[n,  biun       tin,  tun,  twjn  denoininajon,  din 

2  qpn,  pan    bin,  bon,  ban     contan,  ten  dun,  dan,  den 
3hapn,    pa-n    ban                     ~  town,"atan  down,  dern 


22 


STENOPHONOGRAPHER. 


ween,  cwen,  csn,  cin  begin 
can,  can,  wacn          agen,  gan,  bsgnn 
gern,  gown,  wagon 

widin,  djn,  heden 
den 


awacn,  con 


svniij,  couvni,  vm 
svn,  van,  hevn 
van 


dan 


1  Jun,  relijon 

2  jeryn 

3  Jon,  ajeyn 

1  fjn,  confjn 

2  fan,  fonografi 

3  often,  fan 

1  Jjn,  comijon          j,i'ou,  hgrin          l[n,  Isn,  Ijon 

2  esen/al,  hasn /con,  Jun,  ojan    aran,  qm,  yqrn  alon,  alyen,  Ian 

3  asjn  comojon  wffm,  owr  on  Ian 

1  mjn,  men,  men,  mmn 

2  man,  human,  omen 

3  man  [human0] 


[mpun 
impenetrabl 
impontl  .jrabl 


yunyon,  njn 
nan, non,  nun 
non,  anou 


1  ape-ynt,pjntbjnd,  combmd    tint,  tund  did  not,  dint 

2  pant,  opnd  bend,  bent  tend,  contend    dm  not.  dand 

3  pownd          bond,  abownd     atend,  tqnt        had  not,  dand 

1  jentlmen,jo-ynt  cannot,  wecnd  fjnd,  conf jnd      convsnd 

2  jentlman      acovvnt,  wacnd  fownd,fund,fant  vend,  vent 

3  ajeryndjq,nt  cownt,  cant         fond,  coiifownd  avqnt,  vqnt 

1  jrond  wil  not,  knd 

2  ^rnd,  arand,  Vcjrnd  lend,  lent,  land 

3  worant,  arownd    land 


mjnd,  mint 

ma  not,  ment,  amend 

amownt,  mownd 


ae  FJNAL  SON  HUC 


2  pajon,  po/on  tui/on 

3  compajbn,  opjon  cornutajon 

1  ccwa/on,  cu/on  confi^oii,  £113 

2  acjon,  concujoii  confejon 

3  cerjon^ffc/on  fa/on,  afugou 


edijon 

coudi/on 

adi/on 

vigou 

EV83011 


STENOrilOXOGKArilER.  23 


mijon,  omijon,  Einijon  inferrma/oa 

2  dajon,  lojou  mojon,  cmojon  najon 

3  alugon  no/on 

[3is  tabl  wil  bs  continue!  in  lesn  14.] 

j.  3.Z  distig/on  ov  wurda  b[  dif^rtjns  or  fonografic  owtljn,  p^r- 
haps  ds  c,ef  ce-a  ov  As  pecqjyor  lejibiliti  ov  fonografi,  ma  bs  mor 
apropriatli  Jon  afttjr  tie  ecsplanajou  ov  tte  sqrcla  and  huca  hwig 
aford  tie,  oportuniti  for  SUQ  a  vaqeti  ov  form. 

k.  S.E  foloir)  wurda  nesesarili  tac  a  fols  plas  for  As  sac  ov  dis- 
tigfon  from  udtjra  ovds  sam  form.  (Sg  Oba^rvajong.) 

Can-not1,  men1;  do3,  doa3,  dus3,  udtjr3,  lir,  us3,  go3,  hoi3 
hoh3,  holi3,  horn3,  cam3,  Imn3,  cut3,  ovejr3,  flsya3,  oc3,  ventjur3, 
na3,  muq3,  until3,  no/on3. 

1.  3.S  foloir)  wurda  fo-lsli  tac  ds  second  plas,  ferr  ds  sac  ov  cou- 
veny^ns,  and  q,r  dus  distiggwi/t  from  ud^ra  ov  ds  sam  ferrm. 

A  a,  and,  dat,  it,  or,  for,  hwic,,  hav,  wil,  woz,  bin,  can,  dui,  nerr 
tigc,  owr,  aftqr,  ful,  tfft,  act,  yu3ual,  svn,  cffl,  acerrdig,  condijou, 
laggwaj,  o*t  tu,  oportuniti,  evl,  nolej  acjon,  tuijoii,  pajon,  jeryn. 


.   GAPTER  i. 

Mj  asojiats  lira  hav  asisted  me  in  prepacrig  ds  Obaqrvajonz,  <\.r 
aa  foloa,  and  wil  be  designated,  ed^r  bj  ds  iaifala  or  bj  ds  ref^rqns 
mq,rcs  ataqt  to  dar  nama : 

Wilyam  Henri  Bur  B  || 

W.  Blar  Lerrd  L  } 

Wilyam  G.  Pq,rchurst  P  t 

Fjlo  M.  Slocum  S  \. 

and  mj  on  designa/on  wil  bs  Ed          * 

i  Jal  f ulo  ds  laggwaj  ov  de  nots  f urni/t  me  aa  neiii  aa  practicabl, 
macig  sug  qanjca,  howevqr,  bj  stqcig  owt  or  rearanjig,  a?,  ma  be 
nesesari  tu  avo-yd  yusles  repcti/ona,  and  tu  sccur  de  gratcst  con- 


24  STENOPHONOGRAPIIER. 

sjsnes.  Hwar  substan/oli  As,  sam  er  contrari  opiuyona  qr  ecsprest 
j  fal  adopt  but  wun,  indicatir)  de  tenor  ov  dg  ud(;ra  bj  simpl  marcs 
ov  ascnt  er  disent;  in  suq  casea  yuaii)  ds  rcfgr^ns  mqrcs  givn 
abuv,  folod  bj  )  for  nsent 

[  disent 

dowt 

clus,  ||)  wud  indicat — MT  Bur  haa  ecsprest  substanjali  As  sain 
opinyon,  or  adopts  de  sam  mod  ov  rjtin. 

Aa  it  ma  frecw^ntli  hapn  dat  m[  compilajon  dus  mad  wil  be 
sent  to  As  pres  widowt  mj  havirj  had  an  oportuniti  tu  confer  wi«l 
01  m[  asojiats  tu  asqrtan  hwedijr  j  hav  proptjrli  und^rstud  and 
repreaented  dar  vua,  sug  corccjona  aa  ma  be  nesesari  wil  be  mad 
in  ds  last  qaptqr  ov  Obstjrvajona. 

3.6  refqrgnsea  in  parentessa  qr  to  de  numbgrir)  ov  dis  wurc. 


Holdiy  $E  Pcnsil,  Sfs-     [3.] 

L.  Hwen  j  comcnst  fonografi,  hwig  woa  in  dg  Senat  ov  de  Y- 
S-,  i  held  mj  pensil  bstwsn  de  f^rst  and  second  firjgqra,  aa  recom- 
ended  bj  Mesura  Pitman  and  Prosqr  in  de  "Ecporter'a  Manual." 

i  continud  it  for  mor  dan  tq,  yera;  but  fjndii)  at  last  dat  for  a 
yer  j  had  mad  no  progres  so  fqr  aa  sped  woa  consejrnd,  j  trjd  ds 
comon  mctod,  and  imsdiatli  bggan  tu  impruiv  in  dat  respect. 
3e  metod  recomended  in  de  Report^r'a  Manual  ma  be  ov  yus,  at 
tjma,  in  ord^r  tu  rest  de  hand,  but  Jud  not  be  trjd  ecsept  hwen 
reportir)  a  slo  spscgr:  t)-  If  j  had  tu  report  a  rapid  specgr,  do 
for  owra  at  a  tjm,  [  Jud  yua  ds  comon  metod. 

It  ia  scd,  j  no,  dat  aa  fonografi  reewjra  de  hand  tu  muiv  wid 
scwal  fasiliti  in  evqri  direcjon,  a  difqrqnt  metod  ov  holdig  de  pen 
from  ctat  comonli  practist  ia  nesesari.  S  dui  not  tine  so.  A  por- 
trat  pantijr  olso  haa  tu  muiv  hia  hand  in  cv^ri  direcjon,  and  ia 
often  obljjd  tu  continii  hia  wurc  for  owra;  but  j  hav  nevqr  h^rd 
ov  a  pantqr  hiu  held  hia  pensil  err  braj  bstwsn  de  f^rst  and  second 


STENOmONOGRAPHER.  25 

figgqra.  Mj  ecsperifjns  for  yera,  and  undqr  sqrcumstansea  hwar 
ccspsriejns  wud  bs  most  conclusiv,  ia  desjdedli  agenst  ds  plan  re- 
comended  bj  de  Keportqr'a  Manual,  and  in  favor  ov  fa  comon  me- 
tod  ov  holdir)  As  pensil  err  pen,  hwuj,  j  am  glad  tu  ss,  ia  reeom- 
cnded  b[  MT  Lerijli. 

B.  I  tine  i  hav  trjd  As  plan  recomended  bj  de  Reportqr'a 
Manual,  cnuf  tu  condem  it:  *). 

Ed.  Most  ov  de  reportqra  in  Congres  hui  had  adopted  dis 
mod  ov  holdig  <le  pensil,  sum  ov  huim  hav  yuad  it  for  several 
ysra,  hav  now  abandond  it,  holi  o*r  in  pqrt:  and  j  tine  ctar  qr  onli 
wun  or  tu  left  hui  yq,a  it  e-ltogedqr. 

P.  S  am  incljnd  tu  tigc  dat  j,  can  r[t  fonograf i  mor  rapidli  wid 
a  pensil  dan  wid  a  pen;  but  dg  frecwqnsi  wid  hwiq  pensila  hav  tu 
be  Jarpnd  ia  sumtiq  ov  an  objecjon  to  dar  yus. 

S,  \  can  nevqv  be  struc  wid  ds  sam  sz  aa  / ,  beccra  dc  musla 
ov  dc  fingqra  naquroli  mvuv  in  ds  direc/on  ov  de  latqr  stroc,  and 
not  in  ds  direc/on  ov  d:s  former.  2e  corda,  musla,  ^-s,  e-1  stran 
upon  ds  iusjd  ov  6&  lima;  and,  consccwqntli,  erl  doa  hm  yua  ds  rjt 
hand  in  rjtin,  can  rjt  wid  grater  rapiditi  and  endur  lorygyr  in  ritiij 
from  rjt  to  left  dan  da  can  in  rjtig  from  left  to  r[t. 


3.s  Consonants.     Y,  W,  a,nd  H. 

L.  J  hav  nevqr  yuad  de  stroc  sjna  for  y,  w,  and  /«,  beco-a  [  hav 
oftqr  trjal,  felt  satisfj_d  dat  da  q,r  wurs  dan  yusles. 

P.  i  hav  nevqr  adopted  dea  caractfjra  bsccra  j  wi/t  ds  tu  for- 
mijr  ferr  dar  old  yusea;  and  in  adijon  to  dat  j  tine  ds  old  metod  ov 
ecspresig  dem  ia  sufifqnt  ferr  erl  practical  prnposea,  espejali  in 
reportin,  hwar  da  ar  frscwqntli  omited. 

B.  Ov  dsa  caractqra  j  hav  mad  yus  ov  onli  wun,  /«,  and  dat 
to  a  veri  limited  ecstent;  and  stranj  tu  sa,  [  hav  ritn  it  bacwardz 
pqrhaps  a  towaand  tjma  oftnqr  dan  forward,  havig  adopted  it  vz 


26  STENOrilONOGKArHEH. 

a  \vurd-sjn  for  1dm.  In  dung  so  [  edwaa  conect  it  wid  de  prepo- 
aijoua  hwig  presed  it,  aa  j  clso  dui  me,  and  dar  ia  no  posibiliti  ov 
a  conflict.  It  ia  veri  singular  dat  MT  Pitman  Jud  hav  adopted 
dis  stroc-sjnhwen  it  woa  apar^nt  dat  it  cud  not  be  preficst  torn,  de 
n  hue,  and  ns  t^rininajbn,  nerr  aficst  to  t,  d,  f,  j,  J,  z,  f,  and  0,  tu 
sa  notirj  ov  de  hues.  G]  am  not  yet  prepacrd  tu  recomend  it,  evn 
1 1 wen  ritn  hot  waa,  erldo  dar  ia  an  urjemt  nesesiti  for  sum  sjn,  and 
at  prea^nt  j  no  ov  non  betqr. 

Aa  ferr  w  and'y,  \  dui  not  no  how  ds  stroc  sjna  apropriated  to 
dem  can  be  spard  aa  hertofor  yqzd  ferr  h  and  vr.  At  As  sam  tjm 
[  hav  lerr)  bin  imprest  wid  de  nesesiti  ov  sum  strocs  far  y  and  u; 
and  hav  tijd  in  van  tu  invent  dem. 

Ed.  i  dui  not  rased  from  mj  poaijon  in  1850  dat  simpl  strocs 
fffr  w  y  and  h  wud  be  ynsful  if  da  cud  bs  procurd  widowt  intgr- 
ferirj  wid  establijt  abreviajona;  but  dat,  aa  evqri  avalabl  simpl  farm 
had  olredi  bin  mor  yusfuli  apropiated,  notig  remand  but  tu  tac 
As  upward  perpendicular  strocs,  err  non.  For  ysra  ov  family aritj 
wid  ds  stroc-sjna  givn  in  ds  Manual,  hav  strerjtnd  dis  convicjon. 

S.  3.e  sujcsqon  wid  regq,rd  to  de  redig  ov  manuscript  is  a  gud 
wun.  2e  fqrst  sics  munts  ov  m[  fonografic  ecsperiqns  wqr  ttl- 
niost  entirli^lo-st,  b£cera  j  neglected  dis  veri  perynt. 


3e  Vowel  Seal.     (4,5.) 

3e  number  ov  vowels.  L.  $  bslev  &&  vowel  seal  /ud  be  ecs- 
tended,  and  hav  bin,  for  sum  tjm  post,  in  favor  ov  at  lest  a  ten 
rowel  seal.  5  hav  olwaa  yuad  ds  poralel  da/  for  o,  o:  t). 

P.  i  tujc  dg  increst  vowel  seal  ia  an  impruiNTnqnt;  fo-r  it  h 
wun  ov  de  fundamental  priusipla  ov  fonografi  aa  wel  aa  fonotipi 
dat  evqri  sownd  Jud  hav  a  def init  mod  ov  ecspre/on. 

B.  Hwen  yuiecstend  ds  vowel  seal  beyond  12  or  at  de  most  14 
simpl  sownda,  yui  qr  at  ss  and  ma  fjnd  plersibl  reana  for  ccstendig 
dfi  number  to  50,  for  <?t  j  no.  3i  am  uncompromiauj  in  regqvd  to 


STENOrnOXOGRAPHEE.  27 

dis  cwescjon,  bslevig  dat  no  mor  vowda  Jud  be  adopted  dan  can 
In:  clerli  distirjgwijt  bj  evqri  cultivated  er;  and  if  ds  vowel  sownd 
in  Bur,  aa  yu,ad  b[  ds  grat  majoriti  ov  spscqra,  ia  difqrejnt  from 
dat  in  Itut,  den  j  hav  not  de  sr  tu  distirjgvvij  it. 

S.  38  at  vowel  seal  macs  a  platform  brad  enuf  ferr  mj  jdsaa 
ov  fonografi. 

Se  xr&njment.  P.  Oldo  j  hav  not,  in  rnj  on  practis,  Qanjd  to 
dg  s^rctilor  vowel  seal,  [  wud  recomend  a  l^rnqr  tu  adopt  dat 
sistem. 

S.  Ev^r  sins  MT  Pcirchurst  haa  yq,ad  hwot  [  at  fqret  consid- 
qrd  tu  be  a  "mg  sjd  up  sistem,"  [  hav  depended  upon  hie  note  tu 
asist  ms  in  r[tig  owt  Congrejonal  reports;  and  darfor,  wid  ds  ec- 
sepjon  ov  MT  Parchurst  himself,  [  hav  had  a  gans  bet^r  tu  test  de 
practical  yutiliti  ov  dis  mod  ov  rjtig  dan  eni  ud^r  liviij  man. 

Wun  grat  embarasm^nt  ov  de  reporter  iu  preparii)  hia  nets  tor 
de  pres,  ia  ia  des[dig  hwig  ov  a  givn  clas  ov  wurda,  tacig  de  sam 
owtljn  and  ocupjir)  ds  sam  poaifon,  ia  ds  rjt  wun.  And  i  belsv  dat 
nev^r,  duriq  ds  lost  tu  ysra,  hwen  j  hav  bin  in  dovvt  abowt  a  ward 
iu  mj  own  nots,  hav  j  fald  tu  hav  dat  dowt  remmvd  bj  refcjrirj 
to  de  nots  ov  MT  Pq,rchurst. 

3)  liav  witnest  anudtjr  advantaj  ov  dis  aranjm^nt  ov^r  de  old 
wun.  3.Z  vowela  o  o  ocur  mug  mor  frecwejntli  dan  m  u\  and  on 
conipocrig  mj  nots  wid  doa  ov  MT  Parchurst,  [  fjnd  dat  [  hav 
often  carid  mj  hand  bac  to  ds  beginirj  ov  a  stroc  tu  insejrt  a  vowel 
hwicj  hs  haa  inserted  at  As  end;  and  consccw^ntli  ds  tjm  hwiq  [ 
luia  iu  goig  bac,  he  impnuva  in  goir)  forward  to  ds  necst  wurd. 

4  am  darfor  preti  wel  couvinst  dat  ds  s^rcular  vowel  seal  ia  de 
rjt  sjd  up  sistem,  and  j  intend  tu  adopt  it  az  sun  aa  j,  can  get  tjm 
tu  practis. 

B.  It  ia  posibl  dat  dacr  ma  be  sum  advantaj  in  dis  cjanj,  and  if 
j  cud  be  ajqrd  dat  it  wud  ultiniatli  be  adopted,  j  Jud  not  heaitat 
tu  adopt  it  mjsclf.  At  prczqnt  [  consider  dg  prinsipl  involvd  iu 
it,  and  ds  practical  advautaj  gand,  aa  ov  tui  sljt  importans  tu  bs 
wurt  ds  an. 


28  STENOPHONOGRAPHEn. 

L.  S  am  not  prcpatrd,  at  dis  t[m,  tu  rccomcnd  ds  adop/on  ov 
MT  Pqrchurst's  aranjmqnt,  perhaps  on  acownt  ov  not  havirj  suf  L- 
Jgntli  tested  it.  S  wil  sa,  however,  dat  dg  mor  j  egaamin  hia  ar 
anjmqnt  dg  bet^r  j  Ijc  it. 

Ed.  In  adijon  to  dg  abuv  testimoni,  j  wil  mevli  refqr  to  ds 
ITonografcjr  ov  Jqlj  1851,  from  hwig  j  ecstract  dg  foloig  from  MT 
iaac  Pitman  himself: — 

"3x  gan  iz  not  a  cwescjonabl  wun:  dar  iz  no  cowntqrbalansiij  cvl 
edgr  practical  or  teoretical,  ecsept  dg  msr  ganj  ov  habit  wid  de 
prea^nt  rjtgra." 

It  ia  trq  dat  ds  veri  necst  mnnt  MT  Pitman  fansid  dat  li£  had 
discov^rd  bot  a  tgoretical  and  a  practical  gvl;  but  dc  formqr  woa 
purli  imajinari,  and  de  latrjr  woa  simplide  rczult  ov  inecsperigns,  aa 
j  hav  sins  demonstrated  practical!  and  matematicali. 

Sg  dg  American  Reporter  for  Feb-  1853. 


SLe  Dlftvgz  and  Aspirnt. 

P.  I(  Ijc  dis  mcfcod  ov  qtig  i  and  oio,  it  bgig  a  savig  ov  tjm  and 
Ecwali  lejibl  wid  dg  old  wa:  J). 

S.  J  hav  fiali  tested  it,  and  hav  no  deajr  tu  f<rl  bac  into  macig 
*4  mq,rcs  hwa:r  it  is  onli  nesesari  tu  mac  wun. 

B.  If,  in  adoptirj  a  singl  da/  far  f,  Ijsgns  cud  bg  givn  tu  r[t 
it  in  ty  direcjona  hwen  it  i?  nesesari  tu  conect  it  wid  wurda  dat 
folo,  aa  ia  now  dun  wid  MT  Pitman'a  i,  j  consgv  dat  it  wud  bs 
an  impruivmtjnt  wurdi  ov  adopjoii. 

Ed.  Ov  core  if  ire  forma  can  bg  alowd  bj  Ijs^ns,  t>(  can  be: 
and  dacrfor  dg  vqrdict  ia  yunanimusli  ferr  ds  singl  da/. 


B.  Vocalja  aa  litl  a?  posibl  consistent  wid  lejibiliti.  Adhgr- 
qns  to  dg  rq,l  ov  upward  and  downward  /  and  r  wil  j  tine  render  a 
grat  dsl  ov  vocaljaa/on  unneaesari  dat  mjt  udqrwja  bg  recvrjrd:  )t- 


OBSERVATIONS.  29 

L.  I  tigc  dat  dfc  li^m^r  Jud  not  bg  tui  lavif  ov  hia  vowcla,  but 
Jud  radqr  lev  hia  wurda  unvocaljed  ecsept  in  rjtig  tu  be  preaqrvd; 
for  I  fjnd  dat  de  habit  ov  vocaljaiij  hwiq  j  fe-rmd  hwen  j  comenst 
Iqrnig  fonografi,  ia  a  clog  to  me,  espejali  hwen  reportig  rapid 
spectra. 

Ed.  It  wil  bs  obaqrvd  dat  de  rjtig  ecsersjaea  in  dis  buc  q,r 
so  eontrjvd  aa  tu  averyd  dg  evl  ov  unnescsari  vocaljaafon. 

S.  3s  reportqr  iu  vocaljaii)  wurda  jenqrali  ferla  into  de  habit 
ov  brongir)  owt  de  da/  vowela  hwed^r  hg  iatenda  tu  dm  so  or  not. 


R,  L,  S- — 3.e  Up-strocs. 

B.  It  ia  ov  grat  impffitans  dat  de  reporter  Jud  hav  ficst  ferrma; 
and  de  fuqr  rula  fefr  dat  purpoa  ds  betejr  in  mj  opinyon.  Hens  ds 
jenqral  rul  ov  macii)  dg  /  and  r  upward  hwen  folod  bj  a  vowel, 
and  downward  hwen  not,  /ud  be  adopted  in  erl  casea  ecsept  hwar 
de  ferrma  qr  tui  6-eward  err  dificult  tu  be  profitabl.  But  dg  grat 
advantaj  ov  foloig  de  rul  ia  in  dgsjfqriq  de  nots  ov  de  reportqr. 
Tu  no  dat  a  sqrtan  wurd  endig  in  /  err  r  ia  err  ia  not  folod  bj  a 
vowel  wil  oftentjma  detqrmin  dg  sens  ov  a  hoi  sentqns  hwar  ud- 
qrwja  dar  mjt  be  considqrabl  dowt. 

S  Ijc  de  nil  dat  /  wid  a  vowel  presedig  Jal  be  struc  down;  but 
most  ov  de  wurda  qr  ov  su<j  rar  ocurqns  dat  wid  dg  ecsep/on  ov 
negative  comensig  wid  ?7-,  [  hav  practicali  pad  but  litl  regard  to 
de  rul.  S  rjt  meni  ov  dgs  wurda  wid  de  upward  I. 

iE  hav  nevqr  adopted  eni  nil  in  regqrd  to  de  direcjon  ov  /  its 
recurqns  beig  so  rar  aa,  in  mj  opinyon,  tu  rendqr  eni  nil  unnes- 
esari. 

L.  J  hav  nevqr  strictli  folod  eni  ml  wid  regard  to  dea  conso- 
nants, but  hav  often  ritn  dem  up  err  down  aa  woa  most  couven- 
yqnt  from  ds  poai/on  ov  mj  hand  at  de  cloa  ov  de  presedig  wurd, 
ecsept  hwen  it  woa  absohitli  nesesari,  fcrr  dg  sac  ov  distigcfou,  tu 
folo  de  rul.  tlarfor,  in  de  sam  sentqns,  j  suuitima  fjnd  difqrqnt 


30  STENOPIIONOGRAPHER. 

ferrma  for  de  sam  wurd.  S  msvli  stat  m[  practis,  but  can  not  rc- 
comend  it.  3)  wud  olwaa  rjt  contrari  to  dg  nil,  hwen  so  duiiij 
wud  averyd  an  e-cward  forrm. 

P.  4  folo  &EZ  rula  fig  a  jeneral  tit),  wid  dis  ecsep/on:  [  crlmost 
invariable  rjt  R  upward  befor  t  and  downward  bgfar  w,  becera  j 
tine  it  ia  mar  convsny<jnt  and  macs  Ics  ercward  ferrnm  $  lit'  ck 
rul  dat/  Jud  be  ritn  upward  aft^r  /  and  v:  J) 

S.  els  rul  ia  erlmost  tui  consjs;  but  if  fonografqra  dui  not  eg- 
gactli  comprehend  it  at  fqrst,  da  wil  get  ini/iatcd  into  its  iutrica- 
sia  j  tine  bj  rj_tir)  and  vocaljaig  &&  wurda  in  d£  tabla.  3.s  rul  u  a 
gud  wun;  but  j  wud  omit  de  wurda  betwm  ds  dajea,  and  hwen 
dea  consonants  ocur  in  ds  midl  ov  a  wurd  \  wud  let  dg  studqnt 
detfa'rmin  for  himself  hwiq  form  hs  wil  yua. 

<Ie  upstroc  R  conects  wid  OT  betejr  dan  &z  downstroc;  and  de 
downstroc  conects  wid  n  and  y  az  wel  aa  ds  upstroc.  2ar  i«  dar- 
fd>r  no  ocason  for  de  ecsepjonol  ru,la  givn  iu  dg  Manual. 

S  hwen  conected  wid  mdtjr  stroc  norr  hue  Jud  be  struc  up.  i 
Jud  leg  ago  hav  jerynd  de  s^rcl  and  hues  to  /  in  ds  sam  man«r 
ag  to  I,  wjr  it  not  dat  j.  am  tui  fond  ov  compani. 

3s  student  Jud  tac  particular  car,  iu  practisii)  from  de  lists  ov 
ecsepjona,  not  tu  Ixua  sjt  ov  de  injl  itself.  3s.  danjtjr  ma  bs  obviat. 
ed  bj  pasirj  ovqr  ds  lists  ov  ecsepjona  and  fqrst  practisig  itpon  ds 
tabla  ov  wurda,  hwiq  q,r  tu  bs  ritn  presjali  aa  de  ml  directs.  {loa 
tabla  Jud  not  be'neglectcd  bj  ds  student.  3e  wurda  q,r  sug  aa  de 
•  fonografqr  haa  frscw^nt  ocason  tu  yqa,  and  no  tjm  wil  be  mis- 
spent in  practisii)  upon  dg  forma  hwig  qr  her  givn.  i  wud  reco- 
mend  ds  mod  ov  practis  properad  bj  MT  Pitman  in  hia  Reporter — 
tu  form  Jert  and  simpl  sent^nsea  contanig  de  givn  wurda,  £<j  sen- 
ttjns  tu  bs  ritn  trs  tjma.  3is  wil  olso  enjur  constant  practis  upon 
ds  wurda  hwig  q,r  ov  suq  frscw^nt  ocurgns  aa  tu  compoa  a  lq,rj 
proporjon  ov  01  ecstemporanius  speq. 

E.  S  went  entjrli  trui  Pitman'a  "Reporter  in  1847  in  dis  wa, 
inqrcii)  EQ  da  wid  a  pensil  hw«r  [  left  e-f. 


OBSERVATIONS.  31 

3*  Jud  Ijq  veri  mug  tu  concct  upward  r  wid  m,  but  it  ssms  to 
ins  tui  ercward.  It  ia  posibl  dat  [  ma  cum  to  it  at  last. 

i  r[t  /downward  in  olmost  a1!  casea. 

Ed.  It  ia  saigr  wid  ecwal  practis  tu  rjt  Rm  dan  mp,  and  ds  tu 
fcrrma  bdg  similar  qr  scwali  pleaig  to  ds  unbjast  j. 


Plas  and  Poztfan. 

B.  i  hav  neve,r  bin  abl  practical!  tu  yu,a  horiaontal  consonants 
injnor  dan  ds  fqrst  and  second  plas  in  reportirj. 

hav  trjd  dubl-ruld  papgr  and  sirjgl-ruld,  and  j  am  unabl  tti 
apra/iat  ile  advantaj  ov  wun  ovcjr  de  ud^r. 

P.  i  hav  ncvqr  tr[d  ds  crffsriild  papgr,  but  j_  hav  no  dowt  dat 
a  p^rsn  hxu  begina  tu  l^rn  fonografi  in  <][ldhud  can  tran  hia  hand 
ta  sufi/qnt  egaactnes  tu  mac  cro-snild  paptjr  an  advantaj;  oldo  in 
mj  on  rjtig  j  can  not  distii)g\vi/  dg  plases  wid  mug  acurasi,  tu  sa 
notig  aberwt  pozifon. 

3ar  qr  but  fq,  wurda  hwiq  j  fjnd  it  ncsesari  tu  rjt  in  a  fcrls  plas 
fcrr  de  sac  ov  distirjcjon  from  udqra  ov  ds  sam  ferm.  Horn3,  cam3, 
muq8,  until3.  It  sema  to  me  dat  de  trubl  ov  recolectig  dat  a  par- 
ticular wurd  ia  tu  be  ritn  owt  ov  its  plas  ia  jengrali  gratgr  dan  ds 
advantaj  tu  be  derjvd  from  it.  In  errdqr  dat  can  and  cm  not  ma 
bs  redili  distirjgwi/t,  j  mac  it  a  nil  tu  rjt  can  not  a  litl  les  dan  hqf 
lerjt,  so  dat  however  rapid  ds  rjtig  ma  bs  da  wil  not  conflict. 

Meni  wurda  hwiq  bj  dar  dominant  vowcla  Jud  be  ritn  in  de  1st 
or  3d  plas,  ma  tac  ds  second  widowt  inconvenyqns.  3e  foloig 
wurda  j  rjt  in  dar  tru  plasea:  tine1,  svn1,  owr3,  aftqr3,  ful3,  lag- 
gwaj3. 

S.  i  am  in  favor  ov  dubl  rulig;  but,  ferr  wun,  j  am  not  csn 
cnuf  tu  recognja  mor  dan  tre  plasea  in  rapid  rjtig. 

Ed.  In  errdqr  tu  der[v  ds  ful  advantaj  ov  plas,  de  student  Jud 
comens  fonografi  muq  yugg§r  dan  eni  reporter  haa  yet  dun,  and 
Jud  mac  no  cjanjea  ov  plas  diirig  hia  practis. 


32  STENOPIIONOGRAPHER. 

Miselanius  sujesgons  a,z  to  formz  ov  wurdz. 

E.  IE  tigc  ov  ia  elwaa  ganjd  to  of,  and  wid  to  wit,  in  de  lost  si- 
labl  ov  compownd  wurda:  aa,  hwarof,  darwit:  t[. 

i  hav  not  ritn  sori  (ecsept  in  de  fraa  i  am  sori)  and  *oro'wid  ds 
upward  K,  bsce-a  ds  pressdig  vowel  ia  acsented.  In  ds  ward  se- 
rsn,  i  wud  adopt  ds  mlov  de  upward  R,de  last  vowel  bsig  acsented- 

ERt,  ReZijow,  stat,  stated,  bi/-in  lejislativ  reportig. 

Go2,  no  Jon2,  Regq/d,  le-g,  legt,  ligc,  liggqr,  »'ldo,  oblitqrat, 
cvfod.ro.nt,  pq,R<,  buR«,  turci,  ado-RM,  cars,  asqut,  JURfa^,  5uRva, 
*W^RV,  *mqRf,  hoLLi,  esiabilij,  asfoni/. 

L.     Kjt-^write),  i^-^i^ght),  Report. 

P.  Qfend,  went.  ac'noZe'j,  pqrifect,  be'twgw,  puR-(tu  agre  wid 
pmr,  cworum,  c/erica/,  embara*,  pu?-ga*,  foRJ^Ri,  JUR- 
,  elaborai,  qRfici 

S.  ERbiteaRi,  ReR^t,  rezoLv,  suf^r,  rjrf,  roe?,  JQRg,  fe-R/ifj,  leg, 
aitwtocratic,  hw^RZwinc?,  buR«,  aiiabe?,  ai-f^Rnaf,  CLevaf,  yutoji, 
aL£Jia«J,  efort,  se^,  foZo3,  oie.nd,  event. 

Ed.  Repst,  repoz,  reproq,  retret,  reqed,  reject,  rejistqr,  rejeryn, 
rabid,  reput,  repast,  repent,  rscapityulat,  rccwest,  recwjr,  rscur^ns, 
turn,  recolect,  recles,  rogij,  reptil,  regulat,  reform,  ref^r,  reflect, 
revenu,  gqrd,  rev^ri,  respectful,  resiprocal,  respons,  resjt,  ressd, 
rezjd,  reaidq,,  rescq,  rise,  rezist,  reimburs,  remedi,  rcmuiv,  remiingr- 
a/on,  random,  raggl,  rigcl,  he-rticulgur,  werrdrob,  wurchows,  wurc- 
man,  hurican,  werrmt,  hctrmles,  wernig,  leproai,  lefles,  libidinus, 
lagc,  lamp,  laman,  liggwist,  lonjeviti,  l^vlihud,  holt^r,  ultimo, 
wildgrnes. 

Ecsepjoaa: — Salvajbn,  hw^R/puil,  pres^R'v,  ab^unditi,  jland. 

Meni  ov  ds  fernna  sujested  in  dis  qaptej  qr  doa  in  jengral  yqs 
hwen  WE  comenst  Iqrnig  f onografi.  3a  qr  undowtedli  gud;  but 
[  tigc  dat  ds  forms  j,  hav  (joan  qr  bet^r  fe^r  doa  comcnsig  ds  studi, 
£vn  hwar  ds  advantaj  ia  insufij^nt  tu  cowntgrbalans  ds  svl  ov  a 
qanj  aft^r  ds  habit  haa  bscum  establijt. 


ORAMMALOGt'EP.  33 


LESN1.     [29—31.]     Xe  Vowel  Grtmaloy:. 

18.  It  ma  sumtjm?  hapn  in  de  cors  ov  de  prokrgd  pub- 
licaRon  o  v  dis  buc,  dat  bettjr  forma  dan  dog  lad  down  in  its 
^rlitjr  pajea.  ma  be  discov^rd.     Sue;  imprcovmqnts  \vil  be 
regtjrvd  for  de  last  qapt^r  ov  Obg^rvafion?..     In  de  men  tim. 
suq  wurda  aa  involv  prinsipla  not  yet  fuli  investigated,  and 
hwiq  da^rfor  scin  most,  Ijabl    tu  be   Cjanjd  heruftqr.  wil    be 
mqrct  J,  in  errd^r  dat  de  Itjrn^r  ma  refqr  at  wuns  to  dat  tjap>- 
t^r,  and  aso/tan  hwedcjr  eni  ^anj  has  bin  mad. 

19.  In  aranjig  de  gramalogg,  j  hav  bin  sucsesful  in  di- 
ininih'ig  snmh\vot  de  number  ov  ecsepfiona  to  jen^ral  n\]& 
cle  foloig  list  embrasea  nerli  wun  fe^rd  ov  ol  de  wurd*  ov 
eni  ecstemporanius  speq. 


0  he^ 

1  de  in 

y  da^  and 

3  dar,  di^r{ 

N  V  II  '  / 

1  tii,  too  tu.  to  i          hu-m  fitid    bin 

2  o          but       h^r    how        OT       u]ion     for     unles 

3  01          ov         q.r     a,  an  on       bece'a  from 

For  'fiud'  de   dafi  h'ud   ohvaa  bp  struc  np(  and  ma  be 
jerynd  to  de  prinsipal  vtjrb  in  most  casen. 

20.     3e  wurd  'de'  ma  be  struc  aa  a  tic;  but  j  prefer  tu 
ii]>  lnvcnevt;r  it  ia  ecwali  oonvp.nyqnt.      It  can 
edtjr  wid  -filad'  or  'on'. 


34 

e£e  wuid  -and'  ma  be  ritn  M  An  inifia!  upward  tic,  and 
ina  bt  joyi.d  in  -de'  in  de  fra^  •arid  de.' 

V  f 

f  < 

V.  ;  < 

to  de     <>v  de        tiiid  de    ehw  de     upon  de    on  de 

21.  Let  me  her  cerfion  de  kjrn^r  agenst  atemtig  too  sun 
tta'rjt  rapid!!.  Y<n  hud  airi  tu  rjt  wel;  strjvfer  jeometri- 
cal  acii/asi.  and  ncv^r  atenlt  for  de  prez^nt  tu  rjt  u  seritqns 
owicli.  until  ym  hav  ritn  it  at  lest  bre  tjm^  sloli  and  aairat- 
li.  H\vei!  yro  h';il  h;iv  fabfuli  ger.n  broo  el  de  ecs^rsj?e<;  ov 
5is  buf\.  ya>r  h.ind  wil  hnv  acwjrd  a  familyariti  wid  fono- 
grafic  fcriin'-i;  and  rapiditi  ma  den  be  afand  widowt  dat  ir- 
reparabl  lys  ov  Icjibiliti  and  bi^ti  hwiq'must  aKuredli  ens\i 
from  atemtig  it  tit  sun. 


Ecaersiz.  —  Mqri  and  I'noc  or  hot  tu  1>e  iier  tu-da  tu  s? 
him.  fz-ic  ma  go  to  AK  how?,  nud  riri  A?  htl,  nnd  OBC  ferr  a  cac, 
unlss  h>  fi7<!  IIF.  tm  i!  tu  st  it.  But  o,  liow  mmi  qr  il  from  dar 
im  r«i|-rV.uig  !  Mrni  qr  hapi  do  da  hav  no  fibiii.  Tac  car  and 
f<rrm  no  Kal  it  in  i-.-iylivid  liwi.(  ina  afoot  fb.  hap  iu  aj.  Hr  ma 
1>£  feflti,  nn.  iiilii:  i,uf"  ih.it  he  cm  jdta  in  him?  fltij.  hs  ma  h» 
<!E.  licit  nin  tr.rif  j  oldti>  it  b>.iv  n.T>  p  i«-^r.  Foli  and  dat  ma  fal, 
but  luv  /al  teg  an  euemi  tu  din  de  no  rtfg  and  rlo>  hqrm. 


[32—40.]     5e  SW*. 

22.     In  slo  and  cqrfuil  ijtig,  it  ia  bet^r  tu  r^t  'big'  in 
upqr  plaa.  and  •});!>.•  ii<  Be  bt^rd  plas;  macig  de  list, — 

o  3 

O  o 

his  :>«  aa  b;is 

i 
mit  in  reporti|  di?  d&stifjfion  ma  be  disregq,r«1ed, 


NOTATION.  .);> 

23.  An  cestijrnal  consonant  ritn  bj,  a  stride  histed  ov  a 
,-o,rcl  orr  hue.  indieats  an  eesttjinal  vowel.  But  df  stroc  '«' 
ma  be  y^d  at  di-  fomeTism^r.t  ov  a  wurd  tu  distiggwifi  it 
from  'a 

3".e  prinsip'il  wurd?.  ov  <3is  claa  qr  — 

Zd,  selu^eqr,  »£ro,aenit;  and  Grec  proper  m-rii'. 

:M.     tie  dubl  stjrcl  ma  sumtjmH  be  yuml  Lw^r  df(r 
irscmed  vowc'i   tctwen  i;s  conslitv^nt  elements,  n« 
.><;rsi-!',  ;cc6osiv;;  and    anudyr  &jrrjl  ma  be   adod  }>i 
acrers  de  dtroc,  and  fermig  de  stjrcl  upon  (ic  u-ijr  s=3d; 
' 


2fc  In  de  rjtir)  ecs^rsj^eg  henaft^r.  in  o-rd.jr  tu  mqrc  a 
particiilnr  fonografic  owtlin.  de  apendajee  tc>  stioc  cun^,'- 
nants  wil  be  printed  in  italic;  vovrela  hwiq  qr  tu  be  ritn, 
wil  bp  printed  in  italic,  el  udi^rg  beig  emited  in  «•!  p-idiraii 
rjtig;  de  upward  strocs  wil  be  indicated  l>i  spio-1  capifci!^. 
(ecseptig  X  &s-  hw^r  j  aiu  compeld  tu  y\\z  capital?;)  df, 
pmited  let^ra  wil  be  indicated  bj  •  preficst.  *•  and  !  cutig  ex 
4e  beginig  or  end  ov  a  wurd;  de  joynig  ov  fpTm«  wil  be 
mq,rct  bj  a  hjt'en:  and  preficse?.  and  at'icsea  wil  be  piinte'l 
in  italic^  insijrtig  de  hjfen  hwen  da  q,r  tu  be  jpynd.  Wurd;-. 
completli  printed  in  dig  notafion.  and  to  hwiq  particular 
atenfion  b,  cerld,  wil  be  preceded  bj  a  dot. 

Jen§raK  3oz  wurda  onli  wil  be  mqjet  hwiq  recw^r  dat  u 
vowel  fial  be  inserted,  (y,  w,  and  U  beig  regarded  aa  vowels 
and  d^rfor  put  in  italic  hwen  da  q,r  tu  be  ritn,)  wurda  hwiq 
i-ecwjr  a  seleofion  from  dit^r^nt  f-3-rm«  [xjrhaps  apaivntli 
ecwal  in  elijibiliti.  or  wurda  pro?,»ntig  sum  pecqlyariti  in 


36  STESQPHONOGRAPHER. 

de  mod  ov  abreviah'ou.  It  is  bete/  dat  de  student  h'ud  bp, 
Bpqrig  ov  hi?  vowela;  (se  pajea  28  and  29.)  If  he  deajiv. 
tu  becum  mor  fumilyar  wid  vocalj/iah'ou,  he  h'ud  practis 
upon  isolated  wurda:  ecs^rsjsea  for  dat  purpus,  hwiq  ma  be 
omited  at  de  discrefion  ov  de  student,  wil  be  apended  to  ei; 
ov  de  foloig  lesna. 

Let  it  not  be  infe/d  dat  becoa  a  ward  ia  pqrtli  in  dis  no- 
tafion  de  hoi  must  be.  'Sual'  must  hav  de  vowel  inserted  : 
dp  ni\2  direct  how  de  rest  ovde  wurd  w  tu  be  ritn:  but 
'•h'a,r'  must  hav  de  'R'  struc  down,  hwotey^r  de  r\ih  sa. 

Bi  compq.rin  de  foloig  qgaampl  wid  de  orijinal  at  de  end 
ov  de  Manual,  dis  notation  wil  be  sufifi^ntli  ecspland. 

Eyznnipl.  rLwen1  in-<ff  cars  o'v1  /trfamn  events  it  bs'cu'mr  T\''-W- 
tMRi  fe'r  wan*  pepl  !tu  dizoi.v  'df  political  \>andz  hwiq  hav  f)»>'ri- 
e't  de'in  wi-&  anu^r,  aind  'tu  asi/wm  am«q  '&£  pow^r-"(ov  d»;) 
«Rt  d£  -separ&t  aud  ec/caL  sinfon  'to-hwiq  fe  L^;  ov  nsUu'i'12  aiid  ov 
God1  >.TLtitl  de'm,  a  fasn\t  Rwp^ci  'to-<fe  op'iuyow^1  ov 

"Cj'»J  wcivirz  dat1   da  f  «'d  -drc/ar  ds  co^e*  hwiq  impel.  de:m 

-^£  separafon. 


csersiz.  —  Asperiti  linae*!1  ite  deajnz.  Hiz  laaiues  iz  rtali 
ecsesiv:  hs  dislics  hig  hues1,  and  acguoli  duz  notig  at8  el.  Foli 
eff?.cz?  soro,  do  sajess  ma  be  at  tima1  unhapi:J.  Binibodi«  mac  sad3 
havoc8  in  eni1  hows8.  Ssc  no  ad  in  *bi«mw'2  afara,  unles  it  bt  a 
nesesiti  hwiq  no  scil  er  zsl  ma  remedi.  Rigec.  q,r  set  b[  sum  for 
dar  on  sac  az  d£  Q£f  hapines  ov  Ijf;  da  ma  help  tu  mac  (&1  hapi'\ 
but  hav  a  car  err  da  wil  banij  el  -pUR  je'y1  from  dj  sol. 


LESN  ».     [41—43.]     Com-;  -;>;  rr:  mjK  fr. 

26.     3e  prefics  'com'  err  'con'  fiud  be  ritn  wid  a  Ijt  dafi, 
vowel  co',  at  de  comensm^nt  OT  de  wurd  and 


JVR,    MP,    A!fU    LR.  37 

:it  rjt  aggh  vid  its  t'^rst  stroc.      It  ma  frecwe,ntli  be  o'mited 
in  defiant  stjl.  and  olmust  ohvaa  in  reportig. 

tie  lit  dot  propijrli  represents  -acorn':  and  find  seldom  be 
rjmited. 

j.     In  sum  CHS^X  it  i«  bi't'jr  not  tu  rjt  <le  com-  err  ryw-  a?  a  prs- 
fics.  but  tu  nt  it  in  1'ul:  a*,   ciuinit.  co/'oc/.  coftf'e*. 

/•.  In  sum  caseii  de  da/  ma  br  jtrynd:  a?,  in  dt;  foloig  wurd* 
hwicj  mjt  uil;rwp.  l)r  rerijli  red  hwen  left  unvoculj/tl.  w^r  At  daf 
.oinited: — /vw-ductor,  c<MJ-deJenrf,  row-on,  cvw-en-v,  cow-oditi. 

J7.  fie  Ujrminalion  'ig'  ma  be  ritn  bi  de  Ijt  dot.  repre- 
'^.eiitig  'i' :  but  de  t^rminafion  'ig>;'  fiud  be  r^tn  in  ful.  3c 
\vurdx — brig,  cig,  clig,  wig,  big,  nobig,  sumbig,  strig,  rig, 
flig.  .^prig,  .^tig,  sig — fiud  not  be  ritn  bi  de  dot,  beco-i;  de  (ig' 
in  .sug  wurdf.  ia  not  a  separabl  tijrminafion :  and  de  wurda 
—  beiQ.  dutig.  rjtig.  wilig.  and  meni  udt^re.  qr  mor  conven- 
y^ntli  ritn  bi  de  stroc. 

28.  Hre  hevi  strocs  not  recwjrd  in  (it  alfabet  q;  turnd 
to  a  veri  yi^sful  purpos  a«  compownd  caracttjr?..  fecr  vr,  lr, 
and  mp.§  Hwjl  dis  K  no  mor  q,rbitrari,  it  i«  a  mucj  mor 
conveuy^nt  empU.rym<^nt  ov  fonograt'ic  material. 

/.  3e  priusipal  \vurda  in  hwi^  &f  rr  caraetqr  '&.  yn>;il.  nv  de?.: 
Bsv^r:  behavyor.  belev^r,  ever,  ev^ri,  wsv^r,  ovtjr,  wav^r,  hov- 
^r,  however,  prenijrvqr,  obatjvvtjr,  hwotcvqr,  hwotsocv«jr,  trovqr, 
djvqr,  dessvtjr,  discover,  drjvqr,  drover,  cwivqr,  covfjr,  clsvtjr,  clo- 
vqr,  clever,  givtjr,  fev^r,  favor,  forever,  sever,  savyor,  savor,  se- 
ver, hiusoevtjr,*  howsoever,  survivor,  sovran,  Jivqr,  Jav^r,  Juv^r, 
huievijr,  hwarevqr,  hwarsoevqr,  ressvqr,  recover,  rivijr,  levqr, 
luvqr,  inorovqr,  nevqr,  hwenev^r. 

m.    2s  prinsipal  wurd?i  in  hwiq  de  mp  caractijr  ia  yq,nd,  qr  AEZ-, 
Important,  impriuv,  impcwibl,  impertinent,  impius.  impoz,  iza- 


448260 


pjoti,  impiU,  impsd,  impudgnt,  import,  impcirt.  impasiv,  impos- 
qur,  impasibl.  impur,  empower,  impUR,  en^jr,  impsc;.  impel,  im- 
puls.  uinpi,  impun,  impuniri,  pump,  plump,  bump,  temp«jrac;m, 
temper,  tamper,  temp«jrans,  trumpet,  trampl,  damp,  dumpily 
gampion,  jump,  camp,  cramp,  clamp,  comprornja,  campan,  eg- 
aompl,  tump,  stamp,  simpl,  aanipl,  j'ampan.  limp,  limpid,  lump, 
lamp. 

n.  2e  priasipal  wurds  ia  hwiQ  ds  ir  caract^r  i?.  vu.?.d,  <v  det:  • 
CTiredi,  pilor,  polar,  pecqlynr,  perpendicular,  bo'yl^r,  til<jr,  talor, 
te.l^r,  tabular,  tubular,  dslqr,  dwel^r,  dal^r,  dolar,  stclar,  jal^r, 
jocular,  culor,  color,  ocular,  global  or,  'salor,  solar,  similar,  ^cr- 
ular,  selnlar,  fel^r,  valor,  rul^r,  rol^r,  oracular,  l^rj,  mil^r,  mo- 
lar, 


Eetenis.  —  To  cow-on  sens  i*  bjz  apel.  Compel  hie  sU, 
if  he  Bsma  tu  -puKpcw  escapir)  from  At  sitj*.  3f  ifflig  suo  macs 
evqri  bory  dczjr  a  -rejes,  tu  acompani  hi».  fclo?,  to  de  -hit-top,  tn 
in  sum  slain  -pqEti.  3s  tops  ov  df  Icriti  hi!«  re«£v  dg  rae  ov  At 
setix)  sun.  de  biloz  rol  in  tow^rig  h[t  on  ds  sf  ;  but  de  slo  sali^j 
ve*el  r[dz  safli  en,  ftrles  ov  &z  be'ylirj  s-urj,  and  ds  raj  ov  ds  m;ti 
dsp.  Hop  on,  hop  cvqr;  trui  IJl",  trui  det.  Meni  compoe  hues 
bj  compjlirj,  and  sum  bj  copiig  hoi  paje?,  but  if  da  sa  so  fscrli  da 
Qr  abuv  dessvig:  —  so  -tQZ  ds  buc1  from  hwiq  j  tac  Bum  ov  dga  -ec- 
Jize*,  and  'OLdo  j  ma  <janj  meni  in  so  dmig  &  buc  sara  ms 
in  macirj  up  &KZ 


Eciertiz.—  Mismanajin,  vjvajusnes,  posificatori,  fe- 
v^rijnes,  vjsQanselor,  bombastic,  impowqrijig,  publicli,  obstinatli, 
mistuizm,  iuyja*ivDC3,  s^jrbosnes,  baladmacty. 


LEStf  10.     [44.]     Loyogrtmz 


29.  Q  ferrm  ma  represent  a  ward  <w  a  frag.  Hwen  it 
coraprjaes  an  entjr  ivurd,  merli  ecseptig  de  voweh,  it  wil 
not  be  nesesari  tu  giv  it  eni  spefial  atenfion,  fur^qr  dan  tu 
print  it  in  de  notafion  ov  ferrm,  hw^r  it  f^rat  ocura.  And 
po  olbo  wid  fraaeogrsma  forrmd  bj  de  mer  jiigcfion  ov  d» 


STfiNOPHONOGlUPHKH.  33 

wurdg  widowt  coales^ns.  Sum  ov  de  most  advantajxis 
contracted  gramalogv:  and  fra^eograma,  qr  contand  in  tie 
foloig  list: 

bl    tu  be        g1    giv  Ir     olrodi        sb8     subject 

b!    object        g'    toge&jr       Ir8     Iqrj  sts    satisfj 

t'1     tjm  f1     fqrst  tup1  imprcuv    sg1    signify 

d1     dif^r^nt    ft*     biijc  mp'  itop^rtant  "     in  de 

<j'    raucj          b8    feagc  gl    big         mps1  imposibl 

c1     comit        da    dem  g3     laggwajj 

c*     cum  fi!     fial  2 


.     Jit  fnu  /«  i/f  i«  ht;  inserted  becea  ov  sa^  frfc^vqnt  ocui^ns. 
Lesn  20,  and  Obeqrvajone,  €ajit«r  2.] 


Ers'rs'iz.  —  CJi-hiu  <uyjr  tu  be  hapi  jud  sec  tu  impnuv;  for 
it-i?,-imposibl  -l^g  tu  satisfj  ds  sol  in  coutinnd  tigcig  upon-de 
sain  subjects  and  -puRsuiq  dt  sam  objects.  It-ia-yug'lil  tu-tac-up 
muQ  tjin  iu  comitig  to-racnidri  dif«;r«jnt  thji  hwig  signHj  nothj, 
ing-az  aeni  laij^waje^,  -actvir?;/  tir)&  for-hwig  nobodi  wil  ev^r 
Cage  dem;  but-it-i?  impertunt  for  -juc.?e.»2  f.;ret  tu  no  muq  ov  ti^jz 
hwiq  cum  iu-de  d«li  afare  ov  Iji'.  If  dou-3  luv  skp  JORO  and  -Jam 
Jal  cum  upon  dc1.  Gosipij  and  ljuj*  ga-toge3^r.  3oa  hui  giv 
Iqrj  dosez  wil  sun1  £iv  sinerl«§r,  and  doa  hui  giv  smcrl  wil  -sts1 
tu-giv  eni:  1'crr  Fiaioloji  ia  olredi  tsqii)  reform. 


cfsrsi?.  —  Embarasig,  absuRditi,  misiuform, 
atnes,  misgifmuo'?;,  fatlesnes,   pom/osi;!,    inonstrus,  fosforesqn?; 
absentei?m,  monosilabic, 


LESN\\.     [45—55.]     3t  W  Seris  ovJDlfti-'-.; 

30.     Turn  to   de  aifabet  upon  paj  3,  for  de*^   sen;-   u* 
oorespondig  to  de  s^rcijlar  vowel  seal.     3&  Lav  ce- 
fownd  it  nesesari  ru  distiggwifi  betwen  de  q  and  fte  a 
iu  conecfion  wid   w  and  y:  j  hav  da.rfor  prepa,rd  .nd 
idod  ov  raq  •".-••  ij  %  -Hotirjcfion:  ds  di;plicafion  ov  de  curvet 


40  STBROrKONOGRAPHER. 

claii.  (hwiq  \v<>,-,  yi^d  bj  MT  Pitman  in  1845  for  -wo'.)  uia 

be  yip.d  far  de  a.  serin,  if  it  hud  ev^r  be  neded. 

cle  esiest  wa  tu  remember  de  direction  ov  de  <.'.urvz,  iz  bj 

de  frag  'wid-hwot',  hwiq  forma  d  Roman  s. 

'    31.     <Ie  w  hue  i  dao  not  aproov:  it  ig  a  direct  intqrfer^c,, 

wid  ud^r   and  fqr  mor  important  abreviafiona.      [Se  Lean 

13.  and  Obaqrvah'ona,  C:it>tj;r  2.] 

32.     tie  foloit)  rt\i  gramalogg  qr  now  introdiist: 

Wid.  wqr,  hwcii,  WOT.  hwot,  wun,  wud.  hwjl.     (Se  paj 

14  fo-rde  forma,  and  ferde  remanig  gramalog<;  ov  dis 


wrsi:.  —  We  hi-r  ov  wuman?.1  wscnes1,  but  we-no  liqr 
wurt.  XK-I>:  olwa<  redi  tu-siuil  At  aijgwif  ov  -di-gK,  and  J'E  fslfe  no 
wfrinc*1  hwjl  woqig  ovqr  rte  sic.  IMa-wud  bar  wid  him  but  tor 
wun  mnut,  dta-wud-ljc  liim.  tig  wiccd  Jal  bar  hi*  on  iaicwiti?.: 
and-d£,wat  ov-hia-on  siaa  Jal  firl  ujiou  him.  A  rwjet  tuij  jo>.  a 
\v[z  lied.  lit.  slo  tu  sa  and  cwic  tu-dui:  for  dmig  iiotig  ia  duiii)  il. 
llwcn  Jo2cf  and  'fftlyom  w-;r  in  (le  wtrr,  hwot-wud  wt-hav-sed 
if  da  had  hurid  ovqi1  to-iis  cnemi.  WOT  wurcs  miaqri,  hwjl  P&r1 
giva  cttm  rcpoa  to  erl.  Hwj  Jud  WE  oil  and  £t  swjn,  ocsn,  cowg, 
and  Jgp.  Ev;ii-tir)  v.  de  v.'urs  firr  war  in,  and  pictiucs  djz  cwicli. 
Luv  cum*  and  goa  1[C  a  spel.  Hwjl  dar  ia  Ijf  dar  i<i  hup. 

Vocalizli]  Ei'surs'iz.  —  Teni/warines,  mi'civaJli,  vj<?consul,  poai- 
tivncs,  tjmsqR'vr,  Masagu»eta,  taut  ilia'//,  benofisqns,  fjilajusnes. 
tanjibiliti,  bancstoc,  tena/usnes.  hwimaicaliti. 

LESN  \'2.     [56—58.]     ffe  Y  Scri:  ov  Diftoy:. 

33.  3is  finifica  de  alfabet  givn  upon  paj  3.  Hensforti 
de  student  h  adv^d  tu  yua  fonografi  &?.  muq  M  posibl,  in 
corespondo,ns  and  nd^nv-j^,.  In  de  rjtig  ecsqrsjsieg,  a«  hprtfi- 
for.  cqr  wil  be  tacn  dat  no  wurd  fial  OCTIT  until  it  can  be 
ritn  witl  (ie  best  form:  but  .in  rjtig  intended  frrr  yqs  ruder 
dan  practis.  hwa_r  mor  atenfion  wil  be  pad  to  de  sub.stans 
dan  to  de  form  ov  de  rjtig,  de  advantaj  ov  formig  de  habit 
de  fonografic  caract^ra  wil  mor  dan  oownt^rbaloms 


STKNOPHONOGHAPHKK.  41 

de  evl  ov  ocagonali  ynaig  an  ecward   form:  an    evl    hwiq 
de  asidi^us  praetis  ov  des  rjtig  ecsqrsjaeg  wil  eradicat. 

34.  tie  direcfion  ov  de  curve  ov  de  y  serig,  ma  be  eaili 
remembi^rd  bj  de  frag  'yet  yoo',    M  .   de  Roman  s  plast  on 
wun  sjd,  hwiq  jeryna  redili  to  rwil.' 

Bj  Ijsqns  de  y  seria  ov  difbogg  ig  jen^rali  yujid  hwen  i  \z 
folod  bj  a  vowel:  az,  varyus  for  variua.  i  consider  dis 
unnosfisavi,  oldo  it  ma  be  conveny^nt. 

35.  tie  foloig  n\\  gramaloga  qr  now  introdT|st: 
Yet  ycnr,  beyond.     (Se  olso  paj  14.) 

Ritiy  EI-SIT-IIZ.  —  Hwot  r&  wuitt  dvuir)  -at-Gfl3,  iz  wurt  duiir)  wel. 
Yiu-wil  hf;  so  poaitiv,  and-yet-yui  no-notir)  ov-it'hsyond  hwot- 
«•«  <rl  no,  hwicj-ia  scarsli  cni-tig.  Pa  aa-yui-go.  Nu-YeRc  and 
Siiisiaati  iiv.populus  sitiz.  De«^nv  suwe*,  and  yvu-Jal-hav  it.  A 
cut  ma-luc  at  a  cirj.  Hwot-ia-(cl£)-r£gii  yui  asc  so^mug  fer-yiur 
hwet  <Jus3  ^rli  in-dg-sum^r.  Sail)  and  diuig  qr  tq,  tiija.  Humaniti 
fud  evqr  liv  in  p?.s,  'dwelirj  togcd^r  in  At  ^rt  iu  hqrmoni  and  luv. 
Hwot-ia  evqribodia  -bianes  i«  nobodiz  biancs.  Tac  hfd1  err-ym' 
wil  luiK1  in  ymr  3abi^n.y  hwot-yiu^tir|c  ig  secur.  -BaJneJ  nev^r 
sec^ra  luv,  hut  ma  cur  it.  No  alcemi  is  ecwal  to  savir). 


iz.  —  Disparajigli,  peryanusnes,  r^rmtiliti,  ad- 
vj?cdli,  scwemij'ncs,  im/veriusncs,  absttmiusnes,  hWELbaro,  bown- 
tiusnes,  div^Rsiti,  acU-qrsiti,  vecsa/Usli,  fastidiusli. 

Turn  now  to  paje?.  14  and  15,  and  coraens  practisiij  in  ds;  mod 
tecomended  nsr  ds  botom  ov  paj  30.  Construct  /errt  sent^nsea 
tu  con  tan  sq  wurd,  and  rjt  eg  seht^ns  tr£  tjma.  Or  J  tine  a  stil  be- 
t^r  mod  wiad  bfe  tu  rjt  EC  sent^ns  tvuns,  and  tu  go  ov^r  dg  wurda 
t.f,  tini?,:  fen-  ills  wud  secivr  mug  betqr  redig  Icsna,  and  it  ia  ov  de 
utmost  importans  dat  cq  ritig  ecsp,rsja  Jud  be  mad  olso  a 
(•'•><jrsjx.  (Se  sccjona  3  and  21.) 


42 


36.  To  de  tall  givn  in  de  Maimicil.  [60.]  ad  rl.  ml. 
and  nl.  Cunjirj  de  \-A\\\  ov  dea  form?  to  \vr,  wm.  and  wn. 
ccraea  mug  inconveny'^ns  if  invariabli  oba^rvd;  beccrs.  Invjl 
daj  q.r  veri  i\\  case*:  in  Inviq  de  w  hue  can  be  advantajusli 
emplo-yd.  it  prevents  de.yiis  ov  de  1  hue  in  a  Iqrj  clas  ov 
wurdg,  nieni  ov  hwkj  q,r  important. 


pi3     pepl  tl3     until  lip     cabolic 

bl1     bclev  (IP    deliver  nl8     nolej 


.-.  —  i-lif-'lf.v  wg-Jal-hav  tv.-/'v?t  nnt.il  de  oatolics  (lel;- 
vqr  to  dc  pppl  to  cf^  ov  nol'.-j  bj  almvii/  il.'in  ds  B/b/  in  dar  iami- 
li/1.:  !'<n--it-i-).  vu-lcs  tia-luc  to  r  *ea»iW  pepl  oinur)  doa  hiu  tine  da 
bav  )io  rjt  tu-juj  ov  rjt  and  rrrrj.  id/ncs  i^  a  plnjj  to  dg  scola?1,  ferr 
bj-bi^  iiep-:k  ct  hr.  lin^.c?.  erl  clam  to  apl'v.-'*:  it  i>.  fnnifia/.  bycerg  he 
fud  .-re  tii  lit;  y.it-i'i,!/  to-i1o.--})i.u  tat-  'jnitj  ov  him  and  rtpa  dem  for 
dar  tcpyl  and  aij^ieti:  it  i^  unnviMb/.  for  it  i^  pcsiij  bj  df.  fsd-tim 
and  yet  luc'i:  iilcnti  in  dc  Fo'l:  and  i'nio/i.  it  it.  ofu/3,  ferr 

jdl  habits"  \\'il  r<v/>tiui;'7i  bfcu:in  \vitrs-(and)-\vnrs.  and  jdlnes  wil 
C'ii/i  wnrc  t'(-r  rvl  and  n:iM;u.  So  if-w£-\vud-bf  ft*.  V.K  Jud  em- 
o\\  rj  t;m  bcnefij'a/i  and  ha]iii.i:!. 


J'o'-u'  ;-.  —  (')fcnsivli,  niistfrinsnes,  spcsific-a/i.  tcmpes- 

tnn-nos.  nnilii^unsnc.-.  >]K.-J-/ti    spa/nsnes.  ap/icub/,  distatisfactori, 
crspi/ns,  i-ub/iniiti;  iui/iicuj'a/.  ijco/ojicu/.  i-i'ii.vib/. 

JL  cli-  foloii)  qr  ,-uni  uv  iis;  pii'iH'j.vd  \vurds?  in  hwig  As,  I  hue  ia 
yit^d  in  finccjoa  \'.~\A  K,  i>i.  and  n,  most  ov  hwiq  must  tac  veri 
ocward  or  difii-ult  1'imn?.  it  ds:  .r  hue  Jud  be  substituted: 

K/.  TiclP,  rdjubl,  ml-tca,  rt'laut,  rfaliti,  rclat,  rcla/iv,  wurkP. 
rclijou,  relic,  rclnc/un?,  relacs,  rcli'f,  reltv.  iclevant,  rcles,  igalj^,  rc- 
lij.  mlro'',  rcliu,  relent,  relincwij,  enOtrli,  scv^rol:  ?c  ols<7  not  r.  •» 
pa  5.  f"r  u'i.;r  \vi  das< 


STKNOrilOXOGKAPHKR.  43 

ml.  Animal,  amalgams/on,  camel,  malignant,  melancoli,  mile, 
mulhcri.  multipli,  multifarius.  militari,  malcontent,  promulga/on, 
maltrtt,  malcdiojon,  iiiuladnnaistrajou,  malefactor,  malevolent, 
nialvcjr.snjoii,  cmohurKjnt,  milcnium. 

nl.  Onli,  iu-lVj.iaf^niaJ,  r.olej,  analitical,  analisis,  analoji,  ana- 
logus,  anak,  cqrdinal,  ganel.  cronoloji,  frsnoloji,  etnoloji,  curnel 
criminal,  cnl[tnd,  enlist,  cnlivn,  gtqmal,  ecstqrnal,  final,  jenealoji, 
internal,  juvcnil,  jurnal,  orijiual,  nominal,  nulificajon,  paternal, 
maternal,  penalti,  pqrsnal,  promulgajon,  rajoual,  signal,  tecnoloji, 
t-rmin  loji,  tuncl,  vtnyal,  Danycl,  colonial,  tinsal,  unerltqrabl, 
uuljc,  comonwclt,  enlcirj,  iuland,  inalyenabl,  unwiliij,  in-les-dan, 
iu-l[c-manqr. 


LESN  U.     [72—82.]     &  R  Hue. 

38.     Ad  tie  r  hue  to  (ie  1,  maciij  de  upward  Ir. 

p.  3.z  hue  inu  fumtjinK  be  iudicatfd  bj  dg  jjlasiij  ov  At  Sjrcl;  u* 
iu  dg  foloin  casrg: 

Discurteus,  discuraj,  discrejou,  discrimiuajou,  disagip,  diagram, 
disparaj. 

q.  3e  dubl  consonants  qr  yu?d  hwcn  dar  in  no  acsented  vow- 
el betwEn  dem.  But  iu  de  foloir)  case?,  and  sum  udt^r  l»g  wurda, 
&x,  hue  ma  be  yu«d  to  advanfrj: 

Til,  tcl,  it  wil,  told,  toward,  dsr,  hwiq  wil,  car,  cwl,  cerld,  cold, 
gold,  ful,  vain,  da  wil,  .fu,r,  Jcnt,  mer,  mor,  nsr,  ner,  onli. 

Politi,  pqrlyam^nt,  palpabl,  balans,,  torment,  dtirc,  jdolatri 
qariti,  qaritabl,  qalenj,  qarm,  jelusi,  caractcjr,  cwoliti,  cwolificajon, 
aco-rdin,  coloui,  golden,  g»irden,  valuabl,  SKVEI-,  luelanoli. 

Filter,  politics,  parugraf,  ptjr.se-ver,  pcujul,  cjgrful,  colcj,  caluii  ni 
calculat,  cerrntjr,  cerrdyal,  cerrporat,  earner,  f onward,  frenoloji, 
Valuabl,  vqrni/,  Jcirp,  /<ju-,  remqrc,  lord,  mile,  aiiialgamnt,  iw.rvel% 
mc'rgaj.  nolej,  nerrt.  eno-rlnus,  iuo-rdiunt. 


44  8TENOPHONOGRAPHER. 

Purpl,  prefer,  pqrvqrs,  purgativ,  pqrsn,  burni/,  terminal,  gurc;, 
Jqrmani,  j^nn,  jurni,  cumj,  culpabl,  cultivat,  cornel,  af^nn.  furd^r, 
f§rtil,  furnitur,  furnij,  fulmiaat,  coufqr,  v^rb,  vcjrs,  vqrcju,  vqrjin. 
vultur,  vulgar,  repulsiv,  refqr,  lure,  Igrn,  murder,  murmur,  incur. 
infqr,  mil  if  i,  nqrv,  nurs,  nurij. 

r.     Hwen  foloig  a  sgrcl  turair)  iu  ds  opozit  direc/ou.  it  'n  bet^r 
not  tu  yua  dg  hue:  — 
Riaibl,  irasibl. 

s.  3.S  tormina/on  61  ma  often  bs  separated,  and  dus  folo  A? 
ri;l,  bgig  ritn  wid  a  hue;  az  — 

Admisibl,  respoasibl,  ireaponsibl,  imposibl,  indispensibl. 

t.  3s.  tormina/on  biliti  iz  sufi/qntli  ccsprest  bj  At  b.  3e  foloig 
qr  ds  prinsipal  wurda  wid  dat  tormina/on: 

Posibiliti,  probabiliti,  dsbiliti,  durabiliti,  disabiliti,  capabiliti, 
credibiliti,  plereibiliti,  afabiliti.  falibiliti,  flccsibiliti,  vizibiliti,  sta- 
biliti,  sensibiliti,  rizibiliti,  elijibiliti,  mobiliti,  mutabiliti,  immuta. 
biliti,  immobiliti,  imposibilitj,  inability,  nobiliti,  invizibiliti,  com- 
patibiliti,  incompatibility 

u.  3e  dubl-lent  curvz  q,r  gefli  yu«d  tu  ecspres  ds  adi/on  ov  de 
wurd  far,  m  de  fraa  &a,  qr. 

Fctdgr,  furd^r,  didqr,  de  ud^r,  sud^rn,  led^r,  led^rn,  radqr,  mudqr, 
evqri  udqr,  ned^r,  anudqr,  nffrdqrn. 

If  dar,  (dar,  dar,  da  qr,)  hav  dar,  tigc  dar,  do  dar,  so  dar,  woz 
dar,  /al  dar,  her  dar,  wil  dar,  ma  dar,  in  dar. 

39.  N\i  gramologa. 

pr3  practis  qr*     na<jqr         gr*  plegi^r 

br3  re-member  qr3    fiiqHr          nr3  mangr 

trs  trq,b  cr2     caract^r      Ir2  familyar 


Ecsersiz.  Remember  tu  practis  in  fugu,r  hweneT^r  yui 
hav  l£3xir  tim,  and  luc3  wel  to  dt  man^r  in-hwiq-yui  practis.  If 
yui  rjt  erl  de  caract^ra  aa-wel-az-pofib/,  it-wi/  naqvaLi  gir-yiu 


TABLES    Of    R    AND    L.  45 

tu  SE  how  family ar  yui-wil-bt;cum  wid  de  ferriua  ov  de 
r  wur-li!.  i-bi-lEv-dat  sum  yug  repoRtqr  urn  yet  mac  AK  crors-ruliij 
yiisful,  oi.do  tu-tc/  ds  triit  WE  Jud-nu  mor  ov-ittu  enabl  us  saii,i 
tu  advji  cni  %vun  tu  yu?  it.  A  sobqr  ptjr.ro  stcs1  tu-wa  ds  tru1 
va/u*  ov  erl  tirj>..  aud  tu  la  up  no  tregura  in  trifle  but  radtjr  in 
hwot  i«  important.  Practis  hwot-yiu  pretj  if  yiu  wud  hav  udqr^ 
tu  foLO  yui.  C£E  flowqra  giv  font  dar  swEt  p^rfum,  aud  erl  na<jur 
smjlis  dis  glorius  suintjr  da. 

h.  3t  foloiy  tabl  ia  contiuud  from  pajez  7  to  12.  aud  coutan<! 
wunla  obairj  ds  ri;l  givn  in  sec/on  10.  It  wil  yuguali  be  unnese- 
sari  tu  imlicat  ni  dis  tabl  de  yus  ov  de  s^rcl  err  AK  hues. 


WURDZ  CONXaNW  R,  L,  AND  T. 

T^i/  2.     Wurdz  on  mor  llan  2  Consonants. 
(Cjutiiitid  from  p^j  12.) 

L  intermediat,  struc  up.  P[\ot.  pulef,  poluf,  palia/,  pala/, 
pelet,  eperlef,  politi;  paliaiiv;  pilod,  pulid;  pilaj,  opoloji,  apolojjz; 
epflog,  apolog;  pole*,  pch;*,  hople*,  haple^.  pala.9,  polisi;  pii.rihuii- 
mus;  pol^;  pclu-ml,  pali.rad;  polij;  prela?,  pru>la<;  prtlud;  proli&riti; 
prolific;-  pqclyamqwi:  pn;lim:iuari;  perihslyon,  purle-yn;  proltrr);- 
pavilyou;  opulent,  palancgn,  opulqnsi:  Batalyon,  ba>'.i]i^f••.- 

abJolq,<,  ol)«olet;  ab^  lu/o»;-  bra*le^;  b/:ilyaw(;-  bulct,  bile?,  baUf, 
balot,  abiliti;  biladua;  buloc,  belicos;  balif;  bilyu*,  obolij.  bulvo»; 
baluiw:  tu^elaj,  tetoloji;  tulip;  twjl/f,  terylc<;  yutiiiti;  tilaj,  iialic. 
owtliv,  atlaf;  'contem^lai;  talo«,  owtlj»,  talent:  dwohU,  dc^olat, 
do.silili;  di.sljc,  di^locat;  ilisoln/flw,  dtso\sfo/rt  di.Tinuila<;  lydrerlie. 
delj,*,  dihU,  dilat,  dalj<,  dclud;  wedloc,  djulog;  htdle.?,  duelist, — 
deuiolif:  qalw:  jeJticula<;  ajiliti,  joliti:  capiiula^;  catalog,  co^ilvo', 
ecwivalqrct;  ecsclqnt;  ce-^le*,  cqi'dlaj,  car.'e.»;  colaf,  tcwoliti;  colic, 
colocwi,  (cwttlja,  coales,  calus,  acqmqlat,  acwilin,  colon:  g<u- 
l^ud,  cougratulat,  gilottn,  galacsi,  galoz,  galon,  galant: 

s,-  fasiliti,  fiaioloji,-  f^>filiti,  frolic,  fuHerg,  folod,  folyaj, 


46 

fulasi,  fuilij,  falajus,  filoloji,  fol0r,r,  fdjn,  felon,  feiimi:  vasalaj 
avgrluc,-  avalabl,  vjolat,  v[olci,  valet,  v;.!i:l,  vales,  voli/on, 
viola/on,  velum,  vjolin,  violent,  vcntila/on:  lertles:  Stimiilai, 
scjljt,  scilet,  scandalus;-  step,  slip,  sluip,  slap,  slop,  aslcp,-  seli- 
basi,  salubriti,  selebriti,  silabl,  solqbl,  isolat,  osihit,  snlitud,  slcr- 
tqr,  solitari,  sahitari,  solid,  soliditi,  slej,  siloji<sin,  site,  sine,  select, 
slacn,  slug,  slag,  slsv,  slav,  slargri,  sluvn,  slot,  solisit,  solisitq,d, 
selqri,  salari,  sloqr,  solilocwi,  sefiilar,  slim,  sljm,  solera,  slam,  asj- 
lum,  slumber,  silind^v,  slendqr,  sland:;v,  asimilat:-  Kooloji,  aelus;- 
Amplifj,  imbesiliti,  mtteoroloji,  modula/on,  hwimxicaliti,  mnsiln1. 
miselani,  mualin,  htimiliti,  mulato,  hu.miliat,  ciniilat,  amulet, 
militat,  melodi,  inaladi,  mjlaj,  emulus,  amles,  homles,  mali.>, 
mali/us,  maljii,  milyon,  melon;  Ncbiilus,  netilus,  novelti, 

invalid,  iusulat,  insolent,  namles,  anomalus. 

L  intermtdiat — str/tc  down.  Pelt,  puls;  bilt,  belt,  b<olt,  bild, 
bold,  bghold,  bo-Id,  bewilder,  bulc;-  tilt;-  dolt,  dwelt,  adult;- 
jilt,  jolt:  cwilt,  colt,  egeult,  egao-lt,  gilt,  gila;  fasil,  frehold, 
fqrtil,  felt,  fild,  fold,  fe-ls,  film;  verlt,  ovijrhwelm;  widhold;- 
scold,  scffld,  aserlt,  soltqr,  sweltijr,  sultri, sultan,  asald,  howshold, 
seldom,  silc,  silcen,  silf,  sulfur,  selvej,  silver,  solstis;  melt,  melt, 
mjld,  mold;  entjild,  insult. 

R  wid  vowel  foloiy — struc  up.  Poetri,  pofqri,  pecunyari,  apo- 
tecari,  predatori,  p^rjuri,  plajiari;  bi-jb^ri,  obligatori;  tributari, 
terifori,  contrarficfori,  treg^ri,  coutrari,  [tiu^rari;  dic/onari,  ad- 
v^rsari,  dwcre/onari,  directori,  dreri,  di/atori,  a(lu/<qri.  adutatori; 
jgometri;  cwaceri,  customari,  c[m£ra,  camera,  cuntri;  glosari, 
.glori;  factori,  fluri,  flowsjri,  fjw^ri;  vctari,  victori,  visrery,  vi- 
Sonari,  voluntari;  sparo,  sta/onari;  stori,  histori,  seclentari,  sec- 
ondari,  semeteri,  simetri,  sumari,  scnturi,  senqri:  moc^ri,  mistgri, 
mostqri,  miaqri,  Misuiri,  cmisari,  memori,  mumcjri,  monitori, 
mandatori,  monastpri;  comentari,  notari,  injuri,  incwjri,  invento- 
ri,  nesesari,  insendiari,  nursqri,  ouorari. 

E  final — struc  down.  Epictir,  comper,  compar,  pi^jor,  pjonsi: 
obsciir,  briar,  blsr,  blur,  blunder:  contuir;  transpjr:  deplor, 


TABLES    OF    It    ANJ>    I,. 

<lr,1>cir,  devowr.  despar,  dc«jr,'lr£r.  adinjr,  demur,  demur,  dcmgnor; 
erspjr,  ccsplor,  ckr;  gitqr,  gaaeter,  grostjr;  ferrswar,  friar. 
front?'1,  flor.  flar,  flower;  ovqrsgr,  ovqvher.  volnntn-;  spa-,  spjr, 
spar.  spqr.  aspir,  jupsnor,  stqr,  star,  erster,  secur,  sccr.  scvar, 
scar,  scs.tr,  scowr,  cscvvjr,  sfer,  sim^r,  smer,  sum^r,  sinssr,  sensor, 
senfer,  sner,  sEiiyor,  snor,  snar:  empjr,  umpjr,  mov/ntansr,  ma- 
/•Ur;  ciifjr,  cn'/fr,  cn'/ur,  ansyr. 

In  dis  clas  qr  olso  Az  foloiij: — 

I)t'i-ii-,'itii-  tioms.  Pox^r,  compoaqr,  predesesor,  purqas^r,  pro- 
fcsor,  puvif  qr,  opresor.  apraayr,  purser,  pla^r,  plost^rgr;  bj-;r,  bru< 
(jr,  blund^rqr;  trj_fl^r,  trejurqr,  ut^rqr,  tmnsgresor,  adv[i!(g'r,  dis. 
pcns<;r,  <ljtji-,  duiqv,  dresq;-,  [dl^r,  coudensqr,  dans^r;  qiugfjr;  justi- 
%r;  cat-jr^v.  acunyr,  erc/onsr,  crjijr,  carigr;  gadqr^r;  ofisqr,  coufcs- 
or,  fensqr;  vcnyu^r;  sup^r^jgor,  hwisp^ryr,  sponsor,  ssdqsqn 
snf.jrqr,  asesdr,  -:'y^r,  slsqr,  smatqrtjr;  Jaivr;  qrrifis^r:  laborer, 
lecturer,  luigqr;  inurdgrqr,  nuirmurqr,  manufacturer;  wondqrqr. 

Derivativ  ajuctirz*  Denser,  coi'stjr,  grosqr,  grander,  pretiqr. 
brjttjr,  /ert^r,  hcirdqr,  oldqr,  qrliqr. 

L  wid  a.  KOV:C!  fo'oii) — struc  up.  Pqrsli;  badli,  absolutli;  truli- 
ut^rli;  dedli,  dircctli;  cupola,  acemlinli,  ecsesivli;  cgzactli,  gladli; 
frgli,  famili;  veriii,  vanli:  scali,  scarsli,  safli;  rapidli,  hqr</li,  hqrti- 
li,  vurldli;  lalli,  Ijcli,  luvli,  lonli,  wilirjli;  unibrela,  im^diatli,  mis- 
la,  msrli,  homli,  homili,  monopoli;  nebula,  iutalyo,  n[sli,  namli, 
anomali. 


*3s  foloig  derivativ  wurda.qr  ritn  wid  ds  r  hue,  err  wid  t1s 
downward  lr: — 

Popular,  prowler,  pc  Ili3r;  hetyr,  bralgr:  tatlqr,  traveler,  terlqr, 
jr:  <li-,pqr,  di^umbigr,  dEiumor;  juglqr.  jueltjr,  jepynqr;  cajsr. 
i-:  gambler,  grumbler,  graadur;  seller,  stragl^r,  strol^r, 
r,  selt;r,  simpler,  smugl(jr,  smorlqr;  repqr,  robqr,  warbler, 
(|nj(;r,  revclijr,  ramblijr.  rnr)irli;r;  Ij.bel^r,  levelqr;  inedltjr; — 


48  STKNOMIO'NOGRAPHKK. 

clg  ubuv  list  contana  Imt  fu  ov  fa  derivative  endirj  in  li  and  ri:n 
wid  fa  upstroc.  In  sum  sue,  wurda  it  ia  disjerynd. 

L  flint1 — str/d'  rloi'-n.  Cpisl,  pu«l,  nposl.  proposal,  propel, 
prowl,  pensil:  btgil,  hreryl,  hro-1;  trivial,  terestrinl,  tr[al,  tril, 
control,  tral,  turmffyl.  trainel,  tendril,  yntcnsil;  dptal,  ductil,  dis- 
posal, distil,  da«l,  dosil,  dianal,  dogijvel,  drial,  dril,  drol;  cabal, 
c  isl,  ctirlal.  ceridial,  cruel,  cre-1,  canibal,  couubial,  cansel:  cown- 
.;cl:  Lcutural;  futil.  fdtal,  fusil,  foail,  fqvtil.  fral,  fi/yal,  flal,  fcmal, 
efemqral,  funeral;  ve-el.  vasal,  volatil:  tisl,  tril,  trerl:  spery^ 
spol,  lios/il,  scrcl.  sc-el,  soil,  scuil,  PCWF'J  seal,  scu!,  scowl,  snul, 
sniflfl,  snal;  iiii])d,  imb^sil,  macgrel,  mongrel,  mineral,  h|menedl; 
intfgr.il,  nutral,  entrol,  instil,  na^al,  numeral. 

£  int"r>»ei''i#t — nt-".r  up.  Prejus.  pqrni/us.  prrco/us;  obuocjus; 
ivtrojns.  tenajiis.  contiiinajus;  ^dnjus,  dflijiis;  judi/us;  c'ipa/us, 
caprijus,  cw/u?:  {rra/us:  eficajus,  ofijus,  ftro/us;  vi/us,  Vfra/u?; 
spr/us,  spt/ix,  spa/us,  frspi/us.  suspijus,  sapa/us:  rapa/us:  ambi- 
/us.  mali/us;  nocjus;  aijjus. 

E ititermrdiil—strue  down.    Fuili.fnes;  nurijmtjnt. 
X  if/if  a  ro/vt'l fo!o/i) — ftrtir  up.     Spyji,  milija,  acaja. 

y.  fina' — atrttc  tlotcn.  Perif.  pari/,  poli/;  bruj.  hluj.  nl>oli/,  ble- 
iiii/,  bani/;  flistirjgwij,  dimiuij,  udmonij:  gen/,  Qildi/;  ecstiflgwij, 
cruj,  era/,  cla/:  . .  furnij,  f:  ef,  f lej,  flu/,  fla/,  fiulij,  flnrij.  famij; — 
.yurnij,  vnnij,  vancwi/:  tiiij;  scwoj,  scWsmiJ:  reli/,  relincwij; — • 
lavij,  laggwij;  ambuj;  nuri/:  arjgwij. 


i.  tie  foloir)  tabl.  ontiaud  from  pajea  14  to  23,  iz  ehtirli  ov 
fcrrm.  Consccwqntli.  similar  forma,  however  vnriig  in  plas,  sja, 
frr  in  Ijt  and  hcvi  strocs,  wil  be  fownd  nsr  eg  udgr,  and  wil  often 
br  plast  for  fa  sac  <jv  brcviti  in  fa  sam  Ijn.  In  n  fu  casea  awurd 
Ima  bin  insert ed  in  de  das  to  hwiq  it  belernz.  oldo  no  udjr  wurd 
i«  ritu  wid  At  sum  ftfhn.  inerrtl^r  tu  atract  atenfeutode 


DISTINCTION  OP  FLACK,  49 

Uca3ouali  olso,  ferr  dg  sac  ov  comparisn,  a  clas  ov  ward?   it  in- 
trodust  liwic;  prop^rli  bfle'n?  to  a  diftjr^nt  divi5ou. 

3is  tabl  wil  be  fownd  particiilarii  yu.gfu.1  to  Ac  Iqrngr  for  ref^- 
rqns  in  dssifqrii)  reportijj  manuscripts,  hwen  a  form  ha?,  bin  ritn 
•so  badli  dat  hs  can  not  tcl  ogsactli  ov  hwotletijra  it  ia  compogd. 
Ocajonal  rcf^r^nece  in  parcntessa  wil  bg  mad  to  ud^r  aljd  t'errma, 
sujestiij  ds  (janjea  hwig  carles  rjtig  ma  mac.  It  \z  tu  be  hopt  dat 
IH  wil  seldom  bg  recwjrd  coseptirj  aa  a  wernig  tu  tran  de  handtvt 
sug  carles  habits. 


DTSTITJCXON  OV 

SIMPL  STROCS,  contmud 
ma  Inifa!  Lwps. 

1  stsp,  stuip  (il)  stio         stigiiiatjg 

2  step  itub        stat        stedi.  stu'li    stoc.  stac,  stuc 

3  stop  stnb        stowt  sta-c,  stuc 

1  stif  (v/)  stsr  stgl,  stj.1,  stral          (js<) 

2  stut'        stav,  stov    sttjr,  stor        stil,  stal,  stol        Iqrjest 

3  staf  stqr,  star        stai 

1  stem  (m/-)  (n/) 

2  stem  stump,  itanip  ttzni  stug 

Wiil  1 

1  (titf)  btsr.  ubu?.d     i  etlust 

2  post,  past,  pest     best,  boit         test,  last,  tost      dust 

3  past,  perwl  •    tost  udvvt 

J     cist  (nr)  tV>:t.  fist,  foyst,  coul'uacl 

2  Ctr-st.  i-t:  =  !  ;ast     fast,  efast 

3  co-?d;  acsiiclj  acerst    (/gust  fast  vast 


'>&  SIBNOPHOJSOGKAPHKil. 

2  iiai-st     ?,i*st     wurst     vtjrst,  coiiv^rst     lest,  lust,  lust     - 

3  ;  harost,  arest  I  -.-.t.  lerst 

1     mist,  iiKyyst,  umu,ad  impost  iaflugnrt 

%    must,  most,  ama?d  iuipoad  necst.  uist.  oona 

3    erlniost,  amost,  inast  one?! 

COMPOWND  STROCS. 

//•/V/  ,/f    Z'/^/r//  R    Hue. 

1  prjs,  prjg,  compija  brea,  l)Hi«  trus;  tr[s,  trjz,  tr&>.  ilrj/ 
a  praa,  pres,  prog  bras,  rs-niemb^rz  tras,  nt^ra  <lj-(^ 
3  apraa,  practise?  numb^ra  trea  a'lrcs, 


1  crjz,  crua  Coggrcs,  gres,  tgres,  ayrex.  GITS 

2  curs,  ocurz,  acqre,  caraot^ra.  concur?,    gras,  gros,  grew 

3  cre^s,  acruz  <rrus, 


1  frea,  fr[a  trjs      wid^rz    prssijou  contrijou 

2  confgra,  fraa        troa    dar  ia      prese/on.'proso/on    tlurajou 

3  ofgra,  afraa         e-tora   ndqra       pqrswajou  atrijoii 

»  pnin  brjn     tr[n  grin 

2  prou,  apron    bran    tran    dran,  (Iron    cran     gran,  gron. 

3  bran,  brown    drown  crown 


s.  pmna 

2  pqrfecfou  abrajon  brana.  remembraas 

3  opsrajon  prans 


1  print,  prund  truant 

•2  trang        dran?,  drone  brunt      trand     drand 

.T  trans,  ut^rans    drown?.  brand,  brownd        drownd 

1  grjnd  (pr>it) 

2  grand)  grunt,  grond    "        frend 

3  orownd    gro\vud>  grant          front,  fVowad,  afrout  coufrout 


DISTINCTION    OF   PLACK.  h] 

t     prrst,  oomprjad    brqgd     trist  Crjst          grist 

2  pvest,  pra?.d        brest     trust,  trast   drest    crust,  crest  grast 

3  praetist,  op  vest    cibrest    contrast     adrest     cre-st 

//"./  ih  Inifal  L  Hue. 

1  plee.  acomplis     blis,  Leleva  ohia  tgls 

2  plas,  psph        blcs,  I)]HK,  bl'oz     cerl?.,  clog,  clos    glag,  gitj^. 

3  aple^.  aplj?.       lilows.  hobh        olas,  clffg  glas,  glos 

compljans  clsna       glniK 

2  plan,  complan     blon    plan?,  complana     dene       glena 

3  plan  plane        balans     clang      g-lans 

1  plead  coiu-pliant    bljnd  otend    glsnd    flint 

2  plast    blest     coin-plant    blend,  blunt    c%nt  fluent 

3  blast    plant  bland  gland    flqnt 

Wiilowt  Inifal.  Hues. 

\     compogifoii         ac\vi?.ijon     confjna,  f[ha     vjm.  convgn?. 

2  posijon,  poxcjou   acscfon     fens,  fan?     hevna,  convius,  evins 

3  Opoaijou  aciiza/on     ofetis 

1  Jjna,  comifoiii!  [1-0112  Ijna,  Isna,  Ijou?,  \vulen« 

2  o/ana,  con/^ns   0033011^   urana,  *jraa   lonz,  lene,  lana,  alycn;?. 

3  como/ona  wwrng,  borna  lans,  alowans,  lffn» 


1  msna,  mjn«,  mena,  mum'?,            imi'H'i^  ynnyoui'  .. 

2  mang,  imens,  omen?.  anowns, 

TU  SIMPL  STKOCS. 

1                       2  3 

pj.cti  jiiti,  poet,  peti  patwq, 

bt.  jiii            buili,  b[  it  biiti,  pada  howbsit,  bato 

bd                   beryhud,  bsflu  bodi,  bgbcd  objected 

in'—         fSe  yt.)  jin/Hto,  lifadtti^  apetjz,  aprttu.^ 


S1EKOPHOXOGEA.PHER. 


PS,  PJ 
kg,  bJ 

beg,  bewiq.  bj  hwig  baq;  buj              baj,  abject 

pc 

be 

pec,  pjc,  epic        pic,  pec,  poc      pac 
bee,  buc,  tu  bora  bar,  bee,  becum  bar.  bore,    becain 

PSi  bS 

pig,  big                peg,  beg,  bug   bag,  bog 

pet  — 

pscerf,  picet,  bigami  poe/ic,  peticot    facet,  pocet,  optic 

pf- 
bv— 

pivof,  bef,  bshuil  paf,  pav,  buf    l)fhq,f 
behuiv,  bfhjv    abuv,  bshav,  obvirt    abaf/ 

pt- 

pit,  pitii  bwd        bot.  bad,  epitet  pat,  apafci.  baf 

ps— 

pjus,  bjas              po«i,  bigi            piasa 

PJ- 

puj,  buj,  bffyij    abajt 

pr 
br 
prt- 
ppr—  " 
pE,  bB 

pRd— 

prnr,  pr  r,  pjr    por,  aper,  rompar  powqr,  par,  pq,r 
ber,  bjqr.  brar     bar,  bf  war,  bor  bcir,  bow^r,  abherf 
bsrd,  b[wurd     pqrt,  port,  bord  apqrt,  bqrd 
bgvtjr                  pavqr;  behavyor           [upward2 
buro,  bsra          beri,  boro,  buro  optjra,  pari,  baro 
pjmt,  uprmc,  puriti  uprjt,  parti       paro<,  pariti 
period                  parad,  borod    parodi 

pi 

bi 

plr- 
plt- 

bi, 
PL* 

apel,  pul,  pjl,  pel  pal,  pol,  uphil    perl,  apel 
bil,  be-yl,  bul       bal,  bel,  bol       bel,  bowl,  bowe 
pilori.  beryl^r      pilar,  polar       palor 
bilt,  bild               uphold,  bold     berld 
puli                     pilo                    hapili,  aptli 
1,  bilo,  bjler,  belj     belo,  belo,  bsla  bala 
polut,  pjlot          poljtj  eperlet       paliat,  palat,palet 
bile',buleC,biledTO  palid,polisi,polai  balof,  bal  ad 

pm,  pny> 
bm  — 

pcimi                   poem,  opium    pqin,  pomp 
bsm,  buim.  bi  ms  bum,  bump        bqm 

pn 
bn,  bg 
fcrit;  bud 

putii,  psoiii          com'pani,  peni  piano,  acom'pani 
bjin                      boni/boni,b£iij  banyo,  bowig 
beryoaij  bthjud)  bowntij  ba^oaigt  bongt,  bafldi 

K  I-I..\CK. 

Tp,  tb  tip.  Mb.  t'ibui      t[p,  tap,  tub      top,  tap 

dp,  db  dip,  dup,  dabu      dep,  depo.  dub  d<?b,  dab 

tp/ —  tipv*.  dop1;/           -ulep/.  debii/        ndap/.  adop/ 

tc/b —  it  VVLI// b'c,  tipto   erUube,  dep^ti  hotbed,  owtbW 

ttj,  dj —  te<j,  diq                  tiuj.  Du<;,  ;ulaj   ata.<j.  at  hwiq,  doi 

tc  tuc.  tic                  tac.  tut-              tec.  lac,  utar 

do  due-,  decery,  djc     dsca,  dw.  due     doc- 

Ltg)  dg  twitr.  dig,  di^niti  tug.  dug                      »,  dog 

tc/ —  tk'c/.  t.dic^             ds '"/no/.  (Uv/iciif  toe/,  snli.'cwa/ 

:tf —  dgt|.  def,  djv        tuf,  cdit'j,  tluv 

tt—  ttt,  tuit,  tjd          dot,  dut,  diu-4a  at-dai, 

•ts —  id'.'isi,  fliai             'da?.!   it  wo?.         h<Uhi>u-g 

tr  ter,  rjr,  tiur           ;<-vr.  tar             !it[r,  tow(jr.  tat 

dr  adhpr,  djr            da:r,  dor,  ador  do \vfjv 

trt —  i\r>l,  (U  "(;/•          hwote&qr,  d$ri  tqrt, tffrt,  o wtwar^ 

tK,  (!K  tjro,  diari           tori,  dari           tavi.  dowri 

tl  til,  toryl,  tuil       tal,  tcl,  tol          tfirl.  towel,  at  el 

dl  del,  d[al,  duel     dwel,  dul.  del     dol 

tlr,  dlr  til^v,  dg'.^r         fcelqr,  talOr,dwelqr  tfflqr,  dolar 

tU —  tilt,  lild,  tofyld     dclt,  dwelt            adult 

tt,  dL  duli,  ddf            dull,  dtla             tali,  owtie-,  dal;, 

iU~  twjljt,  deljt.dihit  dalj.t,  djlat          te-ylet 

tm,  \mp  'tern.  t[m,  twin  tarn,  it  ma,  teiupqrans    erlum,  atoiii 

dm,  dn'/i  dan,  dim,  dram    fcoudem,  duin      dam.  damp 

'tm/ —  timid,  dpmd         temt,  admit         atciut,  had  mad. 

tn,  dn  t|ni,  denj            Etna                    te-ni,  downi 

tg,  dr)  £tirj,  djirj             tin),  wedirj          twarj 

Gp —  tjgp,  qip              ijaptqv,  job,  Job     qop,  qap 

qc —  qk-,  qie                         ;;oc,  joe     QCTC,  jac,  joci 

'<$ —  tief,  at;bi                      'iihovu,  Juv    yaf 


STEXOI'HONOGRA  I'HKK. 


Jsl  j 


c;m- 


j'l'S'S.  j^i  joyus.  uj 

9  ;  •  ',-•  f;or,  hwi<;cv*;V 

bejjra  'jari,  (jori.  jnri 

c.il  jil.j.ici  jai,  jal^r 

<;ili.  .lull,  iuvjli  jeli 


joli 


cjin.  Jin 


cjnmbtir,  join,  jump    nmc;  inor,  jam 


Cp         csp,  ciup,  scwip  cap,  cup.  coj> 


copi,  oc\ipj.  crt 
cab,  gap 


C9.  °J 
cf— 


d    acwit,  gO'di 

cowr, 

coi,  cqt',  cwaf 


cb,  gp     cub,  Ct]ba  cub,  gap 

ct —        wiced.  gidi        cwjet,  ecAviti.gf 

caq.  caj 
•off:  cut',  cav,  c:ov 

cur,  owjr.  CIVET  car,  cor,  colter 
gr —    gsr,  cwiv$r,givqr  gor,  cuvgr 
R.  gu     cwsri,  biooii       cari,  'curi.  gori 
1      cil.  fuil,  tcwal,  vo-yl  cwal,  cwel,  cwl,  cul     ccrl,  cowl 
cl,  dr     gil.  gil 


afcwjr,  co.r, 
eqrd,  gq.nl 
cwori, 


gal,  gol,  culor 
CL;  gL     gcwali,  \vfdi         gali,  guli 

cm —       comprtiju;^. 
CTI —       ccinui,  cii|.  ii 


Fc—      fig,  KVOC 

fr  for,  Hi1 

'in;  vr     h\>,r.  \t 

I'll.  VK     %1'i,  t'livi 

t'l         fgyil^iljlTUJ.fuc'1   Mil.  id.  fol 

vl  vjl,  vi/ii.  VF'.         val,  aval 


gffl,  colar 

gali 

cam,  gain,  gum  cqm.aems,  camp 

agoui,  gwq.no,  goii)     hacnt,  gar),  gog 

lact.  elect,  vag.  vog       afect.fog,  havoc 

.i';ir.  fisr  afar,  fqr 

favor,  hcvigr 

fflri,  feri,  furo.  vari    i'aro 

fe-1,  fowl 
vowel,  avowal 


{].,  vi.     foli.  voli 

.ftp          n;p,  rj 
sb  rib.  nil.1' 


folo,  felw,  bc.vili         falo,  vnli 

it;}<H,  rop.  rcprr.Kent    rap 
.-nb,  T^V.  rob 


DISTINCTION    OF    !' 


Rd 

vit,  r.ut,  riot        rjt.  rat,  rut 
rid.  rjd.  md        mli,  red,  ;\jd 

it.  rat, 
rod,  ro\vdi 

row| 

M— 

riij,  rKij.  rij           rec,,  raj,  retjoV 

K<J  — 

nc.  rig,  rt;i(  1        reo,  rac,  rog 

;•.»•,  ISO,  !•:•;: 

Kt  — 

rjf.  rmf,  rev-i        ruf,  rav,  rov,  rive/ 

roft 

Kt— 

ret.  red;  rjd            qit,  vvurdi 

rcrt,  rat 

id 

' 

vcl.  ril,  royal,  nil  real,  ral.  rol 
royal  i.  royli        rsali,  rela 

ruli 

uiu     rein,  num. rim, rjm  rum,  ruin. remir,  reiiirjj  i-.uit 

itn—      iTnii.  ri-iin,  rig      rani, rerij,  rug,  ivn^.    i'.i;  r'.-'.vn'"        « 

fp —        Y'imp.  htrbj      burp,  \v-orp,  <jrl),ofrbi<  inyarbj,  a-rb 
rt.nl      arj^t  hqrti,  hqrdi,  huriil      horid,  arid 

lifvuii-  wurc.  o)V(ji'cuiii.  qi'gu.    qrc.  liqrc.  qrgo 

nu— •      IUT  me,  hsr  mj    qrmi,  wurni,  li^rmi/  worm,  <inn.  b<tnu 

tp —  lip,  It-p,  Iqif  help,  help/  lap.  lop.  lobi 

LC  l)c,  luc,  lie  lac,  luci  loc,  lac 

L! —  Ijf,  lsf,l£v,  liv  lof,  luv,  left,  luv//  luf,  \t\\;\ 

l,m —  lira,  Ijm.lmm  lain,  lorn,  limi/  lam 

M<j —      iinsj,  impeq         may  homaj 

me —      mso,  mitigat     mac,  mug, magnifis^nt  mo<>  hamor 

ml —     mgl,  mil,  mil,  inu.1  inal,  mol.  impel         mal.  am  pi 

N>; —  iucj,  niy,  hinj  in  hwiij,  enjefy,  went;  noi;,  hqm; 

nc —  nic,  nuo,  yunec  nee,  neglect,  naced    noc.  nac,  nag 

nf —  njf.  envi,  unfit  enuf,  na^,  nav,  iuva  nativ 

nl  nel,  anel,  iuhal  nel,  nal,  nul,  nmvel      anul 

PUBL  LEU!  STROCS. 

Pp —     pep,  pjp,  bittbi     pop,  popular,  babi     pop.  poj)i,  bob 
tt —    tjdi, dito,  dji-'t,  Deiti  tuda,  duti,  data     o-dit.  oditi, 
oc —       owic,  eic,  cue-  cac,  cwae, cognisant  coc.  co-c.  r-\v;ic 


iT  STF.VOl'HON-OOKAVHKn. 

f-  J£  far,  if  da  qr     fqdqr,  ferr  dar  hqi  dar 

t-,  d-  did<>-  tirjc  dar,  dr.  udtjr  t age  dar.  do  dar 

s-.  v.-  SK  dar.  yn<  .'mr  so  dar,  sa  dar.  won  dar    ser  dar 

J-  wi,"  dar  Jal  dar,  Jo  dar 

r-,  •/•/•-  hsr  dnr  mdtjr.  t-v^ri  udqr  Invar  dar 

1-  Ij  dar  \vil  dar  alow  dar 

in-,  m/i-  iinpnav  dsir  niudyr,  ma  dar  am  dar 

n-  iifiUjr.  in  dar  nnii(t;r.  no  dar  now  dar 

MISELrlNIUS  UOMBiNAEONZ. 

Ptsabl  po^ibl,  couifinstibl  pasabl 

?])isl  puzl.  biisl  aposl 

poles,  bilyu.s.  bjlo-g  belos,  piloa  pulaz,  balots 

pURiti,  pERiod  pciKti,  pai?a(l,  bonod  paniti,  paRodi 

peRiodz,  paRadJK  pqntia;  piiRads;  apcmatus 

brjtn,  prudqnt  pretend,  burdn  ap^rtan 

preq,  brfg,  brij  pSl'Si  Purj  uproq.  abrij 

pric,  brie,  bruc,  brig  brnc.  broc,  brog  practicabl,  brag 

pnuf,  pniiv,br?f  i>rofit,  profct  apnuv 

prjvat,  pi-mvd  provjd.  pijrvad  abreviat,  apnuvd 

psnig.pjrats,  burn?  porus,  beria,  l>oro«  Paris,  pari« 

prian  l"jrsn,  prea^nt,  p^v  sent,  braan 

permit,  lirim,  brmm  promot,  Rbraham  promt 

pupil,  bjbl  papal, bubl,  bg  abl       babl 

Tjtl,  till  total,  dKtal  tatl 

tjtqr,  tjd-wertqr  detor,  det^r  tat^r,  tot^r.  dert^r 

dtsQiit  it  iz  not.  desend  cjudesend 

dn-jd  tirad,  tqrdi  torid 

trie,  turc-i.  cuntruilict  true,  dqr.;.  direct  trac,  con-tract,  atruct 

tjrunt  adherent  tor^nt 

diamond  atonrnqnt,  demand      adamant 

<4,  den[<;  '\vitnes,  dmirjE 

''•  •i.-nti,  denct  tit-jniiat 


DISTINCTION    OF    I'l.ACK. 

hwig  can  muc,  can 

hwig  u  not,  yestnut    ajasqnt 


J:;rmuni 

capqr  copqr 

ecspeml  ecspaud,  ccapown  i 

ecspens  ecspans 

ecspcnsiv  ecspansjv 

ccsept  acscpt 
ecajt,  «esif,  eased      ocsH,  gaisct.  hog?.he:l   aefsd,  eastawi 

ecstend,  eastcnt  ccstant,  acsi'l^nt 

'cos el,  gagel  casl,  acsl 

crep,  eruip,  crib      crap  crop,  crab 

grip,  gruip,  grjp      grap,  grop,  grub  grab 

crsc,  eric,  cruc         croc  crac.  crag,  grog 

grtf  ci-nr,  gi-atifj.  graf  craft,  gruft,  agravai 

grtv,:gr*iv  gmv,  grov  agrev,  agrevl 


eors,  car?.,  eohma  acwjrc..  care,  cnwy  < 

creosot,  crusad        crusti,  cursed  acursed 

cniel  curta!  cr<rl,  growl 

Crsm,crim,  grim,  giuiin   cruni,  croin  cram,  cramp 

clip,  glsb, .glib          club,  glob  ciup 

clec,  clic  cloc  cloc,  clog 

clev,  clif  clov.  gun-,  cultiv»t 

coales  calus,  galoa 

:i,  p-liu7ii    clam,  clump,  glum  clam,  clamp 

WEcnes. .CiTjs,  giiiii'.  ii^diiix..  agonix  gag?.,  gonst 

Fjbqr,  vjpt§r  vapor  hqfbrsd 

fsbl,  fffybl  fabl  afabl,  hafbln-1 

Qt^r,  fit^r.  fsd^r       fct^r,  vot;r  fat.jr 

vacqiti,  evict,  f.vtact     va«:at,  efected  f«g°t,  Evacuat,  tdFf«.  ;i- J 

ficz,  fig«,  EVOCS        facts,  efecte,  vecs  foes,  afects,  fog« 


RTEXOPHONOORAPHER. 


Qc/ons  evic/oa 
varjcti 

vaca/ou,  voca/oa 
vcriti.  varid 

afec/on,  fac/on,  arocnfra 
ftfor'led 

ttrJ,  ftrs,  fjrg,  vnv. 

fofii.  far?.,  favora 

furs,  afara 

conflict 

flsc.  flap 

floe,  aflict,  flog 

fela,  fiia,  fjh,fui'.<> 

fala,  val?,  avah 

fols,  ffflg,  fowl* 

v[ol^nt 

vilan 

valytjiit 

Truiowt,  liidtjrto 

tfjrti.  darto 

darat 

Spsr,  spjr 

spur 

spqr 

spiTn.  sp[ra 

Sparz 

spqrz,  spqra 

ru'rpil/.,  suri»rj>c^ 

supres.  supresea 

teport/oa 

suprejon 

spil.  s]ioyi,  spuil 


strec,  strjp.  strict, 
spec,  spjc,  spuu- 
M-i-tvr,  secur<l 


scsni,  scim 
ecil,  scml,  secwel 
SKcretnes,  s 
slip,  slip,  shup 


S.KC.  sJic 
t-lim,  sljm 
smjl 
ttmiy 
?ntc,  si\jc 
siur, 


Zrivdnes 

Rtps,  rips.  rib?. 
htrupou 


spel 
stabi 

stroc,  struc,  consti-dct 
spue,  spue,  spec 

sc-or.  scwar,  scqrt       scar,  ?Cacr,  scowr 
CSOFK,  scwai*,  sc^rts  scare,  SCC^R,  scan 
scum.  sUcum  scamp 

seal,  scul,  secular,  scold  scowl,  scalar 
sacreilnes 

slop,  a?  wil  he  slap.  >lbp,  slab 

selebriti 

slac,  sclent,  sluj;          slac,  sl«ig 
solem   seMorn  tlam 

sniel.  .sitnpl  smel,  sampl 

sum  wun,  sumiij,  ax  meni 
snac,  snug,  surjc          sn:u:.  snag,  sa^jc 
shar.  siior,  scn'l^r       sento-r,  sownd^r 


repoz,  rops^  i-ci>re2en!s  raps,  robi 
hwarupon 


DISTINCTION    OF  PLACE. 


rtdq,s,  ride,  r[da 

radius,  rods,  rjte 

rod?.,  rots,  ruts,  i 

riqez,  rccjee,  rjc,us 

rejcrys,  j'ecjea,  rnjen 

ni^ets 

Xtufs,  rtviv?,  refua 

refiis,  revja,  mvg 

rafts 

reset,  rss't,  rmd 

rusti,  ro?.et,  rca[d 

rogeat 

r£«jn,  resind 

rs?.n,  rt'Sfjiit,  rezent 

rowisii) 

Licwid,lucowt 

tacat,  legate 

locet,  lacada,  lop 

Ijcs,  lies,  lues 

lacs,  lega,  luga 

lacs,  log«,  lagg 

aleviat 

elevat,  leviti 

lofii 

Ijvli 

luvli 

line,,  liacaj 

lunq,  lunj 

l<Uig.  lownj 

M.    implj 

euipltry,  aniiubl 

hvmbl 

meg^r,  mjgruf 

KHne«jr,  einigrst 

ntoc;r 

xnics 

macs,  nivtga 

taocsr  baii<.oc» 

muRic 

mistae,  muse 

muse,  bom  sic 

humiliti,  mildu 

melodi,  moldi 

amlatn,  nialadi 

miuut,  imuniti     . 

min  it,  ImmarMti 

emariflt.  amewiti 

iminqnf 

eminent 

uninqnf 

emin^as 

rowt» 


N. 


entjs 
incur,  asgro 


no  it  h 
nocqr,  aycar,  « 


ins  parafcl 

notis,  in  its,  iudus 

yui)g<jr,  hiirjgqr 
infU3pn,  inovafoti    iuvajou 
ins[tr  njseti,  iusjd     onesti,  unsed.Wen^da  uii.strt.  n'.;sti 
onsen,  yunisn,  inosyit  insanh  eusjn.  linsuij  onsowud. 
nedles  endles 

Not.  In  ftc  latter  pi^rt  ov  dis  tab!.,  from  de  bot<Ma  o*t  paj  5J,  «>•; 
(k  wurda  in  &K  sam  Ijn  fir  intended  tu  bs  ritn  al|cr  ecseptii)  *ts 
dif^rqps  ov  plas,  and  ecscp'iij  dg  dif^rynsoa  in  dx  sja  and  lerjt  <>•- 
<k  stroca.  He»s  fc  aotajon  liu*'.  bin  seltk>m  ruwrtcd  tu.  ^ia»  'w. 
de  lost  ijn  but  wun,  dar  en-  Ire  v\uj-di«  in  ds  f  ,rst  plas,  di;  Li«f  La»- 
ifl.  a  hqflegt  %  te  iai  ds  secou.ii  ylas,.  de  liost  iltii  wkl  ^  t^- 


OKZERVllZONS.     €  AFTER  2. 

Sins  de  printig  ov  de  ftjrst,  porfion  ov  dis  buc,  ten 
hav  elapst,  unsetlig  mar  dan  haa  bin  se^ld  di^ig  dat  tjm. 
Ais  do  edih'on  ov  Lugli'B  Manual  hwiq  j  bav  bin  foloig,  i« 
uot  now  ezm  tu  be  obtand,  j  fial  condens  aa  mug  aa  posibl 
4«  rcmandtjr  ov  hwot  j  had  prepa,rd,  and  fial  reagrv  for 
1'q.rt  2d  el  cements  conected  wid  subsecvr^nt  qanjes.  rdgr 
^iv  mj  on  or  ov  ndgrs. 


LESN  15.     He  X  Hue. 

40.  Ir-sted  ov  \vu  red  vrn:  and  ad  Irn,  mpn,  and  $U. 

41.  X\i  gramalog«. 

pn1     opinyon       fn2    fonografi         tns3    at  wuni 
gnl    begin  3tr    ocagon  dins*  delivgrou 

i'.  <It  hue  ma  freewjntli  bf.  omitod,  tu  be  cuplid  in  voooljia- 
Jon;  az  in  —  !it»iniUjnt,  ntcinnusnt,  contwiMu  jilt,  cvanjeli*t,  con^* 
en/us.  But  in  HIQ  case?  if  ds,  uraijon  ov  dr  hue  in  reportu)  ledi 
to  uuibiguiti,  sum  udqr  form  must  bt  selcctiid. 


Rftiy  Ecs'vs'iz. — Hwcn-yiu  hjrn  dt  wa  jut-ma  venqqr  alon  in 
a  tlnrc  cav.jrn  wid  impuniti.  i-/al  t'i  tu  jfiv  in  mj  ecsgrsjse*  a* 
rau<j  az  posibl  ov  hwot  [  <\t?.\r  tu  sa  ov  fonografi,  becwz  in  mj 
»>;iinvon  yiu  \\  il  l;rn  bctijr  bj  hjrnirj  fU  wuiis  fe  ferrjnz  arid  'di 
oeaj'in  ov  yu-fiij  ilcin.  it-hua-bin-yu^ual  tu  yn'.  4s  n»huc  ttn 
jeniqral  and  prinisii'l;  but  dv  fo'riii  j  yu>;  jwyna  mor  redilj. 


8TEHOPJIONOORAPHEB. 


LESN16.     'Je  Son  *nd  F  Hues. 

42.  3e/-i-'  hue  ma  be  jerynd  to  de  dafi  for  'hav;'  aa  — 
\  hav,  tu  hav,  fiud  hav,  cud  hav,  hco  hav,  &&.     Jtrynd  bj 
ljs§ns  to  de  dot,  it  macs  de  caract^r  u  ,  for  —  da  hav,  and 
<fc}r  hav. 

43.  NH,  gramglogg. 

df1     dificult  prf1     privilej 

df*    develop  prf!  perfect  bf!    befor 

df3     advan'aj         pri'3     perform          gf8     govern 
objecfion,  ^ubjecfion.  gatisfacfion,  significafion. 


Ersi'rs'iz.  It  {•«  veri  dificult  ferr  mg  tu  develop  fa  advan* 
UJea-ov  mj  iinprmvinqnts  from  Af  nssesiti  ov  y\\.».hj  so  muq  owt 
ov  de  wa  laijgwaj  tu  ecsprcs  mj  idr.at.  Hwen  At  jilan  for  dg  /- 
hue  wpa  f^ist  j:ubli/t,  it  struc  me  az  de?.  jrvuj  ov  adop/on.  Bffor 
yuahj  it  howt-.vfji'  j  luc  fa  sam  oors  [  olwa«  pursu  wid  nu  c 
tu  egeaioin  it  carfuli  and  Iqrn  h«  eit«jr  it  woe  reuli  yq,sful. 


Hqf  Leyt  Stracs. 

i4.     Nev<,r  mac  a  )jt  hqf-lcgb  strat  Ijn  befor  <rr  aftgr  Q 
cunr,  widowt  a  definit  aggl. 

45.  Q  Iji  hqf-legb  curv  befor  u-r  aftqr  a  hevi  stroc  wid- 
t>wt  a  defin't  atjgl,  can  not   be  distiggwifit  from  de  hevi 
iron,  and  fm  1  da.rfor  be  avcryded. 

46.  Nij,  gramaloga. 

prt1    particular     btl    betwen        mdl    imediatli 
prt1    oportiiniti      ft1    oft^r  ndz    und^r 

Jntf    jentlmon        nrd1    in  ord^r  tu 


BTBKOrnOIfOORAFREB. 

Evtersiz.  —  If-yiu-wu^-no  de  va'u8  ov  muni,  see  At 
provqrb,,  trj  tu  boro  sum.  So  if  yui  wu  I  no  ds  dificulti 
su<;  ecsysjee?  a?  dea,  trj  tu  Kit  sum  undqr  ds  sam  restriejbn*. — 
Sins  we  can-not  Iqrn  evqri-tig  at  wuns,  wt  Jal  erlwa?  hav  btfor  u? 
6$,  plejur  ov  Iqrnig  su:u-big  ni-  i-hav-dun  wid  fonografi  hwot 
udqra  <\r  duiig  in  ev^ri  branj  ov  s'^ns:  (  hav  givn  de  best  results 
j  cud  now  utan,  Isvig  it  f»r  sum  nu.  edi/'on  sr  nvt  wurc  tu  mac 
df  tistcm  uior  perfect  aftqi1  mor  ytrz  ov  ecspmqns. 


LESN  18.     3t  Imps, 


41.  3e  leap,  fiu'i  be  r^rfuli  distiggwifit  from  de  clips,  6» 
aiftjFijns  bei|  presjali  de  sam  a?  beiwen  de  hue  and  de  w 
er  i/  ser-a  c,v  vowels;  go  dat  o,  btven  it  stands  alon,  dui 
BOt  repreaeut  .-•/  in  raj  sistem. 

48.  NH,  gramalogg. 

mst     almost  nst     necst 


Ecsersiz.  —  f  now  fjnd  injsclf  abl,  for  dg  fq  st  tjm  in  dea 
ecs^rs[aea,  tu  acnolej  ;1at  j  am  in'leted  to  d£  Fonografic  In- 
strwctor,  b[  Prof-  Jamz  C.  Buit  ov  Filade'lfia,  ferr  SIMI  ovmj  sen- 
t^nsee;  and  dat  dat  wurc  woa  dsf^rst  publi/t  upon  6x  prea^nt  plan 
QY  averydig  ds  nesesiti  ov  u,nlqrnig  hwot  haz  wuns  bin  acwjrd.— 
3e  American  Manual  ov  Fonografi  woii  dp  fqrst  tu  incwrporat 
<k  priosipl  ov  fonotipic  rjtig  lesnz.  t  clam  dg  onor  -,v  haviij  bio 
dc  %'st  tu  pnbli/  a  fonograSc  instruction  buc  holi  in  fonotipi.— 
Mr  Andruw  woz  ds  f  ;rst  tu  yuz  a  notaf  n  tu  indiou  fonografie 
«,  4g  basis  ov  mj  sistem  fer  dat  purpos. 


IESN  t9.     Prejinez  And  Aficsez. 

Freficsea  or  afecsea  eaa  be  jfirjnd  err  omitedin  meo| 
aa — introd'HS,  selfifi,  demselva,  saiself,  limsetf,  e^r- 
eurostana,  com£id^at^  &&. 


© 


50,     tie   preflcs  fur-  \z  ritn  fr  and  jerynd;  az  — 
fcrsac,  forever,  ferget,  ferrgotn,  forgo,  forse,  forwern. 

Rjtig  Ecsersiz.  —  It-iz-wel  tu-bs-abl-fu  red  el  cjridz  ov  fonogra- 
fi;  but  j  wud  worn  ym  agenst  rjtig  mor-dan  wnn  cjhrt:  ferr  evgrt 
canj  in  At  nietod  ov  rjtiij  tvn  u  snj<;l  wui'd  involve  a  smu8  low.  — 
Yet  j  hav  cjanj'l  and  ecsperimentcd,  noiij  dat  if  i  cud  impnuv  As 
sistem,  mj  lo-s,  (jfiiuli  sufqrd,  wud  sun^r  >rr  latqr  I*  dg  gan  ov 
&F  ruilyona  hiu  wil  wun  da  red  and  rjt  Jerrt-hand. 


£  ESN  20.     0,-  te,  to  te. 

51.  Jle  fraaea  ov-de  and  to-flc  ocur  BO  frecw^ntli, 
abowt  4  p^r  sent  ov  ecstunporaneus  sperig,  ddt  mug  13 
gand  b|  ecspres'g  dtm  bj  brigig  de  foloig  wurd  ner  tc  de 
presedij  wun,  plasig  it  a  litl  abuv  ferr  to  de  and  belo  fof 


ov-de. 


LESN  il.     Qmifonz* 

62.  Indistigt  consonants  ma  often  be  oraited;  aa  <  in 
(bet,  efoct,  cd  ect,  colect,  oonvict,  conflict,  postofls,  post- 
pon,  moatli;  c  in  necst,  macsimum;  r  in  su'rp^;  &s> 

53.  Ud^r  consonants   ma  sumtjma  be  omited;   aft  s  in 
Mecsico,  int^csicat;  /  in  Filadelfia;  n  in  penitenfiiari. 

54.  In  'ormig  fraaea,  consonants  and   smerl  wurdz  qif 
frecw^ntli  omited;     aa — bet^'r-dan,  lergg^'r-dan,  grat^'r* 
dan,  fiyr-ide-mosLt-pqrt,  it-sema-lto-me,  jejnts'toc,  hwot- 


55.  Wun  letqr  struc  broo  anudqr  indicats  a  contraction: 
•a —  nt,  notwidstandig;  nv,  nevtjrdeles;  cl,  comite  ov  8« 
hoi;  niUQ,  men  wimen  and  qildrcti;  era,  caract^rj,«. 


.64  STENOPHONOORAFHF.K. 

56.  Spefiul   contracfiona   err  ecspeditjnts  ma  be  fb-rnvl 
impromUi  in  spefial  casea;  as  a  Roman  capital  inifial  fnr 
de  often   recurig  nam   ov  de  plantif  or  defendant  in  a  !<?- 
«Ht,  or  evn  for  sum  tecnical  te,rm  if  no  fierrthand  ecspedi- 

'  qnt  redili  apera.     i  doo  not  bigc  it  nesesari  in  de  lat^r  cas, 
however,  ecseptig  to  inecspcriqnst  reporter?. 

57.  Contracfiona  omitig  de  f^rst  pq,rt  ov  a  ward,  unled 
a  prefics,  fiud  be  avo-jded. 

Ecsepfonz.  —  OTmcst,  t'iij,  I'ayijrwaj.  CiairacUjr'igtic,  declara/on, 
Dec'lara/on-lov-Iji'liependtjns,     remeni'bqr,     mem'b^r,  num'b§r, 
'r,  mu'q,  ma'n§v. 


58.     Speh'al  frazec^grama  ma  sumtjmz  be  mu$  forst  in 
crrdqr  tu  obtan  eai  fcrrma. 

Egzamplz.     Yunijterl-S'ta'ts,  Yunij_tfd-S'ta'ts-!o''-Ameri'ca,  at- 
bn,  in»tr:ucted-:tu-inicwjr-:into-i(l£-:cc.'-p£di§nsi-!ov. 


59.  tie  fgrst  and  last  pq,rts  ov  a  fraz  ma  stand  ferr  6» 
hoi;  &&  in  comon  print,  '-M-rJ  -  nM  ia  sumtjma  put 
ferr  "Mister  Jonson,"  "cl'k"  ferr  "clerk,"  err  "hdkf"  for 
"handkerchief." 

K/zampl-.      Supr-ism  Cort  ov  dt'-Ynjtod-Stat-,  at-4t-tiec8t-de»- 
-/on  ov  Coij-g're*,  :it-:dK-/cs't-se/o«,  at-dt'-Inst-stjiMi 
de-Yunited-Stats. 


60.     Wurda  ma  be  ritn  wid  a  dif^r^nt  ferrm  i 
ftrr  de  sac  ov  jerynig. 

Egsamplz.  —  At-eni-raf,  at-e«i-t;.'m.  at-erl,  ti^-fumoRO,  fcfe-rf-az-lt- 
raa,  <ta-\vi/,  it-wi/,  hwiq  wi/,  dt-u^fr,  iu-rwpicct-'to, 
o,  in-rnp/j-to,  in-/&$-4a». 


Not.     Snm  fnrdqr  sujcs^ona  az  to  moda  ov  rjtiy  wi;r 
btfor  i  left  Wojinton,  hwi^  (  Jal  rsvjg  and  pcstpon  to  Port  Sd 


HTKXOI'ltONOGRAPHlR.  65 


S  T  K  N  0  F O  N'OG  RAF  BR . 


PART 


01.  In  crrdqr  tu  mac  mi  wurc  mor  yusftil,  j  hav  <5on- 
eluded  tu  adapt  it  to  a  lattjr  instrucfion  buc  ov  report,;,, 
and  tu  rcvu  de  varius  ptrynts  hw^rin  mi  sistem  or  ritig  haa 
varid  widin  dc  last  ten  yerz,  and  hw^riii  it  difqrz  from  va- 
rius sistemg  employe!  bj  udgr?,  Eni  wurc  on  fonografi  ma 
be  yttad  tu  sup'i  de  veri  meni  sujesqong  upon  hwiq  erl  so 
nerli  ag»8  dat  i  hav  not  fefft  it  nesesari  tu  repct  dem,  se- 
lectijj  from  ic  suq  porfiong  .02  corespond  wid  mi  se^  ^ral 
i^snij;-^—  4e  wares  ov  Ifoac  Pitman  himself,  fer  instons;  err 
doa  ov  hi«  brudijr,  Ben  Pitman  ov  Sinsinati;  —  but  i  hav 
concluded  tu  mac  spefiul  refyrqns  to  de  ''Complet  KOno- 
graf^r,"*  bj  Jara^  £•  Munsn,  ov  NU  Yore  siti,  dc  tonli  pro- 
fefiontil  roportijr  in  dis  cuntri,  i  belcv,  hco  ha<5  tind^rtacn  til 
j'r'  ••  ;\?  (i  "omj  let  and  independent  wiirc  on  de  subject. 

i>_  HE  l(;rntjr,  comensig  wid  de  Lesna  in  Pq.rt  1,  wil 
fcfn  '•[  <}&•>  lesna  subject  to  suq  modificafion?;  and  adifional 
,;;nj.;!i<;f)ti/.  and  direcfions  a?  qr  contand  in  de  corespondig 
le  is/-  in  i'^rt  2,  and  in  coueoiibn  wid  dc  secfion<;ov  de  Com- 
plrt  Koiiugrafgr  refi^rd  to  in  P«(rt  2  in  bracefs.  Tt  ma  be 
wel  wlrt«'t  tu  rjt  de  Ritiij  P^csgrsiaez  prepqrdftrrdoasecfiona, 


*.V*;  i  n  "Complet  Fonogrtiftjr,"  conienst  in  1849,  won  aband- 
"ti  I  in  IS51  in  consecwqns  ov  m[  atlopjon  ov  <te  s^rctilar  vowel 
s-.-dl;  ftud  At  "i^tenot'onografi}!'"  tuc  its  pla.a> 


G6 

ecseptig  hwen,  from  de  difijrjnt  errdcjr  ov  de  leeua.  it  \vi4.d 
be  a  manifest  vjolafion  ov  de  prinsipl  stated  in  §2.  [§26, 
ov  de  C-  F-;  de  lal^r  pqrt  ov  de  secfior..]  It  wil  be  wel, 
cot  onli  in  doa  rjtig  ecs^rejzea  but  in  doa  ov  Pqrt  1,  tu  »it 
in  lerg-hand  trl  wurdz  in  advaus  ov  de  lesn,  a*  involvig  d§ 
^anjez  i  hav  latli  adopted. 

63.  Gmog  de  egzamplz  rtndgr  de  dif^rgnt  HI,!?,  wil  oca- 
gonali  be  iutrochist  wiirdz  for  comparisn  but  hwiq  du-  not 
propfjrli  belog  in  datplas,  and  olso  vrurda  hwic;,  oldo  pro- 
p^rl  belerrjig    d^r.    iiivotv    priusipla  ov  contracfiou  not  yet 
ecepland.     3e  fermgr  clas  wil  be  eacload  in  parenbest •:<>., 
and  de  lat^r  in  bracets 

(Imot)  de  modern  "improovoi^rtts"  in  fonografi,  d^r  qr 
sum  bwi«5  j  consider  re^nubli  saf,  tu  be  yi^d  witiin  re- 
stricted limits,  iuul  Indij  j  luil  d^rfor  inclni.1  in  de  foloil) 
Lesng,  olda  j  fiud  not  recomeud  dem  In  SUQ  ca^ea  de 
acomponii§  nois  wil  indicat  de  modz  ov  qtig  hwiq  j  pre- 
f§r,  and  dc  re?n  for  de  prekjrgns. 

64.  Upon  sum  perynts  i  am  not  Vet  prep^rd  tu  ec«pres 
a  desjde^  opinyon,  oWo  j  ma  doo  fio  befor  \  concliid.     Q 
(?)  wil  be  apended  in  £it<j  cajsen;  and  if  de  l§rn§r  Rud  con- 
clud  tu  adopt  eni  modificalion  ov  mj  sistem,  he  Bud  be 
woqfial  tut  mac  el  qam^  in.  mjnor  detala  propqrli  acompa- 
niig  suq  a  modificalion^  however  niim^rus  suq  gu::je8  ma 
b«.     2e  adopfion  ov  de  cres-ri^ld  pap§r,  f«rr  iustui-b,  wud 
rec\\  jr  de  revigon  ov  nerli  de  hoi  sistem. 

AR  d^r  rea  be  sum  dela*  in  de  publicafion  ov  Fqrt.  2,  ol- 
dca  j  doo  not  antiaipat  eni  suq  pr©ltr§d  dela  aa  ucurd  in  de 
printig  ov  Pcirt  1,  j,  reftjr  to  Pqrt  3  for  mj  latent  v-^a  on  &\ 
dowtful  c\veaqonav  and  upou^  eni  mv  impruovrnqntb 
ma  be  sujested. 


67 


LESX.t.  i{J^50p74 — 94.]     Sc  Consonants. 

65  f  hav  nevqr  until  de  prezc^nt  yer,  (1865.)  adopted  de 
stroc  syia  propo^d  in  1851  for  w,  h,  and  y.  Sum  ov  dem 
q,r  now  jen^rali  yipd,  and  wil  probobli,  j  bigc,  be  ov  mor 
advantaj  in  incresig  de  lejibiljti  ov  fonografi  ferr  ud^r  dan 
reportig  purposez,  dan  disadvuntaj  to  de  profefiouul  re- 
port^r.  8B  hav  concluded  tu  adopt  ">  w,  f  y,  ^  h,  rc- 
K'jrv  g  (ie  privilej  ov  y^aig  dem  bj  Ijs^ns,  hwenev^r  it  ma 
be  nesesari,  for  vr,  Ir,  and  mp,  respectivli,  aa  hertofor. 

.y.i.  It  haabin  a  favorit  reaerrt  ev.;r  sjus  dsstrocs  fcrr  u;  y,  and 
/  v.ijr  f^rst  propQad,tu  yv  df;  upstroc  B  widapcndajez,  aa  a  com- 
j  \vn:!  o.traetqr;  and  espefali  fer  /c.  In  de  lit  fdi/on  ov  ieac  Pit- 
!•:  m'z  Manual  ov  Fonografi,  d«  mada  ov  qtiij  dte  sownds  qr  nn- 
M  ;ius.  KQ  ov  d^iii  heir)  provided  wid  a  stroc  coutaniij  R,  in  adi/ou 
to  ndqr  moda  ov  reprc^enta/oii.  ^  dm  not  tiuc  it  ia  nesesari  err 
advi^ibl  iu  fonogrufi  evqr  tu  yua  a  comp-'wnd  caract^r  ferr  a 
Biiiipl  sownd;  and  j  can  hqrdli  bslsv  it  tu  be  seriusli  propoed  b| 
&  i:i .  entor  ov  de  sistem  tu  rjt  'qtsqrf  ftrr  //. 


LESN  2.     [31—47.]     oTe  Vowels. 

66.  <T^r  qr  now  bre  radicali  dif^nt  vowel  scak  in  yn< ; 
— dc  old  vowel  seal,  stil  yx^ad  bj  most  Gmerican  Fono- 
gra'^ra;  de  sqrcxilar  vowel  seal  yued  bimjself;  and  de  in- 
v^rted  vowel  seal  yuzd  bi  Pitman,  Munsn,  and  ud^ra.  i 
prefer,  ynz,  and  recomend  de  vowel  seal  givn  on  paj  3. 

If  de  Igrner  fiud  preftjr  tu  y\i$  a  sics  vowel  seal,  it  w  1 
mac  no  material  dife^ns,  so  fq,r  az  breviti  for  reportig  ii 


68  8TKNOPHONOOHAPRKK. 

cou84jrnd.     It  ia  de  order  ov  de  vowel?,  hwi<j  i*  important, 
fM  it  afects  de  plas  and  evn  de  fwrm  ov  wurd*. 


LfiSN  3.     [49—58.]     cff  Diflvij:  and  A.tpir*!. 

67.     3.R  aspirat,  k,  olwaa  present  a  vowel,  and  \y.    epre- 
tented  bj  a  sniol  dot  just  befor  it,  aa  in  de  foloig  eg^ampla: 


bed         hjv         her        bom         hil         hep        had 
H  prestdig  de  stroc  w  ma  be  ritn  bj  a  dafi  acrr»s  it.  '.a 
be  aded  iu  vocaljsalion  ;  ae,  —  hwira,  Hwertn. 

Se  Dubl  Vovdz.     [235—246.] 

68.  It  so  seldom  hapne  dat  enibig  can  br  -.'fin*!  I'i  <\t 
dubl  vowel  sina  dat  it  i?.  unnesesari  tia  l>;ri!  dtir^  <I« 
voirela  can  aa  wel  be  ritn  separatli;  and  in  rep  >rf.ig  it  ia 
Bufifiqnt  tu  insert  de  acsented  vowel. 


LESN  4.     [63 — 70.]     Jvyniij  it 

69.  »E  wud  recomend  to  de  lqrn§r  tu  er  rad.;r  in  ecs«s 
dan  defect,  in  macig  de  hevi  strocs,  in  <rnli;r  tu  ;:  ustum 
de  hand  to  de  distinciion. 


LESN  5.     [128—187.]     R,  Lt  £.—  Se  Up-*tr,., •*. 

70.  3e  ecsepfionz  to  de  jen^ral  nflz  givn  in  1'qit  1.  wil 
be  introdiist  at  de  proper  tjm.  4  fjnd  dat  in  m[  yriu-'is  [ 
mac  fi^r  eceepfiona  DOW  dan  i  did  ten  ycrs  ago. 


I'',.  »Ii-  prinsipul  re/.n  as[nd  ftrr  mai/irj  eosepjoii*  to  dtv,  nil/, 
IIHK  bin  dat  it  iiitrod'ise'  (toward  fcmne;  SIK;  ;u  Rm,  rt.  It  wil  be 
s?n,  howovqr,  bj  ritirj  dr.*  fernn*  arid  turnirj  Af  papqr  45°  rtj  WH, 
Ant  da  btrum  IT  and  nif,  hwig  qr  not  considqrd  iacoiiv*ny»;nt 
i<rrim>.  +  <iij<'  dr  erwirdues,  ec]>c/uli  in  di'  cat  ov  Rin,  cor^Hts 
ij.-t'li  in  dp  want  ov  prncti»;  ;i<!  /  iz  an  ecstrcmji  ercwurd  sown' I  f<r 
"i  t'orcn  r  ni  (irlk-t;lat,  oldo  it  i<!  nac'irali  so  f-t[  dat  <;il<Jrfn  frr- 
<-w«jiitli  inbstitut  it  f«rr  jr. 


LESX  6.     [59—73.]     flat  mid  fos'fo,,, 

1\.     $  hav  abandond  de  aspirated  or  wpcjr  plas.  an<Jd<n 
mi-  rc-cumcnd  its  yi^s.     L'nles  de  papqr  i^  rijld  veri  wjd,  it 
too  ner  de  l^n  ubuv. 


..  Duhl-nild  papfjr.  —  dat  is.  papqr  ri\ld  wid  tu  ljn<>  obowl  J 
I^L  -s  ;m  iiHj  apqrt,  su  dat  dr.  f«;r$t  plas  incl[nd  and  pqrpen'iii'H- 
lur  '  i  ••.n:s*ina  rest  upon  d?  upqr  l[n,  and  dt:  t;rd  plas  incljn'l  and 
"ticillur  strocs  ma  c  mens  at  dat  Ijn,  —  \z  vysfu!  ftrr  l;rn- 
•  K.  i:i  enablig  dem  tu  fernn  a  proper  habit  ov  rjtig.  But  nft^r  to 
i'uliit  \f.  ferrrml.  so  dat  dc  reporter  fan  rjt  prop-rh  and  wido<>  t 
(Hi'irulti  npou  unrtild  pap;r,  shjgl  rulip  \*  o\  dat  i*  iicsesari;  ^c 
pr:  isijxxl  jus  ov  ruiii);  wid  ecspi'ri^nst  report^''?,  briij  lu  prc-2e,rv  <i 
yuiiiiVnuiti  in  At  sjg  ov  de  rjtiy  h\vjij  wil  enahl  dom  wid  aoiif«si 
tu  I'-innat  dr  tunownt  ov  uiat^r  conlnnd  inagivn  number  ov  p»:j- 
vf.  and  ds;  tjm  ncse»ari  fer  iu  transcrip/on. 


72.  3e  t^rma  "plas"  and  "po?.ifion"  qr  yiigtiQli  j  H-«l 
-  sindiiimiis,  a^.  da.r  ia  no  sistem  ov  fonografi  publitit  in 
witj  hwot  j  Ctrl  pcv.ilion  u  reg(irded. 

tt'f.  tic  priusipl  ov  d>-  fTtrs-ruliy  i*  dis:  «h  pap^r  K  rul<i  wid 
;  pcQ'tidtlar  A*  wcl  a^.  lion'.outul  lin<.  poni/on  rei'<;rirj  to  <1:  f"  - 
i';r.  •»<!  plHc  to  dt  Intcir.  II  v  spas  i*  dus  <ll\[»le«l  lumwntc.li  •  r 


70  iTXKOPROKOBRAPHl*. 

4  pozi/ons,  tu  carespond  wid  dt  dots,  <Js  dajee,  de  aspirat  and 
diftorg?,  and  de  ooales^ats.  W»n  advantaj  ov  dis  iz  dat  it  i>rov[tls 
13  situa/one  ferr  eg  farm,  and  savz  voealiza/on.  Anudqr  iz  dat  it 
fasilitats  fvaegografi;  nicni  fffrme  beig  ritn  ia  de  posi/on  ov  an 
omited  ward  tu  indicat  it,  de  ritn  wurd  retariirj  its  on  plas  if 
its  ferrra  alon  wil  not  jdentifj  it, 

J  stil  bdev  dat  a  yug,  iajgnjais,  and  self-reljant  fonograftjr, 
mjt  perfect  a  sistem  ov  rjtii)  upon  cres-ruld  pap«;r  upon  &ee  jc-nr. 
ral  priusiplz,  hwig  wud  be  mar  gaili  and  rapidli  ritn  dan  eni  posibl 
sistem  ritn  upou  comon  j)ap^r.  J  abandondit  gsfli  in  eom-ecwqns 
ova  Ifrrj  iut^rupjon  ia  mjstudi  ov  fonografic  impruivm^nt-  l.efo- 
j  liad  acwjrd  suqfamilyariti  wid  it  ae  tu  bg  asiitcd  bj  it  in  re]>o:f-  * 
ig  rapid  spKcqra. 

73.  It  wil  be  obaqrvd  dat  in  consecwqns  ov  de  inv^rHon 
ov  fie  vowel  seal,  ci  veri  Iqrj  number  ov  wurda  qr  ritn  in  de 
O  F-  in  de  b^rd  pla»  hwiq  [  rjt  in  de  fgrst,  and  v^t  v,  rsa. 
For  dis  rean,  and  becera  de  vowela  qr  ecsqanjd  in  a  >iuular 
manqr,  it  ia  advjzabl  dat  de  Redig  Ecsgrsjaea  in  dc  C-  .F- 
fiud  not  be  yU'd  bj  de  l^rn^r  ov  mj  sistem  aa  redig,  ccsqr- 
sjaea,  but  merli  az  ilustrafiona. 

74.  Wurda  qr  ritn  in  de  second  plas,  hwiq  iz  }  Agnail  de 
most  conveny^nt,  ecseptig  hwen  recwjrd  tu  be  dititiggwifit 
from  ud^re  ov  de  sam  form;  in  hwiq  cas  de  wurda  most 
frgcwgntli  ocurig  qr  asjnd  to  fle  2d  plas,  and  de  ud^rz  to 
de  1st,  2d  or  3d  plas,  aa  fqr  aa  posibl,  acerdig  to  dar  (Dom- 
inant vowek.     (8e§15.) 

It  IB  frecw^ntli  deairabl  tu  distiggwifi  bj  a  di.'igr^ns  ov 
pla8,  an  uncomon  wurd  ritn  wid  de  sam  ferm  a?,  anud./ 
mor  frecwqntli  ocurig,  oldo  d^r  ma  be  no  danj^r  ov  con- 
flict betwen  dem. 

i'f.  3e  qanj  in  de  ferrro  ov  de  rul  obviats  de  nesesiti  jv  «-IKJ  a 
list  ov  ecsep/onz  ae  dat  givn  in  not  /;  doa  wurdz  now  taclij  A<  &1 
plas  und^r  de  rxil. 


8T8NOPHOHOOHAPH1B.  71 

75.     It  wil  be  wel  fcrr  de  lqrnt;r  at  dis  peynt  tu  red  de  1st 
€Japt<jr  ov  Obz^rvafioii^,  pajeg  23 — 31. 


LESN1.     3.t  Vowel  Grtmdogz. 

76.  Gramaloga,  or  let^r-wurdz,  q,r  wurda  dat  q,r  ritn  bj 
a  siggl  caractqr;  doa  ocurig  most  frecwejntli  beig  repreaent- 
ed   bj  dots   or   dafiez,  and   ud^rg  bj  strocs,  aimpl  or  com- 
pownd,  s^rcla  err  elipsea. 

77.  Fjndig  dat  mj  practis  dua  not  folo  de  aranjm^nt  in 
H9,  espefiali  witf  regq,rd  to  plasig  sum  frecwgnt  wurda  be- 
to  de  Ijn,  |  wil   repet  de  list,  so  modifjd  aa  tu  corespond 
mor  nerli  wid  mj  practis,  and  wid  de  nil  stated  in  §74. 

'•  • 

1  de  in 

2  he  and 


1  tn,  tm     tu,to    qy    |      bco-m  fiud    de      forco    in-d» 

2  'l;\r.  dar  ov         o    bow  trr        on    he,bim  for     from 
'    &\  but        hqr  'a,an  e        upon  on      beccra  and 

78.  Sins  a  dot  cannot  be  jcrynd,  e-1  de  comon  wurda 
run  bj  dots  qr  provided  wid  diiplicat  ftrfma;  i  •  beig  ritn 
bj  ;:',  and  de  udyrg  bj  dafieg  in  convenyqnt  direcfiona.  cle 
ilaiie^,  hwen  je-ynd  to  a  presedig  wurd,  q,r  y\i3d  almost 
ecschisivli  for — d^r,  tu,  hqr,  a,  hoo,  fiud,  de,  fer,  and, — 
respccti vli.  3e  dafiea  fer  lde'  aud  'be'  must  nev^r  be  ritn 
ulon. 


7'J.     tie  d;ifi  for  'de'  ma  be  rltn  upwordu  in  de 
c;r  de,    (j-r  de,    at  de,   had  de.    woa  de.   hu>m  <le.    hwiq  fie, 
hwedt^r  dr,  and  primps  mlfjrz. 

80.  ^  1-av  bro-t  :he'  to  de  2d  p!as  tu  crp  it  mor  distigt 
from  'j.'  wid  hwkj  j  tjnd  it   seriusli  tu  conflict  in  report ig 
t  stimr  ni,  if  ritn  e1,  a?,  't  wo^  ftrrmq-li  n'.n.      Ftrr  de  sam 
rt!?n,  i  hav  o'so  apropria'.ed  to  it  d  daK.  and  hav  provided 
lerr  -him'  a  dif^nt  form  from  'me.' 

81.  In  reportig  testimnui,  'i-'  'he'  'him.'  and  'hqr'  ma 
1'cjo'yiid  in  de  pre  Sfii^  ward,     tie  daH  far  'him'  mabeoo 
atonal i  stru'?  uj>5  a^^se  him.  scr  him.     In  slo  and  earful 
I'itig.  -him'  ma  beritu  a«i  hcrtofor,  m''.  a>,  its  diiplicat  fann. 

82.  clc  foloirj  q.r  Huatrtafiona  ov  'de  fcmiiafion  Ov  frazee 
bj  jeryiii'Q  de  dalles:— 

>  .                   A  T 

1  to  de  Ti'uil  da.r 

2  ov  de  (fyr  fiud  on  to  from  a 

3  but  de  but  Hud  and  a 

fn  Ijo  mailer  ma  be  fcrnnd — and  de.  fiud  de,  upon  de,  on 
du,  from  de,  for  dr,  j  fiud.  hai  h'lid.  how  fiud.  or  da,r,  on 
da",  broj  dar.  ferr  dar.  from  dar,  beooa  dar.  and  dar.  &s. 

83.  cT^r  qr  sum  comon  fraaea  in  hvnq  'j*  di;<!  not  redili 
jrryn.     It  nm  be  ritn  horiaontol  in  de  frfleea  —  \  did1,   i  did 
not,  i  da)2,  i  dm  not.  \  hadd.  j  had  not,  — de  vt;rb  gw  .n.ii) 
tie  plas  tU  distiggwifi  dem,  and  in  'sed  \. '     It  ina  b^  iifi 
p.;rpendicnlorli  upward  befor  -f,'   'v,(  or  -n.'    a? — i  i-n,  j 
understand,   j  fjnd. 

A';>(p  AV?*-r.Tjr. — itwar'  <luij-ym  liv?  If1  at8  horn*  j-tuu  nt  3^i- 
'"•«r$fo  in  Iltnery.  How  Iwr)  hav-yui  luid  a  hom  in  Ilin«r\*  y»r 
ia  iiiUnf  ftud'a  hc^f:3  Diuiyui-ti<JiJ  Indi  bp^J*:  aaitt  uv  Bali1  I- 


STKNOPUOFOGftjlPHIR.  7* 

»,u:.  Et'-woi-dt  w[f  ov  Jacob  Btili;  nnd-;  s<y-h}r  but-a  da  trr-t-i 
ago  rmic-a.H  aj>fll  tn-hiin  tu-<ro-bac  to  liincry.  To-hium  vior.-St: 
..ft!  yuisa  yui  stf-hqr  mac?  To  Jacob  Bali?  No;  it-woz  'o-i* 
vug  t'do  hm  tuc-c/iRJ  ov-hqr  and-hqr  b.igaj  from  liinery  to  Nu'- 
VITKC.  XE  cam  htr1  tu  ?£  Bali,  liiu-wo<s  iu-dt:  jal  Ijiij  i!;1  buf-:.»'- 
•••  <j<  htri'i  on  :VJtmda.  aud-Je  cam  on- ft  foloig  da. 

'f.  MT  Munsn  disccirde  nerli  ul  OT  dt  vowel  grauifilog-s,  i'.i 
frdtjr  tu  I*  abl  tu  iutrodiis  sum  cjnvtnyynt  abrevia/ous.  ^  ht> 
In1,  reane  for  retauiij  dein.  1.  No  coiivsnyijnt  /wrtliand  maitri  il 
/ud  be  discarded  hwen  a  yus  can  bs  fownd  fwr  it;  and  dotrf  aurl 
^!ti/e:  tir  dt  most  couvtnyqnt  posibl  Jorthand  material.  2.  iV.- 
nofjrafi  ii<  mad  inor  rcdili  lejibi  bt  rediisiij&  prOuiiaqna  ov  &..  ia[- 
iior  wurda  ov  a  sent^ns.  ds  priiisipal  ward*  bi-ig  dus  rend^d  rnor 
i-  ..i-jiicuus.  3.  (Tl  <fe  advaiitaje^  ov  d£  ful  leijt  f«ruu  f:*r  d» 
p  -ir'Lclz  can  be  ob'and  bj  alow  it)  dem  sug  fcfi'mz  iu  adi/os  t^>  d<sr 
"•;•  iinari  reprezenta/on,  a«  duplicat  forma. 

!  ndcjr  ds  nam  ov  ticii,  however,  MT  Mnnsn  yuaez  dt  du/es  in 
'in!>inajon.     It  iz  onli  hwen  standii)  alon  dat  hj   ncglco^  dea  ; 
mid    evn  den  hs  hiifi  sum  coaipensa/on  in  beig  ennbid  tu  Jo,*  ft 
h<if  legt  strat  8tcma  mor  frsli.     [323—329] 


8.     [95—121.]     ffc  Sercl:. 

84.  Betwcu  i\i  curvg  turnig  in  opozit  direcS<  na  widow t. 
an  sggl,  dest/cl  fiud  be  plast  widiude  f'§  s   curv,  unles,  in 
<i  compownd  wurd  o-r  a  fraa,  it    prop;_;r!i  beluga  to  rte  se-'- 
ittul.     cEus,  in  de  ward*  'ofistji'   and  'rnasn,'  it  iiud  be  ntr 
"ii  de  ii^id  ov  de  f;rst  curv;  hwjl   in  de  fraac?  'if  ngi'  and 
'raj  sun,'  it  fiu<t  be  ritn  orv  de  insjd  ov  de  second  curv. 

85.  Hwen  u  wurd  contanz   de  consoi  ants   s-s    n'i,  5* 
f.^JBt  s  folog  de  rq,!;  beig  ritu  bj  a  stroc  onli  hwen  a  vrwfl 
preseda.     '?es.'  &s\  <(.r  d^rfor  ritn  58. 


74  RTBKOFHONOOBArHBB. 

86.  $  do>  not  yxia  de  inifial  dubl  sqrcl,  ecseptig  fsrr  <s«- 
«ed,'  'besefion,'  'sustan,'  '•ustenans,'  'tosjeti,'  and  for 
frazeograma,  becore  j  prefer  ud§r  ferrmz. 

«y.  3is  ferm  for  'sosjeti'  ma  jenqrali  be  jwynd.  If  dE  naw  ov 
ds  sos|eti  end?  in  -an,  ritn  wid  a  hue,  de  stroc  /'  /ud  be  snb» 
"tituted,  tu  averyd 


87.  Comens  Tabl  1,  paj  7,  ag  a  rjtig  ecafjrsjs,  practisig 
in  de  mod  dascrjbd  on  pqj  41,  last  paragraf,  eceeptig  dat 
eq  wurd  \z  tu  be  ritn  wuns  onli  at  dis  tim,  aa  sum  ov  dem 
wil  be  furdgr  abreviated  heraft^r.  For  inatans:  — 

<ta  Rsp1  KJ  and  ots. 

nip1  and  tar  up  erl  Rebel  yuniformz. 

Peqettw  Rjp1  in-  At  ferl.8 

3a  qr  wuRt  (  JVo<  ^.)  tu  Rupee1  apes,1 

IP-da  qr  Ropi1  da  qr  wurt  les. 

Rspa2  bored  muni  sixi. 

A  Rop2  ma  -be  cut. 

3e  Rap  ov-d£  LOO  iz  a  poem. 

Rap8  ou-ds  dor  <rr  Riij  de  bel. 


Note/on.     [250—260.] 

'•fi.  MJ  nota/on  wil  bg  redili  undqretud  bj  compari^i  At 
Eesqrsja  on  paj  228  ov  ds  Complst  Fonograf^r  wid  df 
i'z  printed  in  mi  nota/on.  It  wud  be  mor  consin^n!  tu  olaiif] 
k  w  y  wid  ds  stroc  consonants;  but  ds  prinsipal  por/oa  ov  raj 
buc  in  hwig  mj  nota/on  i*  yuid,  woz  printed  IPTJ  brfur  m|  adop> 
/on  ov  dr  stroc  tya.  for  h  v>  and  y. 


Hwotew^'r  ma»ha'--bin 
fto'm  hwi^3  ^-ha»  ec'ft/'acterf1  doz  Wur<fe,  ;- 
ese?i!fol  mswin3  is3  ps^'SKterf  hWe'n-i  ap'i1  item  to-<?s-! 
cu'mz  be/o'r 


ITKlfOFHONOORAFHER.  7f 

fi.  3*  nota/on  yued  bj  M-r  Munsn  rcaerablz  mj  on  in  "it, 
must  important^  fetitrs;  and  At  labor  OT  Iqrnig  it  wil  bs  amph  Tt 
pud  hj  AE  sujesMjonz  oontand  in  <k  TabU  ov  dt  O  F-. 


[284—285.]     Cow-;  -ijr,  *r  mp:  Jr. 

88.  CI   prefics  presedig  com-  ma  be   ritn  ineted  pv  de 
dafi,  and  in  its  pla-s  tu  represent  bofe;  a&, 

Inconstant,  recomend,  decompoa,  discompoz,  nnrecompenst. 

/.  i  dm  not  apruiv  ov  rjtig  tu  wurds  in  procsimiti  tu  repre- 
»ient  At  omi/on  ov  com-,  sins  procsimiti  reprezents  As  omijon  or 
;  •/>•  OT  to  $e.  (Se  Lesn  20.) 

89.  It  wil  be  wsl  tu  redi;s  de  yns  ov  d»  strocs  ferr  vr, 
lr,    and  mp,  aa  muq  aa  posibl,  in  erd^r  dat  da_r  ma  be  let 
danj-r  nv  intqrfer^ns   wid  dar  yiis  fer  w,  i/,  and  h.     It  wil 
be  fownd,  however,  dat  d^r  iz  but  litl  practical  int^rfer^n* 
betwei.  //•  and  y,  and  betwen  mp  and  h.     Q  spefial  lesn  wil 
foe  devoted  to  dea  caracte,ra.     (Lesn  23.) 

•§0     JTe  mp  stroo  ma  olso  be  yn,ad  ocasonali  fcrr  n»6.  (?) 


LESS  10.     [279—282]     Logogram:  &n 

91.  <  )mit  'cum,'   -togedgr,'  'f^rat,'  and,  for  de  prez<ju», 
wurd<;  ritn  wid  lr  and  mp.     Ad  de  foloin: 

d2    did  c~     can  c;i     cum 

92.  In  l«r  reportij  de  foloitj  adifionol  gramalogg  ma  b* 


76  BTKNOFHONOOBAPHKR. 

p'     plantif       d!     defendant         n2     recolect 
p"     pqrt.  pq,rti,  patent  c3     cownscl 

Ii;iiy  Ecsertiz. — Hwurdui-yiu  reajd?  -f  re«;d  in  Misiuri.  DI; 
yuifoln  eni  -hi^-ncj?  i'-ani  a-ltryi;r.  err- wo*  a-lflry^r  a-mant  agv. 
i'-am-in-a  dif  ,rqnt  bknes  now,  <f;--/ul-b£  sun.  i-ja!-b£  a  juj  iu-  < 
da  <T;-'.U.  Dm  yw  piv  eni1  tjm  to  eni -tig  cl.s?  It-ia  yuju.al  ferr 
<np.  tu  n*  and  sel  ocun,  cow?,  c  ;v?..  and-i  f'-i1  Jsp;  and-j  rjl  for-- 
muntli  niiipa^m  it'-j  de^i  •  lu-priv  inj  VH»I  on  eni  subject.  Dm  yv. 
noenitiy  ov  &  €[m-3  laijgwaj?  (Cowmel.)  f-suj-oa  j-jud-sa  litr 
i^b  or  no  rten  ferr  sag  an  iiicwjii  and-j  objec1  to-it.  If-yui-wil 
salisfj  rat  or  its  btirj  rjt,  ym  ma  asc  it. 


LESA*  II.     ffe  W^Seriz  oe^Di/Toyf. 

93.  'Hwjl'  iz  ritn  wj-;  —  se  paj  3. 

94.  5  cffl  5e  litl  semisijrel  yi\zd  for  flc  difbog^  u  cu-  v.j 
iafi,  becg>i  it  ia  ov  de  sam  leijb,  mesurd  djamftricali, .  :t:-,d 
resevE  similar  tretnipnt  in  fra^eografi. 

'"''.  MT  Munsn  dieccirda  Af.  v  and  y  smz  ov  difttryz,  a:;.' 
[n;r/oli  supljz  dar  plase?  bi  Iqvj  ini/il  hues,  f  regard  flis  n-  ;ui 
dpro^  to  d£  pisteiu  ov  ;-f  prezcntir)  ds  vowel?  bj  dn/cz  hwiq  bn-ui;i 
pq.it  (iv  de  owtljn  ov  de  ward;  de  objec/on  to  Lwiq  ie  dat  df  ••  uv  c' 
'•nnnot  be  oiuitod  widowt  matsriali  (janjig  df  aptrans  ov  dt;  wurd. 
dar  qr  nicni  commi  wurd  a  hwiq  diu  not  recwjr  df  t<:  0v  y  in  oni 
t'enn,  and  hwig  /ud  not  be  cumbqrd  wid  it;  and  for  au^  wurd->  i 
tiijc  it  important  dat  At  w  and  ;/  st'ria  Jud  be  yuad  in  vcicolpn- 
lofi:  a? — wil,  hwar,  wurd,  wuri'.  On  At  ud-r  hand,  in  nieni 
..-asea  dt  hue  wil  sav  voc  iljea/on,  and  wil  fu;ni/  At  brrfe«t  f<rnu- 
Hut  utfjrli  difC  ;rdiy  dt  curv  da|e«.  bot  standiij  alon  and  in  com- 
bjna/ou,  srniz  to  ms  a  szrias  Itrs.  (Se  paj  73,  not  -y'.) 

•y.  <Iur  i/.  u  cwolil'jd  ji^rmijou  tu  yn?  d?  difiona  sparinli,  [i.'44j! 
431,]  and  ol^o  tu  yt^  Jfe  curvdaj"  gimpli  fwr'  c-.  (Sc  I-f^n  25.) 


»T»XOrnO.S06BAPHER. 


li.     if*  Y  Sfriz  or  Diftvya. 


V5.     Uuiit  'da  hav,1  and  *da.r  hat.'     Rjt  'beyond'   in 
second  plas 

96.     In  practisig  upon  pajea  14  and  16,  it  wil  be  we 
dis  tjm  tu  omit  al  wunli  eontanig  w,  t/i  er  A,  and 
apropriated  to  vr. 


LESN  13.     [138—155.]     ok  L  Hue. 

'•~ .  •!'  rjt  dc  /  hue  smal  upon  de  curv  strocs  !f'  'v'  'fa' 
•d.'  and  olso  upon  'fi'  '5',  liwiq  j  rjt  invariablj  upward- 
l"|:oi'  fl«  h'iriRontal  curvz,  «m,'  'n,'  '9,'  -h,'  and  upon  'y,'  j 
rjr  dr  hue'  Icvrj.  S,  z,  downward  r,  and  ii',  can  not  resev  an 
iiiifiui  hui-  aa  decaractejrz  dus  mad  qr  aprop1  iated  to  'br,' 
•dr.'  />.  and  t-r.  Q  smerl  iniEal  hue  to  I  macs  it  lr. 

'.<*.  Dm  it  -cabolic.'  It  ma  aa  wel  be  ritn  'cb,'  hwiq 
h  -  !r  \MvuTitaj  ov  beig  de  comensmqnt  ov  dc  wurd. 


14.     [141—169.]     tic  R  Hue. 

9'i.  I',  ha?  bin  de  practis  tu  rjt  Rtr  widowl  a  definit  »§- 
X;  l)ftwcn  de  H  and  de  hue.  3is  \t  not  advjaabl  in  slo 
mid  earful  rjtig. 

l(X).  It  13  les  cocvpijy^nt  tu  plas  de  hue  on  de  bac  ov  a 
•  urv;  hens  de  fonografs  'f*  'v'  'b'  'd,'  q,r  rev^rst  hwen  de  r 
hue  i?  apljd.  de  caractiji-g  dus  formd  not  bcig  neded  for  rr, 
u-' .  .-  .  dnri  ;>.  hMri<j  qr  not  ritn  wid  de  r  hue 


78 

101.     Omit  [§165—7]  ferr  de  prez^nt     (Se  Lean  24. ) 

gy.  ft  iz  an  iregulnriti  tu  turn  ove,r  ds  stroc  /  in  fermin  fr. 
bat  it  iz  Olso  an  iregulariti  tu  turn  ds  r  hue  to  4s  left;  and  oldo 
de  fflrrmtjf  iz  m'or  conspicuus  to  At  j,  ds  lat^r  semz  to  me  evn  a 
grater  evl  in  practis,  inaamut)  az  it  afects  de  direc/on  ov  de  fqrtt 
mo/on  ov  de  hand  in  rjtig  a  wurd.  3is  iucousist  ;nsi  wil  olso  mac 
itself  vizibl  to  dt  [  in  japid  rjtig;  far  if  we  rjt  pi  cwicli,  dar  i^  a 
tend  ;nsi  tu  curv  ds  p,  and  den  <k  c wesson  wil  arjz,  n  t  hwed^r  i* 
ie  pi  vi  Jl,  but  hwedqr  it  iz  pi  er  fr. 

3c  sam  objec/onz  aplj  to  At  nu  sistem  introdust  in  ds  lit  sdi- 
fon  ov  faac  Pitman'a  Manual,  hwiq  givz  £g  caractqr  hot  fcrrmz, 
ite  smerl  hue  beig  yu«d  f»r  r,  and  At  Iqrj  hue  ferr  /.  3.is  iz  a 
combiiia/ou  ov  dg  tu  eistcmz,  and  haz  d£  advantaj  ov  alowirj  di 
*elec/on  ov  At  most  coimnyi;nt  form  in  eg  ca». 

3$  sistem  ov  E1  F'  Und^rhil  obviats  bot  inconsiat»nsiz.  H» 
rUs  dE  hue  on  ds  bac  ov  de  stroc,  but  rjts  it  ax  a  tic.  <Lt  teorcti. 
col  objec/oii  to  dis  iz,  not  onli  dat  it  substitu's  a  tic  ferr  a  hue, 
but  dat  it  int^rfgrz  wid  df  yus  ov  dt  tic  far  daf  wurdz  in  frazso- 
jjrafi.  3is  iutqrfsr^ns  ma  not  bs  impen-tant;  and  j  tiyc  it  mit  be 
obviated  bj  goiij  bac  to  perfect  consist^nsi,  bj  ritig  (K.  hue  011  dt 
bac  ov  As,  curv,  az  in  'yui-hav,1  'WE-SB.' 

But  perfect  consistqnsi  betwen  de  strat  Ijnz  and  de  curve,  j  con-' 
sty  tu  be  impracticabl,  lu  ord^r  tu  atan  it,  it  wud  not  ouli  be 
nesesari  tu  qanj  owr  practis  wid  regqrd  to  de  ini/al  and  fjnol 
hues,  but  olso  wid  regqrd  to  <k  sqrclz  and  luips,  ini/al  and  f[nal. 
MT  Munsn  msrli  apljz  to  de  ini/al  hues  ds  earn  distin/on  dat  has 
olwaz  bin  mad  wid  el  At  ud^r  apendajez,  regqrdip  At  smerl  hue 
upon  dt  insjd  ov  de  curv  az  corespondiij  to  de  rjt  hue,  ini/al  <rr  l[- 
nal,  upon  de  strat  l[n. 

An  egzamina/on  ov  At  qanjez  hwic,  wud  be  rtndqrd  neeeiari  bj 
de  adop/ou  ov  ed^r  or  de  nu  planz,  hac  led  me  to  de  concliyon  daf 
de  practical  advantajcz  qf  probabli  in  favor  ov  de  sistem  ov  re- 
••ijrgifl  de  fonografsf  hwtQ  has  bin  de  ynniv^rsal  practis  lot  *a 


•TIHOPHOHOOmArKIB.  *' 

i  ycre.  notwidstandig  d£  inconsistqnsi  conected  wid  it. 

<jh.  It  hai  bin  At  practis  tu  rjt  mr  and  iir  hevi,  tu  diathjgwij 
deru  from  ml  and  «/,  hwic,  wsr  ritn  ^frii  <te  smo-1  hue;  but  hj 
tuloptig  de  Iqrj  iui/al  hue  dis  iregulariti  can  be  aveydcd  ni^owf 
ia:it£riali  qanjig  de  fermz. 

yi.  3t  caractqrz  f<rr  >/;•  and  .^/  ma  be  apropriatcd  to  /;>//•  and 
yijt,  and  yuzd  olso  for  ycr  and  ^c/. 


LESNtt.     [176—178.]     3t  N  Hue. 

102.  c[«  final  hues  ma  be  aded  to  de  stroca  ttfr  w,  y} 
and  A.  (8e  Lean  23.) 

>th.  MT  Undqrhil,  ferr  de  sac  ov  consist^nsi,  rjts  de  «  htic  on  d» 
bsc  ov  de  carve,  bj  a  tic,  if  nesesari  tu  mac  it  a  rjt  hue,  az  in  /ft, 
tf,  and  nn.  (Se  Hot  yy.)  He  erlso  rjts  d£  e-;rcl  ftrr  s  on  t4r,r  •]<! 
•ov  de  stnt  stroo.  rjtia  da  sqrcl  widin  de  hue  ferr  *tr,  tns,  fyy. 


LESN16.    [170—187.]     3t  Son  *nd  f  Htttt. 

103.  3e  leg  naro  hue  upon  de  curvz,  [§175,]  inifial  er 
'fjnal,  fiud  onli  b»  y^ed  in  doa  cases  hwqr  it  ma  be  rttc 
lq,rj  in  reportig  widowt  imp^rig  lejibiKti;  sotfat  in 
vie  Iqrj  hue  ma  be  yund  bj,  Ijsgns. 


:  .  izoo  Pitman  alowa  dt  /on  hue  tu  bs  ritn  on  tAqi  8^d  ov  a 
ttrat  stroc.  t  dm  not  tine  de  advantaj  in  dc  selec/ou  ov  ds  m«M 
coavenyqBt  form  sufifcnt  tu  oempeniat  ferr  de  -wast  or  /0>rthand 
material. 


39  tTlWOl'HOXOGKAPHBR. 


LESNll.     [212—235.]     Hqf  L  ;,t  Sir,..  <. 

104.  Comen-berd  p'a*  incljnd  and  perpendicular  -tc  i  « 
u  litl  abuv  de  Ijn,  so  dat  ti|  t^rdz  ov  de  s^em   R»!  f«im  l'»- 

'  ia  it. 

105.  Q  ful  legb  t  12  betqr  for  wurd?  endi^  in  -iti  d»n 
rcsepfionali  hqvig  de  last  item. 

106.  3e  n\\z  ov  lesa  5  aplj  olso  to  de  stem-'  hweri  wirt 
apendajea,  and  hwen  hq,vd. 

107.  Ecstend  de  practis  recomended  in  j87  .>  '  nl  <\r  ra- 
blz,  prior  to  Lesn  9;  studiig  olso  de  nots  in  smerl  tjp    and 
practisig  upon   de  ilustrafiona.     Practis  in  Ijc  man  p  upon 
da  foloig    rjtig   ecs^rsja,  hwiq  consists  tjefli  ov  wur^ix  fpr 
hwiq  j  now  recomend  dift^rgnt  ferrms  from  do'  sujestcd  in 
Pq,rt  1,  wurda  not  fuli  in  de  notaEon,  and  wur<l^.  •  'mitf  .i 
from  dar  proper  plasea  in  de  tablz  err  ilus'ranonz. 


E'-s'rsit.  —  CaterfaaZ.  Ler,  i.ower,  REit^Bai,  w.i\.<iit.   n  -d.,/. 

J,  C/QRSH,  c/aRion,  hwedqr5.  cuiu^r,  caniq'',  narsi  i;;.  af:v, 
naraybn,  scownrfRe/,  jevi^ral,  it^Raf2,  owtRJi3,  IUKC/-,  tiRftd1.  de- 
RJd2,  toRid8,  tqRdi3,  teRifi2,  dcxiv'-2,  taRif3,  tuKci,  dan-,  pjp  r\  pt- 
p^ra,  pep^r2,  patedc,  apatetic,  truli1,  ut^rli'2,  jiny.i/,  mn-y  frr- 
Ta/,  Recwjr,  seRemoni. 

y.  It  ha«  bin  customari  tu  rj^t  r  I  m  n  h  if  lent  t  ••.  H..1  /  .jnli. 
macirj  dem  hevi  tu  ad  rf,  dus  eoscl'idig  de  co.tipji.difj  hevi 
caract;r«  from  bsig  mad  htif  lent.  Hwjl  cloz  cisract  jr  reprf- 
zented  ';/•  /r  mp  and  /;,  dis  ma  hiv  bia  a  gau  in  ivdi  le  ibiliti.  — 
*  am  couTinst  flat  ds  trs  ferm^r  caraet«jr«,  now  repr^vciuig  /^  n- 
r^nd  w,  Jud  no  Itrng^r  bs  ecsepted  fiom  dc  Jen  r  .1  r.J:  :md  Ae 
hdf  lejt  y  wil  bi  provided  for  in  Lesn  31. 


LESN  18.     [192—310.}     3t  Lvtpa,  4*- 


IU8.  $  hav  sucfcded  in  rednslg  de  y^s  ov  de  clips  $»- 
V)  u  Bistem,  restorig  its  7x41  for  sf  and  sfr,  hwiq  i  hav  iv- 
Vi;r  iu  pr&ctig  enijrli  ubandond.  fTc  significans  ov  d«  for1 
dif^rqnt  direcfionz  wil  be  ecsp'and  in  Lesn  34.  3e  foloij 
Uet  ov  gramcilogz  ise'ecttd,  meni  yere  Q^O,  ?o  as  tu  roa/v, 
&  fqr  aa  posibl,  dc  direcfion  ov  de  separat  lu)i>  coresponi 
wid  its  dsrei.-fioa  in  de  wurd  hwiq  it  repieaeri'3.  f  dcu  Mnt 
cuusid.jr  de  Ibt  and  3d  plas  gramolog^  hwi«j  j  farmtirli  ssjnd 
«•;>  <le  Iqr)  elipaea,  ov  stififi^nt  va  ^  tu  be  repeted.  Olfto 
d!s  y.^s  ov  4e  elipsea  w  inconsistent  widda  tu  be  beruft-;r 
••Copland,  and  j,  wud  not  recomend  it  Lu  be  l^rnd  a*;  pre- 
^nt.  stil  j  doo  not  {)ige  d^r  wil  be  eni  material  conflict  br- 
twen  de  tn- 


dis;igcfion       est  interest 

2  intestigat      te>timoni      f^r^t        dem  stic 

3  testament  consat^^ni 


Lqrj  Lwpt. 
'i  remonetrons     az  it  w^r      est^r         &dministra£cir 

1:  it  a.  litl  remqr(Xibl  dat  hvrjl  j  hav  contimid  m  y*u  <rl  but 
wun  ov  de  {jramilogz  orijinali  a«[nd  to  d*  smef)  clips,  dar  qr  h»' 
lU  ov  de  hrj  elipsee  hwitj  j  luiv  fownd  lafifcmii  yusful  tu  cep  w 
fdrnilyar  wid  item. 

'F^rst'  ma  be  ritn  f8,  <rr  fst3,  tu  coreipond  wid  dt  fwrm 
it  tao*  in  fraaee. 


eS  flfklruPBONOORArH- K. 

109.  Rjt  fie  dubl  lejb  t-tro  a  iu  de  plas  ov  ti;  ni^gl  le$f> 
'alrocs.     Hie  HI'  ia  de  most   conve  y-jnt  ferr  dr  hand,  »*<! 
Jle  most  eail;  re;j;enibgrd.     (Se  Lean  26.) 

110.  Ecstend  de  prac'is  upon  de  !ahlg,  and  Btudi  OT  <ff 
no  3,  to  de  r.  mandqr  ov  L'qrt  1,  W'd  de  omifion  snjested 
in  §96.     Revii  de  tabl  ov  de  Dis  igofion  ov  Plaa  until  «•!  dp 
imperr  ant  w  rdz  (vr  fturoli  l§rnd.     Hercift-^r  el  de  egzamp- 
i?,,  iists  ov  wurdz,  and  tab  2,   hwrq  ma  be  prezented,  Bud 
resev   de  sam   studi  and    j>r?.c  is.     I    wil  be  wel  tu  TO\\\ 
dez  ecs^rsj^esj  afttjr  de  laps  ov  at  lest  a  wee,  and  tu  copi  In- 
to a  smo'l  *!UC,  in  fone  ic  log-hand,  evyri   v»urd  hwi<j  ha* 
bin  forgotn  in  dc  interim.     QfUjr  de  laps  ov  at  Ie»-t  anud»;r 
vcec,  comens  revn.ii)  from  dis  hue,  agen  copiiij  sn<;  *'urd?. 
aa  d(o  not   aper  tu  IIHV  bin  yet  fcuroli  l^nid.     3is  practis 
ma  be  continii*  in  conjugcfion  wid  ni|  lo  r.^..  tit  juirrmio^- 

wurd?.  and  fraaea  (rom  difijr^nt  lis  s  rend-rig  it  mt>t 
da:  da  wil  final!  be  Igrnd  indcpendgn  li  ov  <la~  -'lQ--- 
iftcafion. 


LESN  19.     [263-270,  283-285.]     frefiwt  «*/r  ^/i«f.  - 

111.  Ct  wurd  jerynd  to  anud^r  ritn  wid  an  afics,  tiv»d  b» 
joynd  to  de  afics,  radqr  dan  to  de  pre>edig  {•orfion  ov  4* 
wurd. 

la.  Sercum'  ma  bs  ritn  bj  a  prsficat  °,  tacig  ds  pla«  uv  4s  i»/ 
for  cow-:  a?,  a$rcum»tans,  i^rcuiuf^r^ns,  sgrcumsp»x;t,  ^  .rcnin- 
liaviga/on,  gijrcumlocujon,  *srcum»crib,  «qrcuinvent. 

kk.  3.t  tqrminajon  •wardmtL  be  ritn  We/;  hwiq  prcnqrv*  4*  « iW 
f«rra  ov  dis  tsrmiaa/on,  reprezentiy  rd:  az, 


Upward,  downwu'',  toward,   forward,  owtward,  i 
,  afterward,  wawurd,  nertward,  sowtward. 


16.     3t   nil*  f«rr  dg   forma/on  ov   4s  post  ten?,  givn  hi  M 
Miinsn.  qr  jcnqruli  aplicubl,  and  hav  ds  sagcfou  ov  IOTJ  ecipEr 
»;n«.    In  dt;  fu  cnicz  hwar  a  disjerynd  rf  it  mor  couvsny^nt 
'/  ma  yuji^  :li  hs  omited  ia  rcportig:  ae,  ofended,  confowoded  . 
reprezented,  subtracted,  dated,  recolected.    {293.] 


20.     [34S.]     Of  <*',  eo  «?c. 

112.  3e  f^a^e^  ;ov  de'  and  'to  de'  fiud  not  he  ecsprest 
bj  omifion  in  d<:>3  oascz  in  hwiq  de  seco'  d  ward  recw  \n  de 
'iistigcfion  ov  p'as  tu  identify  it,  m-r  in  hwiq  de  wurrfa  <xr 
noc  iniimatli  conected.  In  --um  rasea  an  adifional  coriso- 
uatit  ma  bf-  nded  tu  idenuf-j  de  second  wurd;  an  —  pqrt  ov 


Ic  in«:.i  caset  de  ambigniti  recwjrig  de  disti^cfion  OT 
pldti  12  :c:a.ovd  bj  de  fernnallon  ov  de  fraa,  aa  de  second 
wurd  must  be  wun  dat  can  folo  'ov  de,'  and  ia  yttgnali  a 
nown. 

fr.  Hwcn  00  ocure  widowt  de  articl  A  iinsdiatli  foloin,  it  Jud 
bi:  ii:n  sd-^r  b|  A;  d«J  ar  <lr/-huc.  4  cousid-jr  de  restfie/ou  OT  At 
oini/on  tci  9.->  <ilon,  recwjrig  de  fui  rjt"m  ov  fa.  frae  o^  tfe,  a  Itrs 
f>r  r  i  i  hrcviti  »nd  in  lejibiliti. 


I, ESN  21.     [271-4,  286— 2$7]     Omifonz. 

113.     3e  best  mod  OT  coatiacfion  bj  omifion  i«  tu  omit 
tie  lat*jr  pq^t  or  Q  wuid. 


$4  •TC'IOPBOKOOIUPHIB. 

Egzamvlz.  —  Unfiert'inst,  infrircw^nt,  unfadiomabl,  Be/i;,:cw;j.- 
;»ria!-ip'.  j  -nitjral,  discriiminR/oii,  cioiv.it  ferr-idr-piivpDs  ov,  ierr-ty 
bleru'fit  ov,  pri  !ilej.  p^'-'efct.  pq^'erirrn.  cfum,  giiv,  d:if^r<jni,  tiiy., 
car;?ict«jr,  Sffrivlir,  i.i^ivi  ;:u  1.  es-p'e/  Ji  ncpilect,  cog'.niaans,  ne- 
ig'n^Jon,  p'i'imii'iari,  rtlgimatje,  fi'awitvopi,  foniografi,  g'iorius, 
tc*tn:<r.  '!i  in  i,  pop:  i.lr.r.  pub  lie,  destteU,  subitUi'U,  comqri/al,- 
<'cs>j'.mij,  cc*  j:§rat.  jtogirafi.  puginasiti,  popqriti,- 
inipl.  pr:actis,  p  trtiic^lar.  opor/iuniti. 
r,  henij:(n  nt.  benev(ol<jnt,  x;ah(iuet,  def(«rrm,  deri:- 
(ocrat,  d«n(omi  ia/on.  disg(  rj.  ccstiv.r^igant,  prob(-ibl,  reg(ular 
;eliij(c«if,  repub(lic,  repu£(n  .ut,  reicm'bl,  reaur(ecjon,  sev(r;ral, 
sujfest,  tab^r(n  cl,  de»i<j(nnt,  est(abli/,  A(l\,  c(an,  malig(nant. 
c*t(olic,  deliajfcwqnt,  t(jm. 

114.  Q  hue  n  a  often  ba  oinited,  tu  be  suplid  in  vo  -- 
cili«aS»n;  dat  iz.  c;mited  in  rj  ig  de  sceleton  ov  dc  wurd 
rtnd  subs  'cwcnt'i  aded  ier  increst  lejibilili  iii  slo  and  cqrful 
fj  ig  if  bet  deairabl. 

Egzamplz.  —  TranSrajgraJon.  transmit,  transmut,  fffnnqr.  Jal-htr. 
bin,  asjnuiqnt,  ajurnmqnt,  aperyntmqnt,  spendtrift.  rc-'Musil.  ir.ai!- 
H»cript,  pnjtjntri  pcdantii,  j'Tynt-stoc,  iavoluntsri.  deinonstra/o:.,- 
reflecjon,  landholder,  iudiscrimiuat,  transpee.  tran«sic/o:i.  (S- 
.jL§<"  §41,  not  v.) 

In  snm  <Ja«oa  tii  hues  ma  dxis  be  omited  at  de  aam  aj^rl. 
*  nn  fr(>m  de  presedig  and  de  ud^r  from  de  foloig  stroc. 

Byzamph.  —  Transcr^b,  transgres,    transv^rs,    t  vanjelist,  Und- 


Id.     $  ad  a  fu  furd^r   ilustra/oiiK  ov  di  omijona  ov  con«oncii' 
>n  At  ferrmz  fcrr  wurdz  and  fraaee,  suj«te<l  \-\  P^rt  1: 

jSl.     Postscript,  ccrabustibl,  tastful,  festival,  restles, 
i«a!ptur. 


•T»MOFHOXOOB4M!nt.  S 

>b3.    Develop,  dootria,  rEJen,ra/on,  sitwn,  oapabl,  paiwj;» . 

<*«nj 

'59. 


LESN  22.     [261-^.  275-7.]     Distlyrfon  ov 

115.  It  ia  wun  ov  de  most  important  fetifa  ov  fono- 
grafi,  dat  it  provjda  d^plicat,  and  snm'im?  manifold  forma 
for  rjtig  dc  .-am  consonants,  dus  t-nablig  de  •  j  qr  tu  mac 
disti^cfiong  ov  form  hptwen  nurda  hwig  wud  ud^r\v|a   b« 
ritn  a'jc.     It  ig   a  bet-jr  mod  ov  distiggwifiig  suq   wurda 
t'rom  eq  ud^r  dan  de  distigcfion  ov  p  as,  beig  mor  ezili  and 
*;.rtanli  oba^rvd  in  rjtig,  and  fqr  mor  cons'  i  I|,UB  in  red-g. 
ilr.  n]lwi  olredi  lad  down  w»l  jen^rali  indicat  de  pmp^r  fo-rm 
ai  be  selected;  buf  sumtima  it  iz  nesesari  qrbitrarili  tu  se- 
K-ct  difijrtjnt  forma  for  dif^r^nt  ward?. 

116.  3e  foloig  tabl  compi-j^ea  dc  p'-insipal  wurda  hwiq 
nr  distiggwifit  from  eq  ud^r  Kj  a  difijr^ns  ov  form  not  re- 
-,:wjr.J  bj  de  ni'a,  togedjr  wid  ilustraGona  ov  de  distigcfion 
»v  fu-rm  recwjrd  bj  de  r^lz.     Wurda  separated  bj  coma? 
qr  ritn  wid  de  sam  owtljn. 

DISTIJJCZON  OF 


pU/*jnf;-paEon«s<  briti,  brjdlj-brufal,  brjdal 

fnuK,  opgra;-  pur,  par  boRo,  beri^bar,  bor 


prop  Rti,-p'(.])-,'eti;-apropria<     burd»;-pqud«,  puritan 
prep  Rn/b/'i-npn:  pri8/3>»;-propGr/J>n    Twj-t 
pro;  crfm  ;—,  ropoRjonaf  trHto>';-trart' 

proJec  -<;-p  Rjcc'-.t  (Tq»ta»i 

prcwpr  <•(  ;'";-p(§iwpecfU'  lra«'/;-*urn^;-»^Ran^  torqnt 

pnR-u<j'  ;  -oprcror  De'njo»;-a'!nLa/b» 

prt^  d  '  ,  prestx}  p"o?£d;-pani.fjd    (\tR\50n:-t\'jrpfm 
pqrLR;  -^i.-nlj-pqR/,  aparel         ^di^or,  <.ditO's;-f'etorl 
op  •/•;•/;/;,  op:ejoijj-p^  r/f»;-PaRijo«     de.?o!  •/ 
pali»«d          .     admiais^rt^ 

iiiH^-v,  dainn>i/«'n;-diminu/'"l»; 
admoni/o» 


i'i*,  scwoJ:ti;-giLti;-cowt    diviae/'^'j-de/'iui/) 


t-'c/',  God'';-}I  d 
go  r  i  en  ;—  g  •  nd  i  .  •  w 


Fjtc.il;-fizic  i/  ;do/atms:-dc  et  Riu-v;- 

fe'lsiti;-?  i.viti  8<JtUa4i;- 

frma'  ;-f;iuiii>i  .nLv 

fe5o:f;-viL^w:-fi'ii»:tropist  SutuR  'a;- 

ferj;-f  -Riusi-FaRise  ti^ 

f^rm,  franij-ferrm,  f  ^rm;-fosuni      estqrwi- 

b/  spirit1,  spred2; 

/"on1,  voli/on         *ta 


Re'/;-RJt,  red;-arjt  Men;-Wime«;-meni 

r,  ci:dor;-errd;r, 


com'oiiwe«'t;-iiff/'t;"s 
unhei.ti 


tiff,1  left,2  luvd;-Leviti,  elevatj-altTiat 
tfd,1  lnd,!  led,2  old,2  lad,3  lowdd;- 
r,  ladi3,  alowd8 

/  i.  i  de/"i-.!$t;-un'<'ef;;/^:-iu  fiii 

amiah/i-Humb' 
er,  mazesj-mii'is,  i^isus     ia.dioajon-t~ladvi^/oa 


LESN  23.     c7; 


f 


\  17.  Strocs  for  «?,  y,  and  fe,  qrmoit  y\isrul  f<.r 
i.ams  and  uncomon  wu-da;  but  d^r  ^r  sura  comoii 
?<fr  hwiqda  ma  be  yi^d;  and  dea  wll  be  fo-.vnd  in  3e 
.•ist,  hwiq  compri-tea,  aa  fq,r  as  j,  hav  bin  abl  -.u  fcolec' 
^e  prinsi^al  wurdg  tu  be  ritn  wid  de«  sirocs: 


•J 
3 

hwj,  wm 
evqr,  evqri.  wo,  wa 
awa 

itapnav,  hj,  hi; 
iirp<rrtant,  ha,  hx» 
bo,  ahc; 

peculyor,  3 
elrc-li,  ya 
Icirj,  doltir 

l 

VJ 

3 

wjd,  wud,  hwjt- 
wat,  wet,  wad,  we*l 
awat,  wot 

h[t,  hjd,  hid,  hit, 
hat,  tied,  hut 
ahed.  hat,  hot 

htd 

yot 

1 

wuia,  hwj  it 
wjz,  wae,  Wo* 

his,  huz 
impox.  Han,  hoe 
imposibl,  how» 

ru- 

1 
'2 

wist,  hwj  it  it 
waat,  west 

hjeat,  hist,  he-yst 
impost,  hast,  hctt 
howzd 

^    . 

1     win,  win,  wen 

impqn 

f    wan,  wen 

ben,  hon 

,1    won 

I     wlnl,  wjnd,  wmnd 

hint,  hind 

?    went,  wo  unto 

hand,  hunt 

3    warnt,  wownd,  wond 

bunt,  hownd 

ywr 


yond 

Wtp,  wjp,  wepn,  web,  wedig,  wedloc.  woe;,  wee,  weciief,  wk, 
A  iced,  wac,  woe,  awac,  awoc,  wig,  Hwig,  wag.  wagon,  wjt,  wn- 
fijr,  wetqr,  wave,r,  \veAe,r,  wisp,  wosp,  wiz'dom,  hwisc,  hwisoi,- 
wiaard,  hwisl,  wjr,  wtri,  wuri,  waward,  worant,  woran'i,  w«rl, 
wilo,  wala,  wul,  wulen,  Waland,  wimen,  wuman.  hwin  wi  id  ,  - 
Wengda,  wia;r,  swa.  swep,  swuip.  iwap,  kSwtd,  •wul,  Swi-,- 
swel,  swolo,  swel^r,  swim,  swjn1,  swtun1,  swan2,  Mwon1,  ^wiij,- 
ralwa,  $owa,  Ohj®,  wacs,  wagqri,  swar,  swor.  wiAjr,  hwidtir.- 
wgld,  wjl.  wilt,  wjld,  sword,  sworn,  wenj,  wins,  ^aij.  ejwi-,~ 


Yoc,  yestqrla,  ojrqr,  yor,  yaro,  yard,  yam,  yoman,  y»: 
yqrn,  yon'lsr,  yunec,  yanuc,  J'agcs,  bcryont. 


Hjbrid,  hobl,  •  ffti,  hatred,  hjdrant,  hig,  ha$,  hcj,  hjjei:;,  K  .e,- 
hac,  h<rc,  hag,  hog,  hngarfl,  hagl,  heftjr,  hovel,  het.  has-n,  hn^Qj- 
He/an,  liari.  hoari,  hord,  haras,  harag,  hjli1,  hil,  htl:,  hal-.  hel*, 
holi2,  hoi,  holo1,  hwl8,  hum.  ham,  huni,  hiaj,  heiw,  h»n,  hm,- 
hjwa,  an[hilat,  bshjnd.  hsp,  hip,  hop,  Hsbru,  htt.  huit,  hud,- 
huj,  Hejira,  hicori,  hacni,  h'  gihe<l,  huf,  hevi,  hevi<jr,  hsden,- 
kotbed,  hotliows,  haroc,  hueq,  h[r,  hi^r,  hero,  hrroic,  btroin,- 
hqrp,  horid,  horor,  hurican,  hqrm,  hermit,  h^rn.  liilt,  hemp,- 
hump-  humbl,  h»^militi,  homaj,  hamoc,  haragr,  hiin^,  hvmg<jr,  ab- 
h<rr,  abhor^ns,  adhgr,  cohrr,  iuhsr,  behed,  bthuif,  bthmv,  bfhirr 
JtMuvu,  iaiml,  bo-yhu'l,  q^ldhud,  manhud. 

118.  In  rjti^  de  foloig  wurda,  de  w  y  and  k  Hu<i  b« 
wmited,  bgi^  ritn  bide  dot  or  dafi  in 


Ward,  ware,  wurt,  wel,  fetwjr,  incwjr,  incwiri,  scW^r,  scWjr,- 
etcwjr,  recweit,  widiu,  widowt,,,bj?rurd,  wurdi,  war,  awar,  wil.- 
fiwar,  hwarag,  hwedqr,  ware,  \v"uj»t,  bewar,  w<rrru,  wwrn.  cwjt^- 
»elecwat,  acwiea,  tcwiesqns,  swift,  dwvi'f,  Jwtjrlwiud,  twelv. 

Yes,  j-mt,  yuj,  Yurcp,  yunit,  yunjt,  junited. 

Hop,  hapi,  hapines,  hapn,  liipocrit,  li|potetiii,  habit,  lialntafon, 
had,  hiiv,  hat,  hqf,  histdri,  heaitat,  htr,  h^rd,  help,  humbug,  hq- 
m  in,  perhaps,  behav,  behavyor,  hevn,  hitfqr,  hi<lqfto,  hqrf,  hotfl, 
hir'i,  hqrd,  hcirdi,  hqrc,  ii^rcfi,  hoi,  holi,  behqf.  haa,  helt. 

I-.'.  A  list  ov  wurde  ritn  wM  de  w  hue  wil  bs  givn  in  dt  nec«t 
.lean,  xad  udqrz  iu  dt  lesn  foleig. 

//I    3e  foloig  wurdz  ma  be  ritn  wid  At.  r'r  stroc: — 
Evqr,  ev^ri,  disev^r,  destvqr,  covqr,    discover,  favor,  Sayior,- 
fivijr,  /avqr,  Juv^r,  morov^r,  nev^r,  hwotevqr,  hwotsoev<jr.  hov>- 
•^v^r,    howsoever,   fwrevqr,  hmevqr,  hmsraev^r,   hware'.  qr,  hwjtr- 
•oevqr,  hwenevqr,  slavqri,  p^rsever. 

3t  foloiq  wurdz  ma  bs  ritn  wid  dt  /  hue: — 
Trovqr,  drjv^r,  dror^r,  djvqr. 
r.'In  At, foloig  wurda  dt  r  hnc  mfl  bs  riin: — 
'•'  Wtvqr,1  ovgr,2  wavqr,a  a-v^r,3  Itovqr,8  bsvqr,  be!>BTVor,  brirr^r, 
pre«'jrvqr,  obzqrvqr,  cwivqr,  dtv^r,  cloy^r,  clever,   givqr,  ftr^r,- 
•••avor,  seTqr,  riv^r,  levqr,  luvqr,  bravqri,  V^IQU,  jvori. 

SB  downward  r  ma  be  yu«'J  ter  'stver'  and  'r  stv^r;'  and  dt  up 
ward  R  f»r  'sovran,'  tu  disting-wij  it  from  'swan.' 

If.     3e  Jr  stroc  ma  bs  yuzd  in  de  foloig  warde: — 
OTredi.  pilar,  polar,  peculyar,  p^rpendic»Uar,  b<rylqr,  tilqr,  talor, 
•tel^r,  tabular,  tubular,  dtlqr,  dwelqr,  dulqr,  d^lar,  stelar,  July, 
jocular,  culor,  colar.  ocular,  globular,  salor,  »olar.,  «imilar,Jiec- 
^lor,  lelvUar,  ftl^r,  Talor,  rtilqr,  rol^r,  oracujar,  Ic^rj, 


90  trmXOPHOWOORAPHl*. 


lor,  aniilar,  Iqrn,  lun;,  Q»ndl<jr,  propel^r,  Brnwl^r,  carolri,  «impl<». 
selar,  gel^r,  pedlqr,  brwlqr,  torl^r,  tatl^r,  juel«jr,  nalqr,  ttrel^r. 

3s  Lr  caractqr  ma  be  yiud  in  de  foloig  wurde:  — 

Familyar,  lord,  Iqrd^r,  lure,  Iqrva. 

u  indtcats  a  wurd  derjrd  from  wvm  wid  a  fjnal  vowel;  M, 

Folo^r,  holier,  dedliqr,  joliqr.  melo^r,  homier,  loy. 

fh.    3s  mp  stroc  ma  bs  yuz^  in  de  foloig  wurdz:  — 

Important,  impnnv,  imposibl.  impertinent,  impius,  impot,  »m- 
pjeti,  imput,  imped,  impudent,  import,  import,  impasir,  irapo*- 
(V,  impafibl,  irnpar,  empower,  impuR.  empjr,  impf;.  impel,  im- 
poll,  impost,  impun,  impuniti,  pump,  plump,  bump,  tempera^iu, 
temper,  tamper,  temp^rans,  trumpet,  trampl,  damp,  dnmplig, 
Campion,  jump,  camp,  cramp,  clamp,  compromje.  campau,  eg- 
•ompl,  tump,  stamp,  simpl,  sampl,  Jampan,  limp,  limpid,  lump, 
bunp,  imperial. 

Ha  be,  ambiguus,  ambig^iti,  ambi/us.  ambi/oo,  cinbe>.l. 

Sum  ov  de  abuv  wardz  ma  be  ritn  \>\  ds  mp  hue.     (Lew  '2t.) 

3s  ward  'ampl'  ma  be  ritn  wid  dt  I  hue,  tu  distiggwi/  from  hi, 
hwig  reprczents  several  wurdz. 


Ecstrtit.  —  No  mel,  no  mil.  Luv  me,  luv  mj  <log.  Ctp 
4j  {op,  and  AI  /op  wil  cepde.  Muni  macs  At  mar  go.  Az  yiu  so, 
16  Jal  yui  rep.  Buti  d[z  cwicli.  Emti  yesek  mac  dt  must  ncrye. 
Notiq  cum?  owt  or  de  sac  but  hwot  woz  put  in  it.  3.t  nam  ov  dt 
wiced  /al  rot.  Mac  a  vtjrgu.  ov  nesesiti.  Enitirj  tor  a  cwjet  Ijf. 
ETqri  dog  haz-liii  da:  ev^ri  Jac  hae  hia  Jil.  Giv  a  dog  an  U 
nam  and  hag  him.  Giv  a  rog  rop  enuf  »nd  hg  wil  hag  himself. 
Horn  it  hom,  do  it  be  ev^r  so  liomli.  Ci-ig  goz  bj  favor. 


119.  It  it  dezirabl  flat  de  itiidgnt  fiud  now  l$rn  tu 
wUtdrtr  hiz  atenfion  from  de  caractera  he  i^  fcrrmig.  and 
at  end  mor  to.de  laggwaj  and  jdea?.:  for  oldo  it  i?  absoli;tl< 
M«u£al  in  l^ruirj  fonografi,  tu  noti»  dc  sliest  mofion  «*r 


ITBHOPHONOGBArHIk.  9) 

4a  pensil  or  At  pen,  yet  fonografi  can  nevqr  be  se,rvisabl 
Hwjl  it  recwirc  dat  atenfion.  »£  wud  recomend  de  foloij 
modz  ov  practis.  tu  be  simultaneusli  folod,  evqribir)  dat  ia 
ritn  in  ed^r  mod  tu  be  invariabli  red  ovqr  c^rfuli  on  a 
•ubsecwtjnt  da.  [383—392.] 

1.  Rjt  from  a  redejr  err  slo  public  spee^r,  yii?ig  &~]»er. 
•il,  and  rjtig  rapidli,  but  not  cqrlesli.  .-.   • 

2.  Procur  a  blanc  buc,  and    copi  into  it  dali,  iiq,f  Q 
paj,  selected  wid  c^r,  err,  bet$rstil;  condens  into  hq,f*a  paJ 
tte  substans  ov  a  Icrgggrcirticl,  err,  best  ov  erl,  rjt  an  orijin- 
al  esa  ov  dat  legb,  rjtig  sloli  and  c^rfuli  wid  a  fierrt-nibd 
pen 


LESNU.     [185-7,  18&-191.]     Vitr  HUM. 

120.  At  de  end  or  Pqrt  2  wil  be  fownd  an  engravd  paj 
ov  iliKi-raRonz  ov  de  hues  and  xifyr  abreviafionz  yet  tu  be 
fcsplai  d.  reffjrig  to  dig  and  foloig  secfions,  and  acompanid 
J'i  .1     »-.     2e8  ilustrafions  fiud  be  studid  in  conecfion  wid 
de  corespondig  instrucfionB  ;  and   it  wil  be  unnesesari  tu 
mac  repeted  spefial  ref^rensez  to  dem. 

In  dis  and  in  fnt\ir  lesna,  j  fial  endevor  tu  giv  in  mi  il- 
ustrafiong,  in  most  caseg.  o-l  de  prinsipal  wurd<;  and  frazea 
or  pq  r.las.  But  hwen  dis  sema  unesesari,  j  fial  giv  a  fty 
egsjompli-,  Mid  ad  a  -j-  tu  indicat  dat  a  lq,rj  number  ov 
tid^jr  wurdss  or  fraze?.  ma  be  ritn  in  Ijc  man^r. 

121.  An  enlqjjd  i-huc  upon  de  strat  stems  rfipreeentu 
v  imediatli  foloig  de  consonant;  aa, 


cw1     ecwal,  ecwoliti  cwv1 

cw'     cwesQon  cwCon*     ecwafion 

,c\v*     cwoliti,  cwolifj  cwEon1     cwolificafion 

Twin,  twjn,  twan  twjs.  twist.  t\vi^.  twjljt,  cwgn,  acwant,- 
•cwoniiuiti,  cwibl,  cweta,  cwic,  cwac.  cwac,  cwacqri,  cwicsotic,- 
owicqr,  cwacqr,  cwivgr,  cwavqr,  cwo/,  ewer,  cu'tri,  cwori,  cwo- 
rel,  cwot,  cwil,  cwal.  cwel,  cwenq.  tocweit,  incwest,  scwff,  icwtc; 
«cw£2,  FCWO/,  «cw<fl,  twig.  twaq.  cwcst,  cwjr,  a<:wjr,  acwizi/onf- 
cewip,  cwjet,  ec\vi!i.  acwit,  acweus.  cwaf,  cwazj,  cwrn,  gwqno,- 
bsw'ig,  dwel,  ilwclin,  sfcwel,  licwid,  logwud.  icwator. 

122.  An  e"nlq,rjd  r-huc  upon  dc  strat  strocs,  and  an  9$- 
Iqrjd  hue  u{  on  dc  curvz,  ecseptig  de  horieontal  curvi,  r*p 
resents  y  imediatli  foloig  de  consonant:  as, 

I>m  yui,  liav  yui,  wil  yui,  hop  yui,  <\r  yui:-f- 

3t  y-huc  ma  b»  aded  bj  Ijs^ns  to  n.  ferr  'in  yoor. ' 

123.  Q  Iqrj  fjnal  rjt  hue  upon  a  strat  stem,  represent* 
fr,  dr,  crrdr:  ae, 

bfr     betyr  gfr     togedi;r  air     radtjr 

Bitqr,  butqr,  batqr,  pictur,  brud.qr,  d(?tqr,  depqrtur,  captur,  cre- 
tur,  cuitur,  gadqr,  glitqr,  fr^ctur,  sept^r,  itructur,  rapUir,  Rit^r.- 
manufactur,  leotV:  scatqr,  tcwator,  bac  wcrt^r.  »lac  w«rt  r. 

At  dar.  had  dar,  can  dar,  until  dar,  bj  dar,  b»  dar,  hwic,  dar,- 
ar  dar.  giv  dar:  -;- 

124-     Hweq  de  smerl  hue  iz  included  in  a  s^rcl,  di  lq.tf 
Hue  ma  be  mad  aa  smc?l  02  practicabl:  az, 
Mauufacturz,  .brudera.  dctjre,  glit^rz,  s«d-yu»:-f- 

125.  G.'  legbnd  r-huc  upon  a  strat  stem  reprezonts  rfy 
»nd  a  legbnd  Z-huc  rdprezentS'ir/  de  skied'/  or  r  foloig dk' 
towel  of te,r  de  stem;  M^ 


l,.  tsajtoral,  -wrfrpwralv  vertebral,  liberal,  liberal  i,  barel;- 
triol,  coitrol,  paitoral^  gnturaV,  hutral,  cruel,  crcrl,  gvl>  mongrel, 
macqrcl,  integral. 

Plae/,   blur,   tele.r,  (illy,  tolqrab^  tole,ra,foa,  deplor,  decla- 
decJara/on,  ckr,  ocular,  clarify  secular,  scblar,  gTar,  bncltjr,  tot- 
l?r,  jocular,  juglqr,  jugular,  straglqr,  sqrcular,  smuglqr,  errjculor. 

126.  Legbnig    a  fjnal  n  err  /  hue  upon  a  strat  Bt««, 
aficsez  1:  aa,  — 

Psnal,  panel,  empanel,  tunel,  qanel,  cenel,  canal,  spanel,  cnr- 
nel,  spjflal,  Jftrnal,  trjbunal,  diagonal,doctriaal,  orijinal,  etqrnal,- 
iut^mal  ecstqrnal,  paternal,  maternal,  fraternal,  signal,  Danjrel,- 
ooloniol,  eronoloji,  tecnoloji.  jenealoji. 

Bevel,  bafl,  devl,  »cufl,  apruival,  gravel,  revel,  ravel,  rjfl,  rafl,-" 
rufl.  rjval,  trjfl,  trivial,  travel,  st[fl,  drivl,  grovel;  hopful,  wac- 
ful,  dutiful,  jeryful,  earful,  scilful,  (jsrful,  bowntiful,  plemiful,- 
respcctful,  wundqrful. 

127.  An  initial   hue,  presedhj  a  stjrcl,  loop,  <rr  anud^r 
hue.  ecspreses  n;  &z, 

Instruct,  instrument,  iuspjr,  iasp[ra/on,  iuscrib,  iuscnitahl,  un- 
lorupuUis.  iaseparabi. 

Insolvent,  unsemli,  insult,  insolent,  insolqns,  insqr.  insist,  inso- 
muq,  ii>.sulat,  insureofon,  ensiclopcdw,  unsetld,  unsolisited. 

Inititut,  instifujfon,  instil,  initfrl,  iostint,  instep. 

In'lelrbl,  ini/al,  unqaritabl,  iuflam,  inflat,  inflict,  iuflecsibl. 

128.  (I  fjnal   hue,  foloig  a  8$rcl  or  a  la>p,  ecspreseft 
(Ron.1  ag, 

Poti/on,  compensa/on,  aup^rsti/on,  desijon,  condensa/oo,  acwi* 
^Jou,1  aousa/on.1  ac»e/on,2  ilustra/un:  -f 


Bj  Us^ns  it  ma  be  yxizd  for  ov,  or  n:  [312:]  «t, 
Complang  ov,  burst  ov,  stjrcumstansea  ov,  qbus  ov,  tell  OT;  +- 
'W«st<rn,  snwtatqrn,  coit  jrou. 


129.     Qsmtrl  hue  onde  insjd  or  cilqrj  hue  me  b« 
f<rr  71,"  and  sumtimz  fcrr  /:  az, 

Diu  \ft  not,  did  WE  not,  had  we  not,  can  ws  not,  o.r  we  not:  4 
Dui  yui  not.  can  ytu  not,  bar  ym  not,  wi]  yui  not,  <\r  yui  not, 

ilid  yui  not.  had  yiu  not.  rtia  yui  not;+ 

Bj  dar  on,  dm  dar  on,  at  4ar  on,  rud(jr  dun,  ptit$r&:4- 
Pro^ijounl,  profe/onal,  ndi/oual,  coadifoaal.  confe/oaal,  najoaal, 

tradi/onal,    oongregfljoaal,   proporjonal,  constitq/onal,  fricjonal,- 

jatcnjoiial,  fa/oual. 

if/.  2nr  i'.  a  fonetic  iiiconsist^nsi  in  de  yu»  ov  At  hues  for  tr 
vad  y  bj  MT  Munin,  dat  w  and  r  Jud  corespond,  and  y  and  ;; 
h»vara?.  he  ha?,  rev^rst  dem,  iu  ard^r  tu  obtan  grater  faiiliti  iu 
riti^).  But  dt  adrantaj  iz  so  grat.  espe/ali  iu  reportig  tettimoui. 
4at  j  adopt  de  hues  az  givn  bj  MT  \"'un»n;  ecscpti^j  'dut  rev.;rpLg 
€e  fonografs  fwr  _/>  ^-s  enable  ni£  tu  ecstend  At  yiy  ov  At  y  hue 
to  most  ov  At  curve. 


LJSSN  25.     B»e  Hues,  and  Owlsid  lluet. 

130.  Q   f^rat  plas  curv  dafi  ma  bt  jtrynd  to  de  gtro« 
hwiq  it  presedz;  a«, 

Wit.  witi,  wido.  wed.  wir;. 

131.  Bj  Ijstjns.  udqr  curv  dafiez  ma  tmmtima  be  jtrynd 
fo  a  presedig  err  foloig  stroc:  as, 

Wej,  waj,  wajee,  wajqr,  w«rc,  Yat«,  nu,  contiou. 

132.  Q  curv  dafi  jerynd  at  rjt  aggla  wid  de  stem,  aa  in 
<ts  frazez — ye-doo,    wud-go,  ye-h»v,  hwot-^r. — \x  celd  1 
bac  hue.     Q  hue  plast  owtsjd  ov  a  curv,  as  In  d»  frt^o 
yoo-hav,  wa-qr,— la  Owld  an  owtsjd  hue. 


35 

133.  Q  left  initial  bac  hue,  (corespondig  wid  de  r  hue 
dpon  de  strat  strocs,)  reprezents  r  presedig  de  consonant:  W 

Republic,  rtcapitulat,  rectitud,  remnant 

134.  Legbnd  it  reprezents  olso  r  foloig,    and  enlq,rjd  ii 
reprezents  I  foloig  de  consonant;  az, 

R«produs,  reproc,,  reprwf,  rcprcs,  reprimand,  reprehentiibl;  re- 
treT,  retren^,  return,  retras,  rccrta/on,  recrimiaa/on,  recur,  rigor, 
rigorus,  rttrose/on,  retrosed,  retrograd,  retract. 

Kubl,  rebel,  rebelyoa,  rigl,  ratl,  repulsiv,  ripl.  rirll.  repleni;',- 
reclamajoa. 

135.  Q  rjt  inifial  bac  hue  reprewnts  /  presedig  de  con- 

:  legftnd,  it  reprezents  olso   r  foloig,  and  enlqrjd,  .1' 

de  consonant:  az, 
Lacouic,  eliptical,  lament.  Inn,  Ijm,  1mm.  laui,  lam.  Tam^limH, 
litnfatic,  Iqmiuus.  lignum- vjte. 

I^abor,  libqrti,  liberal,  lib^raliti,  lubricat 
Liabl,  label,  labial. 

136.  Q   left  fjnal  bac  hue,  (corespondig  wid  de  n  hue 
upon  de  itrat  strocs  )  represents  tic:  legbnd  it  represent? 
ttiv,  and    enlqrjd  it  repreaente  Itiv.     From   de  200  trr  3QO 
wurda  hwiq  ma  be  ritn  wid  dee  hues  i  select  de  fo'oig.  ilu'- 
trafiona: 

N  gativ,  iiitqrogativ,  prtrogativ,  purgaliv,  t<rcati^,  ztnott^, 
Rctiv,  efectiv,  defectiv,  electiv,  reflectiv,  colectiy,  protectiv,  ja- 
vectiv,  respectiv,  irespectiv,  prospectiv,  pqrspectiv,  Tju'lictiv,  in- 
•tructiv,  destructiv,  consecutiv,  ecsecutiv,  fujitir,  captiv,  desep- 
tiv,  eonromtiv,  furtiv,  dcrivativ.  primitiv.  definitiv,  resitattv. 

Preparatir,  comparativ,  delibqrativ.  opgrativ,  fignrstiv,  inipera- 
tiT,  narativ,  curativ,  coopi;ratiT,  abffrtiv. 

Spcculativ,  aWatiVj  relativ,  corelativ,  contcmplativ. 


137.  Q  rjt  fjnal  bac  hue  reprezents  mp,  m  m&:  len.bnd 
it  reprezents  mpr,  and  enlqrjd  it  repreaents  mpl:  aa, 

Pump,  pomp,  plump,  bump,  damp,  tnimp,  trumpet,  tramp,- 
jump,  camp,  cramp,  clamp,  tump,  stamp,  stump,  limp,  limpid,- 
lump,  lamp. 

Pamper,  bumper,  temper,  tamper,  timber,  distemper,  temp^r- 
«QUr,  tempqrani,  qambijr,  lumber,  slumbqr,  September,  Novem 
hv.  De§emb<}r,  compromjz,  combqr,  cucumber,  limber,  hamper, 
hwimp^r,  scamper. 

Pimpl,  brambl,  preambl,  tempi,  tumbl,  trenibl,  tramp!,  jumbl, 
•erambl,  rambl,  rumbl,  timbl,  asembl,  nimbi,  humbl,  mumbl,- 
rtambl,  erambl,  grumbl,  dimpl,  crumpl,  gambl. 

138.  GL  smo-1  ;huc  widin  de  rjt  fjnal  Iqrj  hue  tdz  r:  az^ 

Templar,  tumbler,  rambler,  grumblqr,  humbler,  nimbler,  gam- 
blqr, 

it*    Unpromisii)  aa  dis  hue  apsra,  j  haT  had  ocajoa    tu  rit  it 
i  fjv  miauts  f<rr  tu  owrz~  ia  sucse/on,  and  evn  for  tjuu  in  a 
cwes^on,  sins  At  abnv  woi  ia  tjp. 

139.  Q  .•  merl  hue  foloig  a  bac  hue  reprezents  n :  ait, 
Campion,  campan,  /ampan,  rampant. 

140.  fit  bac  hue  recwjr?  aa  mnq  t jn»  »a  a  convenj^nt 

stroc;  and  iz  onli  ad vantajusli  employd,  hwen  it  replane? 
an  ecward  ferm,  hwen  it  furniUes  u  distijctir  ferm  '•avij 
vocalization,  er  hwen  rte  remanig  sceleton  iz  sufifiijutli  l«j- 
U>1,  in  hwiq  casit  ma  be  omited:  aa, 

¥rotectiv,  defectir,  distiijctiv,  egeeontiv,  viadictiy,  imtractiv: — 
delib<jrativ,  figurativ,  imp^rativ; — speculatiy:-4- 

141.  An  owtsjd   ioiEal  hue  represents  w-  prwedig  d» 
consonant:  lenbnd  it  reprezents  olso  r  foloig,  and  enlqrjd. 
It  reprazents  I  foloig  de  consonant:  aa, 


91 


Wjf,  waf.  wtV,  wav,  wo/,  wkr,  witrhow^  werrbl,  w«rrd:  v. 
t»»rp.  warm,  wwrni,  w<rrn,  hw«rrf,  hwel,  hwim,  liwm,  wan.  *ou. 
win<9,  vrintqr,    wonton,  wonder,  welt,  win,  wiqc. 

Wafqr,  wevqr,  wavqr. 

Huifl.  wsvl,  wetl. 

142.  An  owt*jd  fjnal  hue  repreeents  '-nb'on:'  leg  fend, 
*-nfion-r:'  and  enlqrjd,  '-nfion-1:'   az, 

Men/on,  man/ou,  djinen/on,  conven/on^  asenjou.  prcven/ou, 
ven/oa,  iut<jrTcn/on. 
CouTen/on  qr. 
Conven/oual.  Conven/on  wil. 

143.  $  belevdat  fonografi  ma  now  be  sed  tu  be  ClfuM 
Luct."     (Se  Qmerican  Reporter  for  J\in  1852.)     But  d« 
bac  hues  and  owtsjd  hues  can  onli  be  advantaju8!if,eir- 

for  particular  wurda  and  fraaez  hwiq  ma  recwjr  a 
ffr  a  mor  distigctiv  fcrrm- 

//.  i  wi/  tu  provjrt  «v^ri  aralabl  f<rrm  wid  inm  significa/on, 
^vn  if  it  can  be  yusfuli  empl<ryd  but  for  a  »iggl  wurd;  pres^rT- 
15  &t  muQ  az  poaibl  an  analoji  betwen  At  dif^r^nt  ru^i  IETJJJ  it  to 
tft  f\i(jur  tu  substitiit,  hwarevijr  it  ia  practicabl,  rule  hwi^  can  b« 
mor  ecstensivii  er  mor  redili  yu^.d. 


.     [201—210,313.]     Dttbl  Isyl  Stroes. 

144.     Dublig  tit  lenb  ov   a  ful  lenb  carv  ecapreses  4« 
adifion  ov  dr.  /r,  vr  dr.     (8a  not  wf  paj  44.) 

Jtyzamplf.  Mat^r,  «ttty,  let^r,  wwt^r,  flat^r,  modern,  icntiir.- 
r,  l*t<r,  mtrtqr,  tlcrtqr.  filter,  folt-r,  hutqr,  lqft<jr.  swtty,- 
r,  mdvrntur,  t>urti;r,  iimetrkol,  djametqr,  t^rmoujetftr,  bj 


98  •TBXOPHOlfQQBAPHBB. 

4romet$r,  wyit^r,  vot^r,  Jelt^r,  /ud^r,  tund^r,  hid^r.  didqr, 
r,  ludqrn,  nerrdQtn:+ 


LESN  27.     Jvyniy  wiiotct  in 

145.  In  meni  cases  yxisful  contraction;*  qr  ferrmd  bj 
je-ynig  bj  lise,ns   widowt   an  aggl,    hw^r  de  fcrrm 

ia   ambignus.     flez   contracfionz  qr  onli  tu  be  yi 

da  wil  not  conflict  wid  de  regular  signification  ov  de  carac- 

IfHt 

146.  3e  w  and  y  dafieg  ma  b«  jerynd  widowt  an  ant;!, 
on  dc  owtsjd  ov  curva:  and  de  w1  dafi  ma  be  jerynd  to  R: 
MB, 

We  ma,  wit  regqrd  to,  yvu  tigc,  ytn  no:4- 
W»  qr,  wid  refqrqns  to,  wid  respect  to:-h 

147.  Q  dafi,  strat  er  curvd,  ma  be  jffynd  to  de  dot  f.rr 
'ig,'  practical!  beig  substituted  fer  it;  K,  in  de  fra?,e?, — gw- 
19  tu,  macig  a,  beginig  de;  pasig  brcn,  arjgig  from,  findij 
dar,  agreig  wid,  statig  hwot. 

In  Ijc  man^r,  a  dafi,  atrat  <rr  curvd,  ma  be  submitted 
for  de  prefici  'com,'  de  dafi  retanig  its  on  pozih'on;  a?  in 
de  frazez — w«  consider,  yoo  complan. 

148.  Second  and  fegrd  plas  dafiea  ma  be  jerynd  widow! 
«n  aggl  to  an  incljnd  or  perpendicular  stroc,  beii)  indicat- 
ed bj  de  plas  OT  de  caract^r,  hwig  wil  be  loqr  dan  d«  btjrd 
plas:  ae, 

3ar  woe,  hat  wae,  OT  so,  how  dm,  OB  dem,  on  Iwi^.  [i»j  wii 

N 


99 

149.  TH  strat  dafiea,  jcrynd  widowt  an  aggl,  fcrrm  a 
hqf-legb  stroc:  aa, 

To  dar,  or  dar,  to  «rl  dar,  or  <rl  dar,  bat  dar,  <rl  dar,  to  dar  on, 
ov  dar  on. 



•****.  •    *S,1£X^ 


150.  Convqrtig  a  curv  stem  into  a  wav  Ijn,  ads  r  wid 
an  inttjrvenig  vowel    hwlq  ma  be  ecsprest  in  vocalization: 

n, 

F^r,  afar,  fqr,  ftrs,  fqrs,  furn,  fort,  flower,  sf»r,  vtr, 
Her.  arsr,  ror,  rar,  frjar,  wjr,  8wor,8Wtcr,  conrqrs,  convqrsa/dB, 
i worn,  sword; 
3a  ar,  lar; 

S[r,  sor,  sord,  tqr,  coniqrn: 
i-'tr,  /or,  Jar,  Jow^r; 

LEF.  lor,  lar,  low^r,  l^rn,  yard:  y^rn.  yQrn; 
MEr,  m[r,  hjr,  hurt,  MQre,  h^rt,  herrs,  morn 
N[qr.  iuur.  nurs. 

In  formig  de  wav  Ijn  from  de  curv,  it  is  fiertnd  to  wuu 
hqf  its  legfe,  and  de  opoait  curv  aded;  BO  dat  'fjr'  ia  not 
ganjd  in  form,  but  onli  rediist  to  wun  hq,f  its  f«rrm^r 
leijb.  'Fjrd,'  however,  wud  be  qanjd  in  ferrm;  and  de 
hevi  wav  Ijii  difqrz  from  ti;  opozit  hq,f  legb  hevi  curva  in 
h;ivi^  a  singl  swel  in  de  senior  insted  ov  ti^  swela. 

i'  hinc  dat  de  curvatiir  ov  de  wav  Ijn  fiud  bs  aa  litl  ai 
wil  be  e.<i\\i  recognjad;  so  az  tti  present  a  mqrct  distiljcEon 
from  compownd  curve. 

151.  Convgrtig  a  curv  stetn  into  a  eemisqrcl,  ada  I  wid 
ah  Jur.jfvenid  vowel  k*l(>  ma  be  (Jcsprest  in  vocaljaafion 

«o -  no  fa. 


100 

Fjl,  vjl,  vjal,  fjld,  Hal,  &lrf,  afilipjon; 
flsriil,  wjl,  wil,  wel,  w<yl,  wjld,  wdd,  fral; 
So.  wil; 
A  sal,  asald; 
Ycr],  ycl.  yeld. 

Mjl,  mal.  mod,  hd,  hil,  hel,  hcrl,  maid,  held,  miljon.  uphold,- 
hold,  held; 
Ntl,  nal,  neld,  nald. 


LESff  29.     [898—300,  317—320,  330 — 350.]     FrtzcoyrAji. 

152  tie  fqrst  wurd  or  a  fraa  muat  olwaz  be  ritn  in  it* 
on  plas,  ecseptig  in  s§rtan  spesific  casei  tu  be  heraftqr 
stated,  in  hwiq,  for  de  sac  ov  distigcfion,  de  fras  tmcs  dr 
poalBon  ov  de  second  wurd. 


Frecwnisi  ov  Ocurrns  in  30,000    Jf'urdz. 

In  rrdijr  tu  iluitrat  At  imp<rrtans  or  fraatografi,  [  hav  prep  a  nf 
fort  tabla  or  At  number  ov  tjmz  dat  i^rtan  wurdz  and  fiM^ee 
on  As  av^raj  in  30,000  wurdz. 

1.  A  tabl  derjvdfrom  dc  analigii  ov  100,000  wurd«,  selected  it> 

detac;t  por/ona  from  a  Irirj  vaqeti  or  gpsqez,  debat,  te»t- 
i,  ^-s.     Sis  tabl    embrases;  At  50  most    frscw^ntli    nx-uriy 
wurda  in  At  la^gwaj. 

2.  A  tabl  derjvd  from  an  analisis  ov  30  to  70,000  ward*,  il- 
u*tratig  At  frecw^nw  ov  ds  recur^ns  ov  les  comon  wurde. 

3.  A  tabl  derjvd  mostli   from  At  analisis  or  100,000  wurdi 
compriziq  36  OT  de  most  frecw^ntli  recuriy  frazea  in  At  langwaj. 

4.  A  tabl  dcrjvd  ^efli  from  At  analisis  ov  testimoni,  iluitrat. 
H  At  frscw^nsi  ov  As  rscur^ns  or  a  fu  l<rqs<*T  frasei. 


101 


5.  A  tabl  Joig  Ac  rclativ  frecwqnsi  ov  At  rr  cunjne  or 
wurdi  iu  twtiiaoni  and  in  sptcje*  »r  dobat.  It  U  fre«wqntli  d* 
ran  d*t  a  witne*  bay  inspected  ov  prtvarica/on  err  direct  pqrjuri> 
hit  ere-ceggamUa/on  if  conducted  vrid  ecstrsm  rapiditj,  in  At  hep 
dat  dus  ma  be  cliiited  important  facts.  hwiq,  if  tjm  wi;r  alow.1 
far  coneidqra/ou,  Af.  witnes  wud  consel.  In  iu$  case*  it  it  <rer» 
imperrtant  dat  de  reporter  Jud  be  abl  tu  tac  down  erqri  word  cr» 
'•wescjOQ  and  ansqr.  Hens  it  iz  spe/ali  important  tu  mac  provijoi 
for  diB  wurde  and  dg  veri  meni  coraon  fraeea  hwiq  da  form. 

Inipecjon  ov  dsz  tabla  vr'\\  Jo  dat  comparativli  qncomon  frti« 
<tr  aft^r  ffl  a«  imperrtant  au  meni  »ingl  wurda  hwiq  hav  bin  tert 
wurdi  ov  spe/al  abrevia/on;  suq  aa  'peculyar,  punij,  obaqrv,  doc- 
triu;'  Joiq  de  iinpertans  ov  a  muq  grater  ecsten/oa  ov  fraeeografi 
dan  woz  at  fqrst  recomended.  Inded,  fraasografi  b«ig  wun  ov  ds 
peculiaritiz  ov  fonografi,  btiij  erlmost  unnon  in  ndqr  listemi  ov 
Jortltand,  it  i«  not  surprjgig  dat  meni  ysrz  li;iv  bin  recwjrd  tu 
develop  its  capasitie  and  iti  proper  rela/on  to  wurd-rjtirj. 

3f:  dot  foloirj  a  wurd  in  Tabl  2,  indicats  dat  derivative  (y  in- 
cluded; an,  hop,  hops,  hopt,  hopirj.  But  derivativ?  in  de  tab* 
q,r  not  inclqded:  dus  'pa*'  dug  not  iuclud  'pad,'  'panwjnt,'  err  'pa- 
mqnts,'  but  onli  'pae,'  'pain,'  and  'paabl.' 

Tabl  1.     Most  Comon  Wurdz. 

4t        9179  be  308  wid  194  no  142  wud  109 

1169  ym  268  he  186  at  130  dm  101 

;u,  to  11  04  not  263  da  186  hwet  125  dem  99 

mud        399  tor  S52  hit  170  <rl  123  bin  95 

4»t        570  dis  246  o.r  169  err  117  if  93 

•i    an      566  wot  241  bj  168  mi  115  had  99 

iu          534  dar,dar231  from  1€5  on  111  wnn  88 

}            470  hav  214  but  150  upon  ill  so  81 

it          447  M  210  we  146  ht«  110  owr  80 

ia           406  bwiy  206  wil  149  cni  109  hui  78 


102 


•TBffOrHOMOOBAPHBB. 

T&bl  2.     1st  ComoH   Wurdz. 


p 

b 

protest        0  -    - 

t 

d 

up               4S 
hop-          IS 
pa-             17 
pad            14 

pretend       1 
produs-       7 
purdou        3 
practis-        9 

bar) 
oba 
abowt 
habit 

24  its 

35jtop 

2  tert 

43  dn 
14  da 
0  jdsa 

S 
38 
6 
30 

pamqnt-       3 

-cabl         5i.Dert. 

3!tjtl 

1  did' 

44 

'•a?*            I  pgrfcctli       6 
papsr-          7pqrform.   10 
pgpl           66  Jrim,          5 
populajon    lprovjd.       10 
public-       14provid(jns    j 

put-             8  provkou-     6 
peti/on-        l|prcvent       3 
peculvar     l|pros£d.        2 

P£S,  .          6lpressdent    6 
ptsful           1  pre2id(,nt  3J 

DUtl 
betqr 
bstwsn 
obtan- 
bad 
bodi 
object- 
objecjon- 
bac 
btcerg 
becum- 

°j  total 
18jtuda 

f)K  * 

'  t£C* 
3  tUQ. 

8  tacn 
20  itself 
11  testifj- 
*°  testimoni 

0  adopt 

2  adapt- 
4  depend- 
l;duti- 
55daf 
22  dowf 
6  doctrin- 
1  declar- 
5  —  a/on 
1  defsf 

2 
0 
0 
24 
3 
2 
0 
4 
.7 
3 

opozit          3 

|U«X0JCU1                  U 

prea^rv-       2 

beg 
btfor 

3|tr^ 

5'difqrqnf 

14 

pas-           18 

preaum-      6 

)?|tru 

7  defjn- 

5 

pasaj           7 

pgrsn-         1  8 

ubuv 

'ut^r* 

2  defend- 

5 

posibl-         6 

pijrsnaj        1 

bot 

6ltr£f 

20  devot- 

0 

pozes-         3 
pa  Jon-          2 
paftnt         0 
aper-            7 

p^rsnal        c 
ptjrsnali       1 
present-     32 
porjou       12 

best 
abstan 
bgsjda 
abua 

toward- 
^hatred 

9divjd- 
4  advocaf 
1  advja- 

3 
2 
6 
0 

puir             6 

permit        4 

Jba^iT- 

jgperifi- 

0  advuiis- 

2 

pur              0 

promot-      2 

iiznes 

11  det 

11 

pow§r      20 

print-         16 

bar 

tras' 

0  diii)o)<!- 

6 

perhaps       9 

aprehend    2 

31-jt 

•itregur 

I!de8titnt 

0 

purpos       1  9 

prinsipl-    25 

-ircf- 

'jt^rm- 

9  destroy 

5 

proper       9aDlj.            3 

r/rti 

'  tran- 

0  disturb- 

0 

—  I/on-         9 

political     14 

herrn 

6;tirani 

0  (Jistribut- 

0 

prepar        7 
propgr         7 
aprpra/n-    3 
propor/n     5 
probabli      4 
pqrt-          28 
pqrti'         34 
op^raf        2 
protect-      ,8 
particular  11 

plea:            2 
plas-           29 
£K>lisi           5 
plejur       13 
»lan            8 
apn-            6 
lapn            1 
pe-ynf       1  6 
JttriiJ-          0 
>enal»j        0 

abl 
belo 
obljj- 

)£1EV 

abolij 
>alans 
>jnd' 
ibandon- 
abundant 
>enefit- 

^  J£t«jmal 
j  transfer 

°toid 

*  tal^nf 
~  ateint- 
6atan- 
Jtrt 
8  atend 

1  destiui 
0|  distant 
2  'distinct 
1  2  distirjgwij- 
15  desjd- 
1  disqqrj-" 
7  discover- 
o  descrjb- 
•2  disagre- 
12  desev 

0 
2 
3 

11 
2 
0 

Q 
2 

•TIXOPHOyOOXAPHH.  103 

Tab!  3.     Most   Comon  Fraztz. 


<tr  At 

40S 

wid  de 

67 

jtinc 

43 

wil  bs 

33 

to  At 

180 

ov  dis 

61 

dar  iz 

40 

j  WOB 

33 

in  At 

158 

and  de 

61 

and  [ 

40 

to  me 

33 

itii 

112 

it  woz 

59 

dm  not 

40 

la  a,  ie  an 

31 

tu  be 

99 

idui 

57 

hav  bia 

39 

1  wil 

31 

dat  df 

80 

j  hav 

54 

ov  his 

38 

da  qr 

30 

for  dr 

80 

j  am 

52 

haz  bin 

37 

ma  be 

30 

dm  yui         70 

ov  a. 

ov 

an  50 

upon  d* 

37 

on  At 

30 

bivtr 

69 

from 

d£       44 

ie  ds 

33 

dat  is 

29 

T,i> 

5/  4.     Z 

o'flffw  Fruzez. 

[  dm  not 

54 

it  wud  bs 

9 

on  dc 

pqrt  ov 

6 

" 

no 

30 

az 

dar  ie 

9 

' 

'              de 

2 

'• 

tine 

11 

owt  ov  At, 

9 

dat  ii 

fc 

6 

AM  it 

woz 

17 

hwar  dm 

ym  • 

9 

it  ie  de 

5 

" 

i?. 

7 

it 

it  a,  it 

iz  an 

7 

j  hav 

not 

5 

wun  n 

v  d« 

15 

dar  iz  a,  dar  iz  an 

7 

dat  i 

hav 

4 

[  hav 

bin 

14 

it 

iz  not 

7 

wud  hav  bin 

5 

i  did 

not 

14 

da 

qr  not 

4 

tu  sa 

dat 

4 

da  dui  not 

11 

it 

hae  bin 

7 

ov  o\ 

de 

4 

hwot 

iz  ds 

11 

da 

hav  bin 

4 

it  ma 

> 

* 

Tab!  5.     Comparisn  o 

'•   Ti'stimoni  and  Speqez. 

'f'-.vt'ii/ri/'i 

Sptqez  7?,7/b 

Tt'stimoni  Spt^fz  Rnjb 

dm 

341 

55 

6.2 

hwot 

187 

84        2.2 

yin 

730 

151 

4.8 

no 

215 

116        1.9 

WO'. 

491 

14ft 

3.4 

dar,  dar 

337 

208         1.6 

da 

397 

131 

3.0 

wud 

187 

87        1.6 

had 

160 

59 

IT 

at 

178 

117         l.& 

104  IT  BHOPHOITOeBAFBHK. 


LESN 10.     [3O«— 313.]     Hue  Frtzecgnmz. 

159.  la  fraaeografi,  de  huca  qr  v\\z&  for  varius  wurda; 
but  d^r  q,r  f^  casea  in  hwi<>  a  fraaeograf  repreaent*  raor 
dan  wun  fraa.  It  iz  yugiiali  betqr  tu  disjeryn  frase?.  les 
frecwqntli  ocurig  dan  tu  giv  dem  forma  apTopriated  to 
ude/2.  3e  folcng  lists  qr  intended  tu  embras  erl  de  mor 
y\isful  primari  fraaea  fcrrmd  bj  de  hue,  wld  ilustrafiona  OT 
de  eecondari  fraaea. 

154.    d  §mel  hue,  inifial  91  fjnal  <rr  bob.  ma  bn  apl jd 

V»  de  d&fiea. 

165.  3e  r  hue  jenyali  repregents  lqr,'  trr  'owr.' 
To  owr,  dar  or,  OT  owr,  01  qr,  ffl  owr,  bat  qr.  but  owr: 
i  her,  how  v;  hra  ar,  »r  qr,  er  owr,  on  owr; 

tnu  owr,  in  owr,  for  owr,  from  owr,  btcerg  owr.  «nd  qr.  und  owr: 
3t  Qr,  hwiq  qr,  Jal  owr,  bj  owr. 
16C.     3e  i  hue  jenqrali  reprezents  *ol'  err  'wil  ' 
To  wl,  dar  wil,  ov  crl,  but  erl,  but  wil,  <rl  wilj  j  wil.  how  wil;- 
htu  wil,  »r  «rl,  ou  ffl,  ht  wil; 

trm  ffl,  in  frl,  for  ffl,  from  ffl,  btcffz  erl,  and  erl,  and  wil: 
It  wil,  hwig  wil,  da  wil,  bj  erl,  dm-trl,  did  erl,  had  <rl.  can  •!.— 

if  9l,  at  ffl,  eg  wil,  Js  wil.  Jal  o\. 

157.  3en  hue  jengrali  represent*  'not'  err  'on.' 
Sar  on,  bat  not;  h$r  on;  err  not,  jud  not;  and  not: 
Owr  on:  to  owr  on,  OT  owr  on;  in  owr  on,  i}-*- 

It  wud  not,   it  had  not,  da  wud  not,  da  had  not,  at  <t«r  «u.- 

fiad  dar  not,  can  dar  not,  bj  dar  on,  dm  der  on:  - 
3ar  qr  not,  bat  qr  not,  hui  qr  not,  and  qr  not: 
3ar  wil  not,  bnt  wil  not,  j  wil  not,  hi  wil  not,  hoi  nil  not,  »ni 

wil  not,  it  wil  not,  hwiq  wil  not,  da  wil  not 


•TSKOPHOKOGRATHl*.  105 

Dm  not,  did  not,  had  not,  <JT  not,  wil  not,  ma  not,  am  not. 

158.  3e  n  hue   in  combination  wid  bqvig  tu  repreieht 
id,  ma  lumtjmB  be  y\;zd  tm  not.  ae, 

Bui  not,  had  not,  can  not,  wil  not,  <v  not,  ma  not,  am  not. 

//.  Sum  uv  At.  frazez  included  in  At  previus  sec/on  hav  bin 
r.tn  und<jr  dis  rul;  but  j  prefer  d»  fcjl  leijt  formz,  ecieptiij  far 
'cannot,'  hwig  mit  bs  mistacnfor 'can' ritn  in  ful.  5e  ergzilya- 
ri  v^rbz  Qr  4us  brfft  into  grater  simetri  in  trazeografi,  ag  wil  mor 
fuli  aprr  ia  di>  ntesl  leen. 

159.  <Ce  n  hue  ma  sumtjmz  represent  'dan;'  az, 
Mar  dan,  ud^r  dan. 

But  i  prefer  in  most  cases  de  omifion  ov  de  r  in  de  com- 
parativ,  rjtin,  'dan'  in  ful;  at, 

Bet^r  dan,  ler^g^r  dan,  grater  dan,  aun^r  dan,  faster  dan:  r 

160.  3e  v  hue  jenerali  repreaents  'hav'  ar  'OT.' 
Tu  hav.  dar  har,  trl  hav,  ffl  ov,  but  hav,  butov; 

j  hay,  how  har;    hm  hav,  htn  or,  <rr  hav,  or  ov;    /ud  hav; 

and  hnv,  aad  or,  (?) 

3arfor,  howevqr. 

Sa  hay,  it  wil  hav,  hwi<;  hav,  hwi(j  wil  hav,  can  hav,  ma  hav;- 
hwj  hav:-f 

Pcirt-qv,  owt  ov,  tine  ov,  eni  ov,  no  ov,  e$  »v,  hwiq  ov,  ferr  dt 
sac  ov.  ^anj  ov,  qqrj  ov,  at  f§r«t:  + 

161.  •  3e  iniEal  hue  to  d«  curv  dafi  yHSHQli  repreiente 
'V,'  and  de  fjnal  hue  'bar;'  (?)     *z. 

Wid  owr,  ym  v,  hwot  qr. 

Wi  hav,  wud  hav,  wqr  not,  hwot  if. 

162.  *  Lqrj  hues  can  not  bt  aded  to  dedafiea,  but  ma  b» 


10* 

«ded  to  ful  or  hqf  legh  itcmz.     tie  tr  hue  ma  be  du«  yi^ed 
lu  ad  'we:'  az, 

Dm  WE,  did  we,  had  WE.  it  w?rr  at  h*rotr  »t  We,  hwi<;  we,  our 
w»,  j  sed  we:  4- 

163.    3e  y  hue  ada  <yojr  <rr  *ycor;'  and  ta  Teri  conv»n« 
f^ntin  report!)  iestima>:i:  as, 

Dm  yui,  did  ym,  bal  yui,  bi  y«,  cwr  y«,  m  yui,  hwi^  ytur-f 
At  yuir,  dm  yuir,  did  yuir,  had  yujr, 


LESN31.     [314-31&,]     Fntroynjt 

164.  Vqrbz  f rrmij  d»  past  tens  \>\  hqtig 
from  yiiaij  de  sam  fcrrm?  tu  ecspres  an  aded  ward. 

165.  tie.  t  trt  d  aded  bj  hqtig  m«  reprwent  'it,'   'tia/ 
'wud,'  'did,'  -had,'  <yr  'hwot;'  as, 

If  it,  til  it,  hwiq  it,  tae  it,  mac  it,  »t  it,  woe  it-  be  ir.-f 

3;  tu,  ur  tu,  abl  tu,  led  tii:+ 

It  wud,  hwiq  wud,  da  wud,  <tar  wud:4- 

It  did,  hwi(j  did,  4fl  did,  dxr  did:-f 

Had  had,  it  had,  hwig  had,  da  had:+ 

Sombwot. 

166.  (I  hue  ma  sum'ims  be  a^ed  ireg^larli  aft^r  a  h^f 
1*9  b  stroc,  for  'hav,'  lo?,'  »r  'not;'  M, 

It   wud  Imv;  crt  tu  hav;  lasted  or;  it  wad  not,  it  did  not,  if 
had  not,  da  wud  not,  dar  wud  not,  ym  feed  yui  wud  not:4- 

167.  Hwen  a   frae    is  f«rrmd    bj    hqri j  tu  ad  'wvid,*" 
'did,'  err  'had/  4e  fra?  «acs  dfe  pozifion  or  d»  r^rb;  ae. 

It  wud1,  it  did1,  it  had'. 

In  dr.  sam  manqr  ma  be  hqvd, — 'hwi^,'  'da/  'flti,'  ac< 
»nd  de  A  u>  and  .y  atrocs,  fiyr  'he,'  'w*,'  Mid  'ypf 


*r  'yap  «t»o,  dr  for  'd^r,*  and  <J«  fraet  'yo»  led 


168.     «!•  foloij  frtaez  qr  aranjd  upon  da  tarn  printipl  :— 

1  .  j  dco         K  d^r  do>        hwot  dco  yo>        ha*  de 

2  i  did        a?  da.r  did        hwot  did  yo>        har  it 

3  i  had        a?  da  r  had        hwot  had  yo>        har  had 
l€9     9*  n-buc  ma  to  aded  iregqlarH  te  eg  at  de  aba* 

h***.  (§167-8,)  tu  ad  'not;'  at, 

It  wud  not1,  it  did  not1,  it  had  not'. 
190.     3e  r-huc  ma  be  aded  to  de  sam  fraea  tu  »d 
•hav;'  «yr,  in  de  3d  plas,  bj  Ijs^ns,  'had;'  as, 

It  wud  hav1,  it  did  havf,  it  had  had*. 

171.  Hqyi$  ma  olso  rtpretent  'dt;'  at, 

Be  de,  dui  de,  har  de,  had  dt,  at  dt,  if  ie,  owt  ov  de,  tine  d»:> 

1 72.  3)t  hqf  lenb  5  wil  leldom  be  recwjrd  for  nt,  qd. 
err  n-<le;  and  hens  j  apropriat  it  olao  to  n-de  in  de  f  a?e»— 

1     in  de  2    and  de  I    on  da 

IB 715  de  dafi  tu  represent  'in;'  az  in  de  fra«ea— 

In  a,  in  owr,  in  erl,  in  hie,  in  him,  in  dii,  in  dat:+ 

ISSN  32.     [301-5-1     Vter  Frtxta^amz. 

173.  8e  s^rcl  °  raprezentt  'iz,'  'hit/  'ai,'  chaz,'  apd 
uunitimz  'us'  and  'ae;'  at, 

It  ie,  it  hat,  if  hie,  if  he  ie,  if  be  haz.  hwot  u,  hwiq  \zt  dat  \t, 
dii  ie,  dar  ie,  he  iz,  on  hiz,  and  ie,  from  hit,  hiu  \i,  hwen  ••<.»- 

At  raeni  ae,  ae  tun  ae,  ae  ma$  ae,  ae  fi^r  at,  a*  fait  aa,  a.-.  J»« 
at,  ae  cwic  ae,  ae  Iqrj  ae,  ae  wel  at,  ae  hi  ae,  at  if,  na  ytn;+ 


108  tT 

Hae  bin,  haz  had,  has  dun,  haa  not,  haz  mad,  hag  §ed:+ 
Ltt  us,  to  us,  ov  us,  ov  so  meni,  ov  so  mug,  for  vis. 

174.  3c  se/cl  ma  be  combjnd  wifl  de  r  and  n  hues,  a? 
upon  de  strat  sterna;  as, 

As  to  owr,  a«  dar  ar,  as  for  ovrr,  az  in  owr:-(- 
But  not  ae,  /ud  not  hie,  and  not  az:+ 

175.  T  ma  be  aded  to  30  s  sgrcl  wardsjna,  bj  qanjig  do 
oato  an  elips,  tu  ecspres  de  adifion  ov  'it,'  'tu,'  trr  (d«;'  u, 

h  it,  is  tu,  is  At,  ae  it,  az  tu,  az  4s,  haz  it,  haa  tu,  ha<  4t. 

176.  Tr  ma  be  aded  to  des  sqrcl  wurdsjne  bj  qanjig  ds 
0  to  de  lq,rj  elips,  tu  ecspres  de  adifion  ov  'daj;'  ^» 

I«  dar,  aa  dar,  as  da  qr,  hae  dar. 

177.  3e  elipa  i?  ritn  p^rpendicularli,  and  ma  be  jtrynd 
to  de  foloig  wurd;  ae, 

Hat  it  not  bin,  ai  it  wud,  az  dar  wud,  w  dar  not,  a?  dar  ie 
not,  a«  4ar  wud  not:+ 

178.  If  mor  convenygnt  it  ma  be  jffynd  aa  a  Icop:  az,- 
Az  it  had,  az  it  Jal,  az  to  dat,  &z  to  dem,  a>.  to  hwig,   i?.  tu  be, 

a«  tu  be,  ae  it  woe,  az  to  dis,  az  it  ma,  hwar  12  it:-h 

Az  d«cr  can,  haz  dar  bin,  aa  deer  WOE,  aa  dar  ma,  hwar  iz  darf 
az  dar  had,  az  dar  Jal,  ia  dar  tu  bs:-i- 

179.  In  sum  casee  de  Iqrj   er  sm»l  loop  ma  be  ferrmd 
from  a  fjnal  B^rcl  »r  sm«>l  loop,  for  similar  fraaea:  az, 

Unle«  it,  unlea  dar,  duz  it,  due  dar,  noe  it,  noa  dar,  /OK  it,  Joe 
dar,  tines  ds.  tigca  it,  tiffcs  dar.-t- 
Must  dar,  lest  dar. 


nn,    tie  h<*raofti,  &nd  darfor  d£  lejibiliti  OT  fonografi,  i« 
b[  rjttfl  zz  !<,  az  it,  '$&  Irit  a  modificajon  ov  dt  sqrcl  radqr  dan  a 


STlWOFHOKOOIUrHCM.  109 

hqf  lejt  struc.     Bat  j  /ud  consider  it  a  detriment  tu  tcstend  dt 
priniipl  to  Tqrbt  Jermifl  is  part  tem  bj  Ac.  luip.     (§104) 

180.  '3V  and  'da  qr'  ma  be   ftded   to  strat  items  bj 
de  (r  hue,  (§123;)  to  curvi  bj  dublig  dar  lea,b,  (§144;)  and 
to  de  sqrcl  bj  subslitutig  delqrj  loop,  (§176.)    '3at  d^r'  ma 
b»  ritn  dubl  lenfo  'd*,'  tu  be  jeynd  at  plegiir.     'Udqr,'  fiud 
be  ritn  'dr,'for  de  sac  ov  dirtigcfion,  wid  ft;  ecsepfiona. 

181.  d  dubl  legb  '5'  represents,   (tu  corespond  wid  da 

az  in  $  172,)  'ndr;'  aa  in  dt  fraaee — 
1     in  dar  2     »&d  dar  3     on  dar 


LESlf  33.     [316.]     Combimfon  ov  Frtuogr&mz. 

182.  In  de  foloig  ilustrafionz  OT  combjnd  frazeograaa, 
ds  hjfena  conect  de  difqr^nt  wurda  t«  be  ritn  upon  de  sam 
•tem. 

It-wil-not,  hwiq  wil  not,  4a  wil  not,  i  wil  not,  hm  wil  not. 

Bf-o-l-oT-de,  bi  ol  OT  de,  din  <r\  ov  ds,  can  9\  ov  Is. 

Be-ffl-dar-on,  bj  vl  dar  on,  dm  »1  dar  on,  can  <rl  dar  on. 

It-wU-hay-dz,  hwiq  wil  bar  d«,  da  wil  hav  ds 

t)ui-yui  men-tu  sa,  did  yui  msn  tu  IB,  if  yro  men  tu  sa. 

Can-yui  tinc-ov  eni,  dm  ytu  tine  ov  eni. 

On-ds  pqrt-ov-de,  on  de  sjd  ov  de,  in  de  tjm  ov  dt. 

Ov  <rl-owr,  to  9\  owr,  but  dar-<y,  but  dar  wil,  but  in  erl. 

C?l-ov  de,  tu  hav  de,  j  hav  dg,  j  hav  but,  /ud  not  d$. 

In-vl  ds,  trm  o\  dg,  f<rr  «rl  de,  from  vl  ds,  and  ov  de. 

Tu  err  tre,  tu  ^r  mor,  to  or  from,  on  <rr  abowt,  he  tn  /•: 

Wil-jrui  giv-yuir  opinyon,  wil-ym  giv-yTiir-a<tny«». 

Veri  meni  similar  fraiet  can  be  constructed  in  Ije  mau^r,  and 
iuq  frneez  c;r  yujuoli  mor  lejibl  dan  At  separated  wurda. 


HI 


LESJf  34.    Frtxtogrifi  if  Direc/on.  (?) 

*.    3ts  leir,  Iz  fdli  snjestiv  or  Ml  »  Imort  ontrjd  ttort. 

118.  F«rr  d»  §80  *r  coovwy^ns  j  bar  givn  4»  nam  o» 
!anv*cs*  to  unvocoljeobl  ffortkand  term;  consiitig  o» 
dots,  dafies,  s§rcle,  and  elipset.  Hwen  wun  unvoc  it  fal- 
od  bj  fttiud^r  plast  ner  it,  it  is  Bed  tu  be  dubld. 

184.  Q  dubld  unvcc  indictts,  bj  de  dir«c£on  or  d» 
Meoad  caraet^r  from  <!•  f^r*t,  fie  direction  or  a  d*£  gTM»- 
a  log  omited  betwtn  de  t\i  ritn  forraj;  K, 

..    »nd  in  a        .  t    and  to  a          ;    bat  how  tu     + 

In  l(c  man^r  ma  be  formd  tie  franc*  :  — 

In  but  a,  and  how  a,  in  huim  a,  ind  bat  a,  and  in  hqr,  ui 
l'u4  i,  *r  £roa  huisa:-f 

115.  3e  direcfion  ov  an  inelind  <rr  horizontal  clips,  in. 
Ijc  man^r  indioati  de  direcfion  or  a  dafi  gramalog  omited 
befor  de  elips;  as, 

3ar  i:  4«,  hui  iz  de,  be  iz  ds,  but  i«  dc,  »r  U  de,  £ffr  ac  dt,  an< 
UMt.  hm  ia  it,  but  ie  it,  4ar  iz  tu,  hut  id  tu: 

3ar  ie  dacr,  bat  iz  dar.  hm  iz  dar,  bat  ae  da  qr: 

186.  Q  sej.arat  lo-g  hue,  hwi<;  ia  an  onvoc,  h^f  ft»  lejb 
OT  a  ful  lent)  stroc.  and  ov  (fe  foloij  fcrrni,  U,  indicate  b) 
its  direciion,  de  omilion  or  a  corespondij  dafi  gramalog, 
ptesedig  err  foloin.  a  w  dafi;  az, 


t     to  hwot  j  wud  /ud  hvot  in  hwot 

2    or  hwot  how  wud       on  hwot  from  hwot 

&    bat  kwot  a  wa  iqwn  hwot        aod  hwot 


<*>  fl  <5- 

t    m*  Air  wid  o  we  Ju4 

•    w$r  drrr  w«;r  at  iw«a  Jud 

3    awa  to  awt  a  aw«  OB  awl  (roaa 

187.     It  ma  be  ritn  dubl  len^  tu  ad  '(fair;*  as, 

To  hwot  dar:  ov  hwot  dar,  b»t  hwot  dar,  awa  from  darr-f- 


Contrtcfonz  bud  Ectftd\entt. 

188.  G  atroc  ma  be  ritn  upward*  m  bacwardz  hwen  it 
il  sector  a  bet^r  f<rrm;  M, 

F»c/onbt,  jno,  ^rt.,  (83.) 

189.  In  sum  eases  a  hqf  l«g&  item  ma  be  agen  hqrd, 


3at  it8,  4at  4s,  twt  de»,  into  ie1,  fcnd  to  «»»,  not  di,  on  te  6t*r 
tmto  <S«.  he  did  dt9,  heded,  fcmted,  mad  d»3,  mrt  d«,  he  b»d  <k»,- 
•m  to  Ac*. 


IJffA'36.     IW1-S8I,  893-41  2.] 


190.  3»  Iqft^r  mq,rc  fiud  be  mmd  B»TO,  3us,  f  1u  mac 
it  mot  distinct  from  fit  mq,re  ov  -aptos. 

191.  f  7142  de  obljc  lin,  <JQ<;,  as  a  mure  or  omifiou  err 
«iowt;  in  de  l»t^r  CBS  itrjci^  it  forao  4e  wurd  <rr  eloa  indU- 
ti^ctli  h<jrd.     Ti|  <rr   mer,  plaat  togcd^r,  wud  indicat  ao 
int^nipfion  in  tacig  note. 

192.  Hwen  de  omifion  ia  or  matqr  red  bj  de  epaefr,  and 
tu   be  «upl  jd  in   transcribin,  j  mac  mor  <rr  lee  hoi  uo.iiol 


112 

ti<56  on  de  rjt  ov  de  obljc  mqrc,  aa  a  gjd  in  fjndig  de  caq- 
wurdg  bj  hwig  j  detqrnain  presjali  hwot  woz  red.  Ca$- 
wurda  Bud  be  tacn  hwenev^r  de  spacer  beging  a  n\i  paj. 

163.  tie  foloig  fimthand  fig^rg  qr  aranjd  sist«maticali. 
wid  spefial  refgr^ns  to  rjtig  mx;8ic,  and  to  nemonics: 

\      (      \      /-      -      )      ^ 
1234567890 

It  iz  not  so  saf  tu  trust  to  fierrth&nd  fig^rs  in  reportic; 
ferr  it  iz  impoiibl  dat  da  fiud  becum  az  familyar  at  d«  old 
Arabic  figure,  and  de  oldest  and  most  ecsperi^nst  mabe- 
matiHanz  qr  Ijabl  tu  mac  mietacs  evn  in  dem. 

194.  cle  "modificafion   ov  tmmz  bj  mofion,"  [369 — 
378,]  iz  a  matter   hwiq  de  engraver  ma  prop^rli  studi,  but 
hwiq  de  rjt^r  fiud  no  no&ig  abowt  ecsept  aa  a  werrnin. — 
He  fiud  am  at  jeometric  presifion,  and  de  ner^r  he  can  cum 
to  it  de  bet^r.     He  wil  be  fcrrti^nat  if  bj  de  tjm  he  h'al  be 
abl  tu  rjt  200  wurdg  m  mor  p^r  minit,  big  rjtig  fial  not  b« 
mor  imb^d  wid  "Ijf"  dan  wid  "gras"  or  wid  "menin." 

195.  Per  veri  rapid  rjtu)  a  pensil  iz  prefyabl,  not  onli 
bec<ri  d%r  iz  no  dels  in  obtanig  inc,  but  beco-a  de  fornag  qr 
mor  perfect. 

mm.  If  we  tac  a  l^D-nibd  pen  and  atemt  tu  mac  a  fonografic 
4j  sloli,  •wt  /al  et  dat  de  mo/on  ov  4s  hand  due  not  oorespond  wid 
At  mojoii  ov  de  pen.  At  ds  comensmqnt  ov  de  stroc  ds  pen  lag^ 
»nd  ntr  ds  claz  it  gane.  If  de  hand  macs  aa  acqrat  curv,  IE  pen 
wil  mec  a  diBtwrted  curv.  Hwen  a  pen  is  tu  be  yu«d  fcrr  fo- 
nograli,  darfor,  it  Jud  be  Jort-nibd.  Bnt  [  prefer  a  gud  penul, 
wid  pap^r  ov  de  r[t  cwolki,  gufi/tjntli  ruf  tu  tae  a  mure  «ili  and 
yet  not  ttn  ruf,  f»r  «TicjnaU  ov  r«portq.  It  fe  BBM>r  taili  red,  evs 
H  tt  Ijt  or  talo  «ftdle 


•MWOPHONOOKAPHIB.  113 

Eustrafonz. 

On  de  foloig  paj  qr  ilustrafiona  ov  de  hues  and  ud§r 
abreviafionz  or  Stenofonografi.  cle  numb^ra  corespond  to 
de  secfiona  in  hwiq  ds  abreviafionz  q,r  ecspland;  and  de 
wurda  and  frazea  givn  wil  be  fownd  und^r  Ijc  numbqra  in 
de  foloig  Ce: 

120.  Plaful,  it  wil  bs,  fulfil,  catolic,  famili,  nolej,  sensibl,  [di- 
nes, clam,  Jamful,  yusful,  empley,  benefi/ol. 

Prefer,  trubl,  frivolus,  tron,  seminari,  legur,  p^rsn,  tresur, 
aprocj,  p^rfum,  permit,  perhaps,  trator,  favord,  apropriat,  erdqr, 
l[brari. 

Abandon,  ciqen,  oblivion,  ma/en,  burdn,  pqrdn,  diminujon, 
leloa,  vilan,  filantropi,  fonografi,  monad,  Yuropsan,  hqrcn, 
wulen,  Waland,  wimen,  yoman,  alyenat,  man. 

Drovt;v,  trover,  djv^r,  favorit,  definit,  advent,  bgfor,  difictdt, 
develop,  advantaj,  prevent,  privilej,  perfect,  p^rferrm,  it  vril  hav, 
^srful,  governor,  adventur,  contrjvd,  draft,  earful,  gratful. 

Ambijon,  smenda/on,  rsvi3on,  rcmi/on,  men/on,  protec/on,  abo- 
lijon,  ebulijou,  pa/t^nt,  prepara/on,  apropria/on,  proper/on,  domin- 
a/on,  mi/on,  mo/on,  inferrmajon,  He/an,  sanjon. 

121.  Ecwol,  cwesqon,  cwoliti,  scwival^nt,  scwajon,  cwolifica/on. 
twitqr,  twjs,  twist,  twiq,  twjljt,  cwgn,  acwant.  scwanimiti,  cwibl, 
cwota,  cwic,  cwac^ri,  cwicsotic. 

122.  Dm  yrn,  hav  yui,  wil,  ym,  hop  yui,  qr  ym,  in  yuir. 

123.  Betqr,  toged^r,  radqr,  pictur,  brud^r,  dertqr,  depqrtur,  cap- 
tur,  oretur,  cultur,  fractiw,  septqr. 

124.  Manufacture,  brud^ra,  dertqrz,  glit^ra,  sed  ym. 

125.  Hpril,  temporal,  corporal,  vertebral,  liberal,  trjal,  pastorals 
gutural,  nutral,  cruel,  gqrl,  integral. 

126.  Penal,  panel,  empanel,  tunel,  <janel,  canal,  spanel. 
Bafl,  devl,  scufl,  aprmval  gravel,  revel  trjfl,  stjfl,  drivl. 
Hopful,  wacful,  dutiful,  jeryful,  oarful,  scilful,  gsrful. 


114 


STBNOPIIONOGBAPnBB. 


V  -?  )  V) 


\ 


v\.\.t 


)  I  (  /  V 


**  ^.  -r 


/  /•<*,  vv  v  «,  V  <  x  >< 

/»i  -  U  V 
w 


STENOFHONOGRAPttEft.  115 

187.     Instruct;  insolvent;   iustitut,  institnjou,  instil,   instirjt,    in- 
step; iudelibl,  ini/al,  unqaritabl,  inflam.  iuflat,  inflict. 

128.  Pod/on,    compensajou,    supqrstijon,  desison,    coudensa/orij 
acwiaij'on,    acsejon,   ilustra/on:    complanz  ov,  burst  ov,  sqrcum- 
stansea  ov.  abu,s  ov,  tels  ov;  wester,  sowtgst^rn,  cast  jron. 

129.  Dm  WE  not,  did  WE  not,  had  we  not;  dui  yui  not,  can  yui 
not,  liuv  yiu  not,  wil  yui  not;  bj  dar  on,  dui  dar  on,  at  dar  on. 
fade,r  dan;  provijonal,  adi/onal,  na/onal.  tradijonal. 

130.  Wit,  wido,  wi(j. 

131.  Wej,  wajea,  wajgr,  were,  Yats,  nu,  contiuu. 

133.  Eepublic,  rscapitnlat,  rectitud,  romnant. 

134.  Rcprodqs,    reprog,  reprcuf.  retrev,  retrenq,  return,  rccrra- 
JOD.  recriminajon;  rabl,  rebel,  rebelyon,  rigl,  ratl,  repulsiv. 

135.  Laconic,  elipticaT,  lament,  lim,  lam,  limfatic:  labor,  lib(jrti>' 
liberal,  hibrieat;  Ijabl,  label. 

136.  Xcgativ,  intcrogativ,    prerogativ;  preparativ,  comparativ 
delibqrativ,  op^rativ,  figq,rativ;  speculativ,  ablativ,  relativ. 

137.  Pomp,  plump,  bump,  damp,  trump,  trumpet,  limp,  limpid; 
Pam ;>•-!•.  tempqr,  distemper,  qambqr,   lumber,    slumber.     Pimp!, 
bramb!,   preambl.    tempi,  trembl,  jumbl,  scrambl,  rambl,  timbl, 
asemb!,  nimbi. 

138.  Tumbler,   rambler,  grumbler,  humblqr,  nimbler,  gaiublqr. 

139.  Campion,  campan.  /ampan.  rampant. 

140.  1'rotectiv,  defectiv,   egzecutiv,  vindictiv,  iustructiv:     ddib- 
srativ;     speculativ. 

141.  Wjf,   wav,    woj,   war,   warhows,  worbl;     Wafqr,  wevqr. 
Wavqr;     Hvvifl,  wgvl,  w£«l. 

142.  Men/on,   djmenjon,    conven/on;     Coiivenjon  ur;     C.  .i\-eu 
Jon  wil. 

146.  We  ma,  wid  regard  to,  ym  tine,  yui  no:  WE  ar.  \vid 
refgrqns  to,  wid  respect  to. 

147.  Goirj  tu,  maciq  a,  bsginig  de,  pasin  trai.  ariain  from 
iij  dar,  agrtii)  wid,  statiij  hwot. 


116  •TBXOFHONOOBAPHXB. 

148.  2ar  woa,  how  dui,  on  dem,  on  hwi^,  dar  wil  be. 

149.  To  dar,  ov  dar,  ov  el  dar,   to  erl  dar,  but  dar,  «rl  dar,  to 
dar  on,  ov  dar  on. 

150.  Fir,  fers,  furn,  fort,  flower,  sfer,  ver;    Ear,  fqar,  wjr,  sw«r, 
conrejB,  convqrsa/on,  §worn,  sword;      3a  qr,  lar;      Sjr,  sor; 
Ear;    Lor,   le,rn,   yard,  yejn,  yqm;     Mer,  hjr,  hurt,  M  qrz,  he,M, 
herrs,  morn;    Njqr. 

151.  Fjl,  vjl,  fjld,  flal,  f<?ln,  afilia/on;    flsrial,  wjl;      3a  wil;— 
Asal;    Yerl,  yeld.    Mjl,  mal,  hsl,  tiel,  hel,  milyon,  uphold,  held; 
Nsl,  nal,  neld,  nald. 

174.  Iz  to  owr,  aa  to  owr,  ae  dar  qr,  az  for  owr,  az  in  owr: 
But  not  ae,  /ud  not  hie,  and  not  az. 

175.  la  it,  az  it,  haz  it. 

176.  la  dar,  aa  dar,  baa  dar. 

177.  Haz  it  not  bin,  aa   it  wud,  aa   dar  wud,  iz  dar  not,  az 
dar  is  not: 

178.  Az  it  had,  aa  it  /al,  aa  to  dat,  aa  to  dem,  aa  to  hwiQ,  iz  tu 
be,  aa  tu  be,  aa  it  woa,  az  to  (lit,,  az  it  ma,  hwar  ia  it. 

Aa  dar  can,  haa  dar  bin,  az  dar  woa,  aa  dar  ma,  hwar  iz  dar, 
ae  dar  had,  aa  dar  Jal,  ia  dar  tu  be. 

179.  Unles  it,  unles  dar,  dua  it,  duz  dar,  noe  it; 
Must  dar,  lest  dar. 

185.    3ar  iz  d«,  hui  iz  de,  he  iz  ds,  but  ia  de,  0r  iz  de,  far  a«  de, 
and  iz  de,  I  mi  ia  it,  but  ia  it,  dar  ia  tu,  hui  ia  tu. 

clar  ia  dar,  but  ia  dar,  hm  iz  dar,  but  aa  da  qr. 
187.    To  hwot  dar:  ov  hwot  dar,  but  hwot  dar,  awa  from  dar. 
190.     (cle  smcrj  elips  dubl  leijt  ia  mad  naro).    Iz  it  dar,  az  it  dar, 
haa  it  dar;  but  it  it  dar,  or  iz  it  dar,  and  iz  it  dar. 
83.     SE  de  Rjtiij  Ecsersja  on  paj  72. 

Not.  Had  i  non  how  imp^rfectli  de  plat  wud  bs  ecsecuted,  j 
wud  hav  omited  enuf  tu  mac  de  rest  lejibl.  f  du  not  tine  it 
nescsari  tu  reprodus  it  until  de  sistem  itself  ia  mor  perfect. 


•TKCOPHOKOQBAPHBR.  117 


38  STENOFONOQKAPEB. 


PART    3. 


fc  hav  mad  so  litl  qanj,  (1869,)  sins  comensig  Pqrt  2 
flat  it  ia  hqjdli  nesesari  tu  ad  anud§r  revigon. 

Lgrnig  flat  Logli'z  Manual  can  stil  be  obtand  in  Sinsin- 
ati,  j  recomend  dat  if  de  l§rn§r  can  not  wel  proc^r  bob  he 
fiud  tac  dat  f^rst.  Munsn'g  he  wil  probabli  get  a  fit 
munbs  lat^r  if  he  continiia  de  Btudi  ov  fonografi. 


LESN5.     R,  L,  £.    ffs  Up-strocs. 

3e  foloig  wurdz  j  now  r|t  acerdig  to  de  n^lg,  erldo  mad 
ecsepfiona  in  Pqrt  1 : — 

11.    Prepar,  survjv,  Red«m,  sufqr,  s^rv. 

jScsepfonz. 


LESN  6.     fl&s  and  Poztfon. 

74.  Ferrma  contanig  no  perpendicular  err  obljc  fial  legb 
stroc,  ma  be  ritn  wid  ecwal  convenyqns  in  de  fcjrst  plas: 
and  dqrfor  fiud  be  so  ritn  hwen  de  dominant  vowel  ig  a 
plas  vowel. 

Eyzamph.    Ms1,  mj1,  ma2;  [print1,  nmzic1,  imin^nt1,  gift1.] 


118  STEWOPHONOaHAPHBR. 

LESITI.    3t  Votoel  Grimologt. 

in  ^    in  a  ^    in  tie 

83.     3e  wurda  'doo1  and  'did'  fiud  be  transpoad. 
i-dra1,  j-dra-not1,  i-did2,  j-did-not2,  j-had3,  j-had-not3. 

LESN  8.        at  Serelz. 

Veri  mug  ov  de  dificulti  and  apargnt  inconsist^nsi  in  de 
njla  forr  fonografic  abreviafiong  and  vocaljaafion,  ma  be 
obviated  bj  Munsn'e  "Nil  Clasificafion. "  He  clasifjz  de 
consonant  sjna  yuad  in  fonografi,  und^r  for  distigct  hedz: 

I.  Simpl  Sterna;  Eon  on  paj  3. 

II.  Huct  Sterna;  ecspland  in  Lesne  13,  14,  &B. 

III.  Modifjd  Sterna;  ecspland  in  Lesna  17,  and  26. 

IV.  Independent  Sjna;  incliidig  sqrcla,    loops,  and 
in  mj  sis  tern,  bac  hues  and  owtsjd  hues. 

3en  (le  ord^r  in  hwiq  de  difgrqnt  elements  ov  a  fono- 
grafic ferrm  qr  tu  be  red,  ia  ae  foloa: — 

I.  Inifial  independent  sin,  gumtjma  preseded  bj  a 
hue,  hwiQ  wil  be  red  befor  it  aa  if  it  w§r  a  separat  stroc. 

II.  Vowel  presedig  de  stem. 

III.  Stem. 

IV.  Inifial  hue. 

V.  Vowel  foloig  de  stem. 

VI.  Final  hue. 

VII.  Modiflcafion  ov  stem. 

VIII.  Final  independent  sin,  sumtjmz  folod  bi  a 
hue,  hwlq  wil  be  red  aftqr  it;  and  evn  dat  hue  ma  be  fol- 
od bi  amide/  se/cl  tu  be  red  aft^r  it- 


ITHHOPHOy 0GB APHIS.  119 

5e  modificafiona  hwig  d«  adopfion  ov  dis  sistem  intro- 
dusea,  q,r  de  foloig : — 

1.  §  125.     ele  vowel  fiud   folo  de  aded  /  err  r:  hwiq 
wil  mac  it  imposibl  tu  vocolja  sum  ov  de  egaamplt  givn. 

2.  §  144.     From  de  egaampla  eras  de  foloig : — 
Modqrn,  sudqm,  nerrdqrn, 

hwiq  ma  convenyentli  be  ritn  aa  foloa:— • 

mod^n.  sud^'nz,  nerrdq'rw  err  nerr'dq'rw. 
On  de  udqr  hand  we  ma  ad,  undgr  de  nil  rule,  de  foloig: — 
Slendqr,  tiund^r,  winter,  wund^r,  widin  dar,  den-dar,  dan-dar. 

3.  §  150,  151.     cle  wav  l^n  and  semis^rcl  beig  modi- 
f jd   stemg,  erl   de  egaampla  recwjrig  a  fjnal  hue  must  be 
erast,  sins  a  hue  foloig  a  stem  reda  beforde  modification. 
On  de  ud^r  hand  we  ma  ad,  undgr  de  nq,  rq,la,  de  f oloig : — 

Milyouar,  aBJnor,  vqrniqr,  fjnal,  vsnyal,  flanel. 


LESN  9.     Com-;  -if;  er.  mp:  If. 

90.  if  dco  not  advja  de  yt^s  ov  de  h  stroc  fer  mb  in  eni 
cas,  for  de  b  stroc  ma  aa  wel  be  omited  hwen  da,r  ia  no 
gan  in  lejibiliti  from  rjtig  it. 


LESN  10.     Logogramz  a,nd  Fraxeogram*. 

91.  $  ad  to  de  list  ov  gramaloga  de  wurda  'did'  and 
'can,'  not  so  muc,  tu  fierrtu  de  forma  aa  tu  mac  dem  con- 
veny^nt  and  simetrical  in  fraaeografi,  enablig  dem  tu  re- 
sev  a  fjnal  hue  and  be  hq,vd  in  de  sam  man§r  wid  ud^r 
ergailyari 


120 


Mistlanius  sujesgons  az  to  fvrmz  ov  wurdz  and  i'ra~i>z. 

Lesn  10.  3.R2,  Reicolcct  onli  in  fraxeografii  fff!rm3. 

Lesn  14.  Veri,  Recwjr,  preva/. 

L"sn  21.  55.     Siti  iand  ciownti  iov.        Owt-iov-!eni-muni  iiu 

ide  tre;3iun  inot  iudqrwjz  Sapropriated. 

Lesn  25.  Trembler,  stumbl^r. 
Lesn  26.     Inte^&y*1. 

Lesn  27.  In-e7-casea,  on-erZ-ocagoiig. 

Lesn  31  So-fu-«pec,  gud-de'1-ov-ds,  bj-ds-ad-ov-ds. 

Lesn  33.  3ar  iz  a,  fe^r  aa  dar,  fer  o1!  ov,  at-e/-£vent$. 


LESN  22.     Distigcfon  ov  Fvrm. 

115.     EEe  foloig  wurda  and  fraaea  fiud  be  c^rfuli  distig- 
gwifit,  aa  de  contecst  wil  not  olwaa  identifj  dem: 
MJ*1;  am  tu.         da-wi/;  da  el.  la*2;  old8.        lad2; 

BiZ  e-r  bil1,  apsl8.     Coirt  ov  Apielz,  (crffst.) 


Se  ~\  ^  f  Strocs. 

Strjc  bwt  —  yuir,  yu«. 

Ad — swet1,  swet2,  hev,  comprehend2,   aprehend8,  inherit,  na- 
borhud,  hqnies. 


3e  foloig  tabl  ia  a  repetition  in  pqrt  ov  de  tabl  comensig 
on  paj  14,  wid  de  modificafiona  hwiq  j  hav  sins  mad  in 
inj  rjtig  or  propoa  tu  mac;  but  de  distigcfion  ov  de  legfc 
bv  strocs  ia  so  fqr  disregarded  dat  similar  forrma,  difqrig 
onli  in  poaifion,  or  in  feicnes,  err  in  legfo  ov  stroc,  q,r  givn 


ITBHOPHONOORAPHtS.  121 

DISTIVCZON  07  PLAS,  LEW7,  AND  TICNES. 

\      \ 

tu,  to  OT  but 

tm,  tu  dar,  dar  9! 

put,  pit,  to  dar        pad,  hopt,  ov  dar       apt,  pat,  but  dar 

DEtwen,  bid,  bet,  bjde    obad,  bed,  bot,  bs  de     abowt,  bad,  ol  dar 

ps,  pj  up,  wa,  hop  hapi 

bj,  tu  be,  bffy  bs,  oba,  bo  object,  bow,  abi 

P£Pi  PIP  -  P°Pj  popular  pop,  popi 

public,  bapt|e 
bmbi  babi  bob 


,  j  how  a,  an 

o«y  o  he,r 

it  wud  it  did,  it  ds,  it  tu        it  had,  eri  tu,  at  de 

ded,  djd,  duo.  ds  ded,  dat,  det,  did  ds    dowt,  had  it,  had  de 

tim,  et,  tj  it,  at  at,  owt,  <rt 

dui,  dj,  du,,  |dea  did,  da  had,  ad,  od 

tjl  tert 

tjdi,  Deiti,  djet,  dito      tuda,  dq,ti,  data  edit,  oditi,  dowti 

Dido  did  dui  had  had,  dadi 


•B 

he,  him                       on 

hut.  hmm 

er                              w 

cet,  Qjd,  hwi^  wud 
Jud 

hwig  it,  hwig  ds,  hwiq  did 
ajed,  ejd,  jet 

gat,  hwig  had 
jot 

ej,  gn,  i? 
Ju,  j»y 

hwig 
aj,  ej 

mug 

'.  JUJ 

ajuj 

Rtin  upward. 

fud 

on 

upon 

n* 

qr  ds,  or  tu    • 

n»"i 

q,r,  ro,  recolect 

122 


STENOFHOXOOBAPHM. 


in 

from 

and 

tra     • 

for    ' 

beccrz 

cud,  cwjt 

act,  can  de,  can  it 

cut,  cert 

gud,  giv  As,  giv  it 

get,  gat,  got,  god 

God 

comit,  comite 

can,  cam 

cum,  oc,  cow 

giv,  givn 

gav,  go 

ago,  garanti 

cic,  cue 

cac,  coc 

COC,  CffC 

cognieont,  ceg 

cog,  g<roi 

gig,  gugff 

gag 

agog 

if  it  wud 

if  it  did,  oftqr  de 

if  it  had 

averyded 

voted 

hav  had  de 

if  it,  fit,  fst,  fut 

oft^r,  fat,  fad 

oft,  fat 

averyd,  ve-yd,  vud 

vot,  hav  ds,  hav  it 

hav  had,  a-vowd 

if,  fu,  ft    ' 

Fo 

hqf,  e-f 

VU    £V    VI 

hav 

vow,  avow 

if  dar  ' 

fqd^r 

hqf  dar 

hav  dar,  vot^r 

wid 

hwen 

t)ert  ds 

ws 

w§r,  wa,  awa 

dat  de,  dat  it 

fJinc  ds,  fiinc  it 

feert 

banct 

widowt 

dat 

do  it 

yrafi,  ftj 

tiinc,  06 

bane,  hat,  toweand 

de,  4 

da,  dem 

do,  dow 

fiinc  dar 

fianc  dar 

didQr 

de  udqr 

do  dar 

wud 

wun 

hwot 

win 

wo 

WOT 

Nt 

establij 

wost.  aatoni/ 

M.  it  it 

woz  ds,  woz  it 

M  it,  haz  it 

?e,  si,  is 

so,  sa,  yes 

us,  se» 

\z   tz  ggj 

woa 

Sfc  dar,  eryst^r 

so  dar,  sa  dar 

89  dar 

woz  dar 

•tBNOPHOyOOlAPHB* 


J  J 

wi/t  At  /ut  de,  /od  ds,  Je  did  de    /owt  At,  /s  had  d$ 

wi/t,  /st,  /rat,  /s  wud    /ut,  /od,  /al  it,  /s  did    /owt,  /s  had 


i~1    *~      7     *      1    <- 

/e,  wi/,  i/n 

*  —    it             J    4  1    t~ 

/al,  /o 
yugnol 

nf 

aj 

wi/  dar 

/al  dar,  /o  dar,  /udqr 
yujuali  dar 

-^              -^. 

rsd  ds,  hwar  wud  ds  he,rd  dt,  hwar  did  de 
wuded                      wated,  weded,  ws  did  de 

hwar  had  de 
we  had  de 

her  it,  arjt 
r»d,  w»  wud 

hqrt,  ojt,  hurt 
h§rd,  wurd,  we  did 

hwar  it 
hqrd,  ws  had 

her,  hjr,  hjqr 
hwjj  wui 

owr,  ar«a 
ev^r,  erqii,  wo,  wa 

hwar,  awar,  war 
ov^r,  however 

her  dar 

rad^r 

hwar  dar 

wide,r,  hwj  dar 

wetqr 

ove,r  dar 

r    r 

Ijted 
yui  wud  de 

let  it,  let  ds 
yui  did  de 

aloted,  alowd  ds 
yui  had  de 

'it,  Isd,  wil  it 
yra  wud 

let,  lat,  led,  lad,  old 
yui  did 

lot,  lowd,  alowd 
yui  had,  yot 

li,  il,  In 

peculyor,  yuir 

wil,  wel,  la 
erlredi,  ya 

lor,  hoi,  holi 
Iqrj,  dolar 

lifer 

lete,r,  wil  dar,  lede,r 

lat^r 

mjt  de,  nut  de 
yui,  yuir 

met  de,  mad  ds 
he  did  ds,  hated 

beyond 
he  had  de 

mjt,  met,  imsdiatli 
hit,  hid,  hit,  hed 

met,  mat,  mad,  mod 
hed,  hat,  hut 

mat,  mad 
hat,  hot,  ahed 

me,  mj 
impruiv,  h[,  hq 

ma,  am 

important,  ha,  ho 

am,  horn 
hq,  ahq 

meter,  mjtqr 
hid§r,  impruiv  dar 

matqr,  mudqr,  ma  dar 
hede,r 

am  dar 
hatqr 

124 


•MKOPHOKOOBAPHB*. 


into  ds 
ye,  yer,  ysld 
into,  nit,  ned,  net 
in  de 

yet,  not  de 
ya 
undqr,  end,  not 
and  de 

and  to  de 
onto  de 
not,  ant,  ant 
cm  ds 

eni,  nu 
6in,  Engli/ 
ned<jr 
iu  dar 

no,  on 
yon,  oig 
nnuder,  entqr,  no  dar 
and  dar 

na,  aner^ 
laggwaj 
now  dar 
on  dar 

Frecwensi  00  Ocurens  in  30,000   Wurdz. 

From  ecfctensiv  analisis  ov  dg  frecw^nsi  ov  ocur^ns,  j  f  jnd  dat 
on  d«  avqraj  d$  plural  number  ocure  1-46  ov  de  t[m;  ds  infinitiv 
t?rmina/on  ov  y^rba  1-2  ov  ds  tjm,  de  post  ten8  tormina/on  (<,  d,) 
1-46,  de  partisipl  (iy)  1-86,  and  de  tormina/on  (s,  z,)  1-86. 

3e   several  pqrts  qv  spgg  ocur  in  de  foloig  numbqra  in  30,000 


wurdz: 


Prepoai/one    3,354 
(Jgailyari  vqrba      3,051 


Pronownz 

Article 

Conjunc/ona 

Ajcotiva 
Adv^rbz 


2,958 

2,745 

1,660 

1,074+ 

1,056+ 


Nowne,  v^rbs,  and  ajectiva  and 
advqrbz  fffrmd  from  dem     14,102 


Aa  a  matqr  ov  curiositi  j 
apend  de  foloiy  statm^nt. 
ov  hwig  j  no  not  de  er6oritit 

Number  ov  wurda  in  de 

Old  Testament        592,439 

Nu  Testament        181,253 

And  ocara,  Old     35,543 

Nu       10,684 

or  twjs  aa  frecwejntli  aa  in 
ecatemporaneus  spgq. 


THE  END. 


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